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اثر مقادیر بالای فیتاز در ترکیب با مکمل فایتوژنیکی در جیره‌های با سطوح کلسیم و فسفر کاهش یافته بر عملکرد رشد، قابلیت هضم مواد مغذی، ایمنی همورال و فراسنجه‌های خونی جوجه‌های گوشتی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران. رایانامه: Mousa.saadat@gmail.com

2 نویسنده مسئول، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران. رایانامه: mmotaghi@guilan.ac.ir

چکیده

این مطالعه با هدف بررسی تأثیر افزودن مقادیر مختلف فیتاز (صفر، 500 و 2000FTU) و دو سطح مکمل فایتوژنیکی (صفر و 200 میلی­گرم بر کیلوگرم خوراک) در دو سطح کلسیم (عادی=81/0، 72/0، 66/0؛ کاهش­یافته=71/0، 62/0 و 56/0درصد برای مراحل مختلف پرورش) و فسفر (عادی=36/0، 32/0 و 29/0درصد؛ کاهش­یافته=31/0، 27/0 و 24/0درصد برای مراحل مختلف پرورش) بر قابلیت هضم موادمغذی، ایمنی و برخی فراسنجه‌های خونی با استفاده از 672 قطعه جوجه­گوشتی نر یک­روزه سویه راس-308 به‌صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل 2×2×3 در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با دوازده تیمار و چهار تکرار انجام شد. افزودن فیتاز به جیره با کاهش کلسیم و فسفر سبب افزایش قابلیت­هضم فسفر نسبت به جیره با سطح عادی کلسیم و فسفر شد (05/0P<). کاهش کلسیم و فسفر خوراک و افزودن مکمل فایتوژنیکی سبب بهبود قابلیت هضم موادمغذی (به­جز پروتئین) و عملکرد رشد شد (05/0P<). افزودن 2000FTU فیتاز سبب بهبود قابلیت هضم موادمغذی و عملکرد رشد، افزایش فسفر و کاهش کلسیم خون نسبت به سطح صفر و 500FTU فیتاز گردید (05/0P<). افزودن 2000FTU  فیتاز به هر کیلوگرم خوراک سبب کاهش آنزیم­های آلکالین فسفاتاز و آلانین آمینوترانسفراز خون نسبت به سطح صفر و  500FTU و افزایش مجموع ایمونوگلوبولین­های سرم در 28 و 41 روزگی نسبت به سطح صفر شد (05/0P<). افزودن فیتاز و یا مکمل فایتوژنیکی سبب بهبود عیار آنتی­بادی علیه نیوکاسل در 41 روزگی شد (05/0P<). براساس نتایج این پژوهش، 2000FTU فیتاز نسبت به مقدار 500FTU و هم‌چنین افزودن مکمل فایتوژنیکی اثرات مثبتی بر قابلیت هضم موادمغذی، عملکرد رشد و ایمنی جوجه‌های گوشتی داشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of high amounts of phytase in combination with phytogenic supplement in diets with reduced calcium and phosphorus on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, humoral immunity and blood parameters of broiler chickens

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyed Mousa Saadat Mirqadim 1
  • Majid Mottaghitalab 2

1 Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran. E-mail: Mousa.saadat@gmail.com

2 Corresponding Author, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran. E-mail: mmotaghi@guilan.ac.ir

چکیده [English]

Introduction: Today, the use of enzymes to improve feed digestibility and achieve higher productivity has been considered as an effective strategy in the poultry industry. Phytase is an enzyme that is used in most commercial diets with the aim of breaking the bonds of phytic acid to increase the digestibility and absorption of nutrient. On the other hand, by carrying out breeding programs and subsequently reducing resistance to diseases due to the shift of nutrient for more production, more attention has been paid to immunity system and gut health. Therefore, gut health has a key role in the absorption of nutrient resulting from the activity of endogenous and endogenous enzymes. Hence, research in term of gut health modifiers such a prebiotics, probiotics, postbiotics, parabiotics and essential oils have increased. Among them, phytogenics have become more popular nowadays. