نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم دامی-دانشکده کشاورزی-دانشگاه رازی-کرمانشاه-ایران

2 دانشگاه رازی، تخصص: تغدیه دام/ مواد معدنی

3 پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، تخصص: فیزیولوژی دام

4 دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، تخصص: غذا و تغذیه نشخوارکنندگان/ بیوشیمی و کنترل کیفی مواد غذایی

چکیده

به منظور تعیین اثرات مکمل خوراکی اسید لینولئیک مزدوج (CLA) محافظت شده و مکمل تزریقی سلنیوم و ویتامین E (E-Se) بر سیستم ایمنی گاوهای شیری و گوساله های نوزاد آنها، ۴۰ رأس گاو شیری هلشتاین شکم دوم و بالاتر در یکی از گاوداری‌های صنعتی استان قزوین در سال 1394 مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. حیوانات در یک طرح کاملاً تصادفی با آرایش فاکتوریل به چهار گروه با 10 تکرار، تقسیم شدند. گروه های ازمایشی شامل جیره پایه (کنترل)، جیره پایه به علاوه مکمل تزریقی E-Se ، جیره پایه به علاوه 100 گرم مکمل CLA در روز و جیره پایه به علاوه 100 گرم مکمل CLA همراه مکمل تزریقی E-Se بود. مکمل E-Se به میزان 40 سی‌سی در روزهای 21-، 1، 14، 28 و 42 نسبت به روز زایش به صورت عضلانی به هر گاو تزریق شد. نمونه‌های خون از همه گاوها در روزهای تزریق گرفته شد. خون گیری از گوساله ها در روز تولد قبل از خوردن آغوز و سن هفت روزگی انجام شد. افزودن مکمل CLA تأثیر معنی‌داری بر میانگین غلظت ایمونوگلوبولین G ((IgG و وضعیت کل آنتی اکسیدانی (TAS) پلاسمای گوساله‌ها در سنین یک و هفت روزگی نداشت. اثر مکمل E-Se بر میزان TAS پلاسمای گوساله ها در سن 7 روزگی معنی دار بود (05/0>P). افزودن مکمل CLA و مکمل E-Se تأثیر معنی داری بر میانگین غلظت IgG ، MDA و TAS آغوز گاوها نداشت. افزودن مکمل CLA و مکمل E-Se تأثیر معنی داری بر میزان TAS خون و میانگین فراسنجه های خون شناسی گاوها نداشت. بر اساس نتایج حاصل، استفاده از اسید لینولئیک مزدوج در دوره انتقال اثری بر سیستم ایمنی گاوها و گوساله های متولد شده ندارد. مکمل تزریقی سلنیوم و ویتامین E وضعیت کل آنتی اکسیدانی خون گوساله های متولد شده را بهبود می بخشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Dietary Conjugated linoleic Acid (CLA) with or without injectable Se and VE supplement on immune system of lactating dairycows and their calves

نویسندگان [English]

  • zabih allah abdolmaleki 1
  • Manouchehr Souri 1
  • mohamad mehdi moeini 2
  • armin towhidi 3
  • Yadollah Chashnidel 4

1 Departemant of Animal sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Razi University, iran

2 Depart. of Animal sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Razi University

3 Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

4 Department of Animal sciences sari agricultural science and natural resources university.

چکیده [English]

