نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد، گروه علوم طیور، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه علوم طیور، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

3 استاد، گروه علوم طیور، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

چکیده

تأثیر شش نوع برنامۀ خوراک‏دهی متناوب آردی‌ـ‌حبه بر عملکرد و حساسیت به آسیت با استفاده از 480 قطعه جوجۀ گوشتی در پنج تکرار و 16 پرنده در هر تکرار بررسی شد. تیمارها شامل 1. جیرۀ آردی، 2. جیرۀ آردی حرارت‌دیده، 3. جیرۀ آردی در دوره‌های آغازی و رشد و در ادامۀ جیرۀ حبه، 4. جیرۀ آردی در دورۀ آغازی و در ادامۀ جیرۀ حبه، 5. جیرۀ حبه، و 6. جیرۀ حبۀ آرد‌شده است. تغذیۀ جیرۀ حبه در کل دورۀ پرورش، مصرف خوراک و وزن را افزایش داد و موجب بهبود ضریب تبدیل ‏شد، اما حساسیت به آسیت افزایش یافت (01/0>P). جیره‌های آردی در تمام دورۀ پرورش کمترین افزایش وزن و نامناسب‌ترین ضریب تبدیل غذایی را ایجاد کردند (01/0>P). مصرف جیرۀ حبه در دورۀ پایانی با مصرف حبه در کل دوره و یا دوره‌های رشد و پایانی، ضریب تبدیل مشابه و مناسب‌تر از جیره‌های آردی داشت (01/0>P). مصرف جیره‌های آردی در چهار هفتۀ ابتدایی یا در کل دوره، حساسیت به آسیت را به‌طور معنی‌داری کاهش داد و با افزایش طول دورۀ تغذیه از جیرۀ حبه این شاخص افزایش داشت (01/0>P). در گروه‌های دریافت‏کنندۀ جیرۀ حبه کمترین هزینۀ خوراک برای تولید یک کیلوگرم وزن زنده و بالاترین سود ناخالص به‏دست آمد (05/0>P). به‌منظور استفاده از مزایای جیرۀ حبه و اجتناب از بروز تلفات زیاد و کاهش حساسیت به آسیت تغذیۀ جیرۀ آردی در دورۀ آغازی و استفاده از خوراک حبه در ادامه توصیه می‌شود. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Performance, ascites susceptibility and economic yield of broilers under intermittent mash-pellet feeding program

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Reza Amouyan Khaveh 1
  • Mohammad Amir Karimi Torshizi 2
  • Farid Shariatmadari 3

1 M.Sc., Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran

3 Professor, Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

Effect of intermittent mash-pellet feeding programs on broilers performance, ascites susceptibility and economic yield was studied using 480 broilers in six treatments and five replicates of 16 chicks per pen were used in a completely randomized design. Treatments including: 1. Mash feed, 2. Heated-mash feed, 3. Mash feed in starter and grower and pellet feed in finisher, 4. Mash feed in starter and pellet feed in grower and finisher, 5. Pellet feed, 6. Grinded-pellet feed. Pellet feeding increased the feed intake and body weight gain and improved the feed conversion ratio, although the ascites susceptibility increased (P<0.01). Mash feeds decreased the body weight gain and increased the feed conversion ratio (P<0.01). Feeding pellet in finisher resulted in the same feed conversion ratio with feeding pellet for whole period or grower and finisher periods, however feed conversion ratio in pellet fed birds was better than mash fed birds (P<0.01). Feeding pellet for whole period is necessary to obtain maximum feed intake and body weight gain. Feeding mash feed in the first four weeks or whole period reduced the ascites susceptibility (P<0.01). The ascites susceptibility increased by increase in pellet feeding length (P<0.01). Feeding pellet diets reduced the feed cost for a kg live weight production and the increased gross profit compared to mash diets (P<0.05). In order to use the benefits of pellet feed and avoid high mortality rates and ascites susceptibility, it is recommended to start with mash feed and fed pellet in growing and finisher periods.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • broiler
  • feed form
  • mash
  • Pellet
  • performance
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