اثر جاذب سم چندجزئی در جیره‌های آلوده به آفلاتوکسین B1 بر عملکرد رشد در دوره‌های مختلف پرورش، صفات لاشه و فراسنجه‌های ایمنی جوجه‌های گوشتی

بحری, یاسمین; مروج, حسین

doi:10.22059/jap.2024.371489.623777

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

¹ گروه علوم دامی، دانشکدگان کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران. رایانامه: yasmine.bahri@ut.ac.ir

² نویسنده مسئول، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکدگان کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران. رایانامه: hmoraveg@ut.ac.ir

https://doi.org/10.22059/jap.2024.371489.623777

چکیده

اثرات افزودن جاذب سم چند جزئی به جیرههای حاوی سم آفلاتوکسین B₁بر عملکرد رشد، صفات لاشه و فراسنجه‌های ایمنی جوجه‌های گوشتی با استفاده از 180 قطعه جوجه گوشتی نر یک‌روزه سویه تجاری راس 308، در نه تیمار، چهار تکرار و پنج قطعه جوجه در هر تکرار و با سه سطح جاذب سم (صفر، 5/0 و یک کیلوگرم در تن) و سه سطح آفلاتوکسین B₁ (صفر، 5/0 و یک میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم)به‌مدت 42 روز بررسی شد. نتایج نشان دادند که استفاده از سطح یک کیلوگرم در تن جاذب سم، تنها در سطح 5/0 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم سم آفلاتوکسین B₁ توانست تأثیر معنی‌داری بر کاهش اثرات منفی سم بر صفات عملکرد تولیدی مانند میانگین خوراک مصرفی روزانه و میانگین افزایش وزن روزانه در دوره پایانی و کل دوره پرورش، وزن زنده در کل دوره پرورش و وزن بورس فابرسیوس داشته باشد (05/0P<). با افزایش سطوح سم آفلاتوکسین B₁در جیره، وزن نسبی کبد، طحال، تعداد هتروفیل و نسبت هتروفیل به لنفوسیت افزایش یافتند (05/0P<). براساس نتایج حاصل، افزودن جاذب سم چندجزئی به میزان یک کیلوگرم در تن به جیرههای حاوی 5/0 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم سم آفلاتوکسین B₁ میتواند باعث بهبود صفات عملکرد رشد در دوره پایانی و کل دوره پرورش و وزن بورس فابرسیوس جوجه‌های گوشتی شود. برای پیشبینی میانگین افزایش وزن روزانه در کل دوره پرورش در جیرههای حاوی سطح یک کیلوگرم در تن جاذب سم و سطوح مختلف سم آفلاتوکسین B₁ میتوان از معادله تابعیت (Y= -15.133x + 64.319) با (75/0=R²) استفاده نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of a multi-component toxin binder in aflatoxin B1-contaminated diets on growth performance in different raising periods, carcass traits and immune parameters of broilers

نویسندگان [English]

Yasmine Bahri ¹
hossein Moravej ²

¹ Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran. E-mail: yasmine.bahri@ut.ac.ir

² Corresponding Author, Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran. E-mail: hmoraveg@ut.ac.ir

چکیده [English]