Forty multiparous Holstein cows were used to investigate the effect of supplementary rumen protected Conjugated linoleic Acid (CLA) with injectable Se and vitamin E (E-Se) supplement on immune system in Holstein cows and their calve in a commercial dairy farm at Ghazvin province. The animals were divided in four experimental groups in a complete randomize design based on factorial. The experimental groups were: basal diet (Control), basal diet plus injectable E-Se Supplement, basal diet plus CLA 100 g/day per each cow) and basal diet plus CLA 100 g/day per each cow and Injectable E-Se Supplement. The dose of injectable E-Se supplement was 40 ml/cow. The injection has done muscularly in each cow in days, -21, 1, 14, 28 and 42 after calving. Blood Samples of cows collected at days of injection. Blood samples of calves collected at birthday pre feeding colostrum and 7 days after birth. The result showed CLA supplement had no significantly effect on mean concentration of Immunoglobulin G (IgG), Total antioxidant status (TAS) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) in calves on days 1 and 7 (P>0.05). Effect of injectable E-Se Supplement on TAS concentration of Calve's Plasma had was significant (P>.05). CLA and injectable E-Se Supplements had no significant effect on mean concentration of IgG, TAS and MDA of cow`s colostrum (P>0.05). The CLA and E-Se supplements had no significant effect on TAS concentration and hematology Parameters of dairy cow (P>0.05). Based on acquried result use of CLA supplement in transition period had no effect on immune system of cows and their calves. Supplementary injection of E-Se significantly improved total antioxidant status of newborn calves.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Colostrum
  • Immunoglobulin G (IgG)
  • Malondialdehyde (MDA)
  • Total antioxidant status (TAS)
  • White blood cells
1-Awadeh, F. T., R. L. Kincaid, and K. A. Johnson.1998.Effect of level and source -of dietary selenium on concentrations of thyroid hormones and Immunoglobulin in beef cows and calves. J.Anim Sci. 76: 1204- 1215.
2-Basiric, L., P. Morera, D. Dipasquale, A. Troscher, A. Serra, M. Mele, and U. Bernabucci. 2015. Conjugated linoleic acid isomers strongly improve the redox status of bovine mammary epithelial cells (BME-UV1). J. Dairy Sci. 98:7071–7082
3-Bassaganya-Riera, J., R. Hontecillas, D. R. Zimmerman, and M. J. Wannemuehler. 2001b. Dietary conjugated linoleic acid modulates phenotype and effector functions of porcine CD8 (+) lymphocytes. J. Nutr. 131:2370–2377.
4-Bauman, D.E., Perfield II, J.W., Harradine, K.J., and Baumgard, L.H. 2008. Regulation of fat synthesis by conjugated linoleic acid: Lactation and ruminant model. J. Nutr. 138: 403-409
5-Bednarek, D., M.Kondracki, and S. Cakala. 1996 .Effect of vitamin E and selenium on white blood cells, serum concentration of several mineral and trace elements as well as immunologic parameter in calves. Dtsch Tierarztl Wochenschr. 103: 457- 459.(Abstr).
6-Belury, M. A., and A. Kempa-Steczko. 1997. Conjugated linoleic acid modulates hepatic lipid composition in mice. Lipids32:199–204.
7- Benzie, I.F. and J. Strain. 1996. The ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) as a measure of “antioxidant power”: the FRAP assay. Anal Biochem. 239: 70-76.
8- Bernal -Santos, G., J. W. Perfield II, D. M. Barbano, D. E. Bauman, and T. R. Overton. 2003. Production responses of dairy cows to dietary supplementation with conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) during the transition period and early lactation. J. Dairy Sci. 86:3218-28
9-Bradford, B. J., Harvatine, K. J. & Allen, M. S. (2008). Dietary unsaturated fatty acids increase plasma glucagon-like peptide-1 and cholecystokinin and may decrease premeal ghrelin in lactating dairy cows.
Journal of Dairy Science, 91, 1443-1450
10-Corino, C., Pastorelli, G., Rosi, F., Bontempo, V., Rossi, R., 2009. Effect of dietary conjugated linoleic acid supplementation in sows on performance and immunoglobulin concentration in piglets. J. Anim. Sci. 87, 2299–2305
11-Drackley JK (1999) Biology of Dairy Cows During the Transition Period: the Final Frontier? J. Dairy Sci, 82: 2259–2273
12. Ferguson, J.D., Galligan, D.T., and Thomsen, N. 1994. Principal descriptors of body condition score in Holstein cows. J. Dairy Sci. 77: 2695–2703.
13-Hammon, D.S., Evjen, I.M., Dhiman, T.R., Goff, J.P., Walters, J.L., 2006. Neutrophil function and energy status in Holstein cows with uterine health disorders. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. 113, 21–29.
