نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد ، ایران.
2 استادیار،گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد ، ایران.
3 استاد،گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد ، ایران.
چکیده
این پژوهش به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر تراکم مواد مغذی جیره پایانی و سن کشتار بر بازده ابقای انرژی و پروتئین در جوجه های گوشتی انجام شد. تعداد 300 قطعه جوجه‌خروس 23 روزه سویه کاب 500 در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی به‌صورت فاکتوریل 5×2، با 10 تیمار، شش تکرار و پنج قطعه در هر تکرار گروه بندی شدند. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل تنظیم جیره پایانی با تراکم مواد مغذی معادل 92/5، 95، 97.5، 100 و 102.5 درصد پیشنهاد سویه و کشتار در سنین 38 و 46 روزگی بودند. با افزایش تراکم مواد مغذی جیره پایانی افزایش وزن بدن، بازده خوراک، بازده ابقای انرژی و پروتئین به طور خطی و معنی دار افزایش و احتیاج انرژی نگهداری به ازای افزایش واحد وزن بدن کاهش یافت (0.05>P). افزایش سن کشتار از 38 روز به 46 روز باعث بروز تأثیر منفی و معنی دار بر شاخص های فوق شد (0.05>P). پرندگان تغذیه شده با جیره پایانی با تراکم مواد مغذی 97.5 درصد پیشنهاد سویه بالاترین مقدار عددی مصرف خوراک باقی مانده را داشتند. سطح مطلوب مواد مغذی جیره پایانی جوجه های گوشتی به منظور بهینه سازی افزایش وزن بدن، بازده خوراک، بازده ابقای انرژی و پروتئین با استفاده از مدل رگرسیونی خط شکسته خطی به ترتیب 101.7، 99.2، 97.7 و 99.5 درصد پیشنهاد سویه برآورد شدند. مقادیر به دست آمده 5.5-2.3 درصد کمتر از مقادیر برآوردی توسط مدل خط شکسته درجه دو بودند. بر اساس نتایج این آزمایش، شاخص مصرف خوراک باقی مانده می تواند یک معیار مناسب برای سنجش بازده انرژی جیره باشد. تنظیم جیره پایانی جوجه‌های گوشتی با تراکم مواد مغذی کمتر از 97.5 درصد سطح پیشنهاد سویه مناسب نیست.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
The effect of finisher diet nutrient density and slaughter age on energy and protein retention efficiency of broiler chickens
نویسندگان [English]
- Mahdie Nikbakhetzadeh 1
- Heydar Zarghi 2
- َAbolghasem Golian 3
1 Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
2 Department of animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
3 Animal Science Department, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
چکیده [English]
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of finisher diet nutrient density and slaughter age on energy and protein retention efficiency of broiler chickens. Three hundred 23-day-old Cobb-500 male broiler chickens were assigned in a 5×2 factorial arrangement of completely randomize design with 10 treatments, 6 replicates and 5 birds each. The experimental treatments included five nutrient levels of finisher diets (102.5, 100, 97.5, 95, and 92.5% levels of nutrient composition recommendations stated by the Cobb-500 Commercial Management Guide) and two slaughtered ages (38 and 46 days of age). As increased dietary nutrient density significantly and l inearly
increased weight gain, feed efficiency, energy and protein retention efficiency and decreased maintenance energy requirements per unit of weight gain (P<0.05). By increasing slaughter age from d38 to d46, above indices significantly deteriorated (P<0.05). The highest residual feed intake belonged to birds fed the finisher diet with 97.5% of strain recommendation nutrients level. Dietary nutrient density level for optimal weight gain, feed efficiency, and energy and protein retention efficiency by linear broken line models were estimated 101.7, 98.7, 97.7 and 99.5% of strain recommendation, respectively. Whereas, these values were 2.3-5.5 percent less than those estimated by the quadratic broken-line model. As a conclusion, residual feed intake methodology can be a viable alternative to measure dietary energy efficiency. Formulation broiler finisher diet with nutrients concentration lowers than 97.5% of strain recommendation is not suitable.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Keywords: Broiler chickens
- energy efficiency
- nutrient density
- regression models
- residual feed intake
- slaughter age
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