Introduction: Aflatoxin B₁ is the most dangerous form of aflatoxins that could be produced by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus molds. Contamination of feedstuffs with aflatoxins is problematic during the manufacturing, processing, storage, and transportation stages, and it has adverse effects on the health and productivity of poultry and human health. By using inorganic and organic toxin binders in poultry feed, aflatoxins are not allowed to be absorbed through the animal's digestive system, and it is considered a good solution to reduce their negative effects.
Materials and Methods: In this research, the effects of adding a multi-component toxin binder to diets containing aflatoxin B₁ were investigated on growth performance, carcass traits, and immune parameters of broilers, by using 180 one-day-old male broilers (Ross 308) in a 3×3 factorial arrangement in a completely randomized design with three levels of toxin binder (0.0, 0.5, and 1.0 kg/ton) and three levels of aflatoxin B₁ (0.0, 0.5, and 1.0 mg/kg) in nine treatments, four replications, and five chickens in each replicate.
Results and Discussion: The results showed that the using of 1.0 kg/ton of toxin binder significantly reduced the negative effects of 0.5 mg/kg of aflatoxin B₁on the average daily feed intake and weight gain in the finisher and entire production periods and the final live weight in whole production period (P<0.05). The regression equations (Y= -25.033x+ 65.734) with (R²= 0.97), (Y= -23.961x+ 64.844) with (R²= 0.91), and (Y= -15.133x+ 64.319) with (R²= 0.75) were obtained to predict the average daily weight gain of birds fed with treatments containing 0.0, 0.5, and 1.0 kg/ton of "Delta bond^®" toxin binder and different levels of aflatoxin B₁, respectively. Feeding chickens with diets containing aflatoxin B₁ significantly increased liver and spleen weights (P<0.05). All treatments containing 1.0 mg/kg of aflatoxin B₁ and treatments containing 0.5 mg/kg of aflatoxin B₁ and 0.0 and 0.5 kg/ton of toxin binder showed a significant decrease in the bursa of Fabricius weight compared to the other treatments (P<0.05). In addition, the treatment containing 1.0 mg/kg of aflatoxin B₁ without a toxin binder increased heart weight compared to the other treatments (P<0.05). In the case of immune parameters, the amount of heterophils and the ratio of heterophils to lymphocytes were significantly increased and the number of lymphocytes was significantly decreased as the aflatoxin B₁level increased (P<0.05). Furthermore, there were no significant effects for the main and interaction of aflatoxin B₁ and the toxin binder for the Newcastle antibody titer.
Conclusion: Based on the results, the addition of 1.0 kg/ton of a multi-component toxin binder to diets containing 0.5 mg/kg aflatoxin B₁ can improve the average daily feed intake and weight gain in the finisher and entire production periods, final live weight, and bursa of Fabricius weight of broilers.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Aflatoxin B1
Broilers
Carcass traits
Immune parameters
Toxin Binder

مراجع

بحری، یاسمین و مروج، حسین (1402). اثر جاذب سم چند جزئی در جیره‌های آلوده به آفلاتوکسین B1 بر عملکرد رشد، فراسنجه‌های خونی و بافت‌شناسی کبد جوجه گوشتی. نشریه تولیدات دامی، 25(2)، 183-199. https://doi.org/10.22059/jap.2023.349981.623709

پارسافر، مولود؛ محیطی اصلی، مازیار و فرزانه، محسن (1398). آثار جاذب‌های مختلف بر عملکرد و فراسنجه‌های کبدی جوجه‌های گوشتی تغذیه‌‌شده با جیره‌های ‏آلوده به آفلاتوکسین. علوم دامی ایران، 50 (4)، 329-339. https://doi.org/10.22059/ijas.2020.273823.653680

محسنی سلطانی، دانیال؛ آقاشاهی، علیرضا؛ اقدم شهریار، حبیب؛ ابراهیم نژاد، یحیی و حسینی، سید عبداله (1400). اثرات افزودن توکسین بایندرها و پری‌بیوتیک،‌ بر عملکرد جوجه‌های گوشتی تغذیه ‌شده با جیره‌های آلوده به آفلاتوکسین.B1 تولیدات دامی، 23 (3)، 409-420. https://doi.org/10.22059/jap.2021.314509.623577

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اثر جاذب سم چندجزئی در جیره‌های آلوده به آفلاتوکسین B1 بر عملکرد رشد در دوره‌های مختلف پرورش، صفات لاشه و فراسنجه‌های ایمنی جوجه‌های گوشتی

مراجع

مراجع

دوره 26، شماره 3مهر 1403صفحه 355-373

دوره 26، شماره 3
مهر 1403
صفحه 355-373