14-Hanschke, Kankofer.M. Ruda, L. Höltershinken, M., Meyer, U Frank, J. Dänicke and. Rehage, J.2016The effect of conjugated linoleic acid supplements on oxidative and antioxidative status of dairy cows. Dairy Sci. 99:1–13
15-Hussen, J., Dänicke, S., Schuberth, H.J., 2011. The effect of a long term dietary supplementation with conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) on the composition of bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and the concentrations of IgG isotypes in blood and milk. In: Proc. Soc. Nutr. Physiol. 20. DLG-Verlag, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, pp. 85.
16-Kimura, K.,J. P. Goff, Jr. M. E.Kehrli, and J. A. Harp. 1999 . Phenotype analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in periparturient dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 82: 315 – 319
17-Lacetera, N., U.Bernabucci, B. Ronchi, and A.Nardone. 1996. Effects of selenium and vitamin E administration during a late stage of pregnancy on colostrum and milk Production in dairy cows, and on passive immunity and growth of their offspring. Am. J .Vet. Res .57(12): 1776-1780.
18-Meglia, G. E.2004. Nutrition and Immune Response in periparturient Dairy cows. Acta universitatis Agriculture sueiae veterinaria 170
19-Melanie,E, Jana,H, Jamal H, , Hans-Joachim,S, Maria S, Ulrich Meyerc, S, Hartwig Bostedtd, Gerhard Brevesa(2017), effect of dietary CLA supplementation, parity and different concentrate levels before calving on immunoglobulin G1, G2 and M concentrations in dairy cows Research in Veterinary Science 114 287–293
20-Miller, N.J., Rice-Evans, C., Davies, M.J., Gopinathan, V. and Milner, A., Clinical Science 1993 84, 407-412
21- Moeini, M,M ., Kiani, A., Mikaeili, E, Karami Shabankareh, H (2011) Effect of Prepartum Supplementation of Selenium and Vitamin E on Serum Se, IgG Concentrations and Colostrum of Heifers and on Hematology, Passive Immunity and Se Status of Their Offspring Biol Trace Elem Res (2011) 144:529–537
22-Moore, C. E., H. C. Hafliger III, O. B. Mendivil, S. R. Sanders, D. E. Bauman, and L. H. Baumgard. 2004. Increasing amounts of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) progressively reduces milk fat synthesis immediately post-partum. J. Dairy Sci. 87:1886-1895
23- Moradian1, M., Rahchmani, R., Banihasan, E, Gharebash , A.M and Zeighamy A    2016 The effect of injection of vitamins A and E on passive transfer of immunoglobulin G and some blood parameters in calf. J. of Ruminant Research, Vol. 4(2).
24-Osorio, J.S., Trevisi, E., Ballou, M.A., Bertoni, G., Drackley, J.K., Loor, J.J., 2013. Effect of the level of maternal energy intake prepartum on immunometabolic markers, polymorphonuclear leukocyte function, and neutrophil gene network expression in neonatal Holstein heifer calves. J. Dairy Sci. 96, 3573–3587
25-. Placer, Z.A., L.L. Cushman and B.C. Johnson. 1966. Estimation of product of lipid peroxidation (malonyl dialdehyde) in biochemical systems. Analytical Biochemistry. 16: 359-364
26-Payne, G.M. 1989. Metabolic and nutritional diseases of cattle. Blackwell Scientific Publications, oxford. Pp: 64-79.
27-.Qureshi, Z.I., Lodhi, L.A., Samad, H.A., Naz, N.A., and Nawaz, M. 2001. Hematological profile following immunomodulation during late gestation in buffaloes. J. Pakistan Vet. 21: 148-151
28-Rezaei Roodbari1, A. Towhidi A, Zhandi M., Reza Yazdi K,. Rahimi Mianji Gh and Khalilvandi- Behroozyar H. Effects of conjugated linoleic acid on glucose tolerance test and blood glucose changes of Holstein cows during transition period J. of Ruminant Research, Vol. 3(4), 2016(in Persian)
29-Saad, A. M, C. Concha, G. Astrom. 1989. Alteration in neutrophil phagocytosis and lymphocyte blastogenesis in dairy cows around parturition. J. Dairy Sci.36: 337 – 345.
30-Sigl et al. 2010, 52:16Rumen-protected conjugated linoleic acid supplementation to dairy cows in late pregnancy and early lactation: effects on milk composition, milk yield, blood metabolites and gene expression in liver Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica
31-Weiss, W. P., D.A. Todhunter, J. S.Hogan, and K. L. Smith. 1990. Effect of duration of supplementation of   selenium and vitamin E on peripartum dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci .73:2187.
32- Wiegand, B.R., Pompeu, D., Thiel-Cooper, R.L., Cunnick, J. EandParrish F,C Immune response and blood chemistry of pigs fed conjugated linoleic acid1J. Anim. Sci. 2011, 89:1588–1594.