نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 پژوهشگر،مجتمع شیر و گوشت مهدشت، شرکت دشت ناز، ساری، مازندران

2 پژوهشگر،شرکت گسترش (هلدینگ) کشاورزی و دامپروری فردوس پارس، تهران، ایران

3 پژوهشگر،دانشگاه زنجان. گروه علوم دامی

چکیده

هدف از پژوهش حاضر مقایسه عملکرد پرواری، ویژگی­های لاشه، متابولیت­های خونی و سودمندی اقتصادی آمیخته­های گوشتی با گوساله­های هلشتاین خالص بود. آمیخته­های گوشتی از طریق تلقیح گاو ماده هلشتاین با اسپرم نژادهای شاروله، اینرا95، لیموزین و آنگوس استحصال شد. عملکرد گوساله­های آمیخته با گوساله­های هلشتاین در یک طرح پرواری 11 ماهه با استفاده از 25 راس گوساله به‌ازای هر یک از پنج نژاد (مجموع 125 راس گوساله) مورد مقایسه قرار گرفت. متوسط افزایش وزن روزانه گوساله­های آمیخته بیش‌تر از هلشتاین خالص بود. هرچند اثرات متقابل نژاد و زمان­ پروار معنی­دار بود (p <0/01). خوراک مصرفی گوساله­های آمیخته شاروله و هلشتاین به‌طور معنی­داری پایین­تر از سایر آمیخته­ها بود و ضریب تبدیل خوراک در گوساله­های آمیخته شاروله پایین­تر از سایر گوساله­ها بود (p <0/01). بازده لاشه و گوشت قابل فروش آمیخته­های شاروله، اینرا95 و لیموزین نسبت به آمیخته آنگوس و هلشتاین به‌طور معنی­داری بالاتر بود (p <0/01). آمیخته شاروله غلظت اوره پلاسما بالاتری نسبت به دیگر گروه­های ژنتیکی داشت (p <0/01). محاسبه اقتصادی نتایج نشان داد میزان سود بالاتر کل دوره پروار به‌ترتیب مختص آمیخته­های شاروله، اینرا95، لیموزین، آنگوس و گوساله­های هلشتاین بود. بنابراین، با توجه به نتایج پژوهش حاضر، آمیخته­های حاصل از تلاقی نژاد گوشتی و هلشتاین عملکرد پرواری، بازده لاشه، و سود بالاتری نسبت به هلشتاین دارند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of performance, carcass characteristics, blood parameters and economic profits of pure and crossbred Holstein calves

نویسندگان [English]

  • Abdollah Rezagholivand Lahrud 1
  • Akbar Nikkhah 2
  • Hadi Khabazan 3
  • Saeed mokhtarzadeh 2
  • Majid Dehghan 1
  • Farzad Sadighi 1
  • Yosef Mokhtabad 1
  • Farzad Safari 2
  • Azim Rajaei 2

1 Dasht-e-Naz Co., Sari, Mazandaran, Iran

2 Ferdows Pars Agriculture-Livestock Holding Co., Tehran, Iran

3 Department of animal science, University of Zanjan

چکیده [English]

The aim of this study was to compare feedlot performance, carcass characteristics, blood metabolites, and economic profits between pure and crossbreeds Holstein calves. Crossbreeds were produced by crossing Holstein (H) cows with Angus (A), Charolais (C), Limousin (L) and INRA 95 (I) bull’s semen. The performance of 25 calves of each breed (125 calves in total) was compared in a fattening period of eleven months. The average daily gain was significantly higher in crossbred calves compared to pure Holstein calves. The interaction of breed and time was significant (p < 0.01). The Charolais crossbred calves and pure Holstein had significantly lower dry matter intake than other crossbreeds, and feed conversion ratio in the C×H calves was remarkably more favorable than other groups (p < 0.01). Dressing percentage and saleable meat yield for C×H, L×H and I×H crossbreeds were higher than for pure Holstein and A×H. Concentrations of plasma urea of Charolais crossbred calves was more than other groups (p < 0.01). Economic calculations demonstrated that the respective highest profit for the whole fattening period belonged to crossbreeds of C×H, I×H, L×H, A×H, and pure Holsteins. In conclusion, the calves from Holstein-beef crosses had higher feedlot performance, dressing percentage and economic productivity than pure Holstein calves.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Beef breed
  • Crossbreeding
  • Dressing percentage
  • Feedlot
  • Gain
  • Red meat
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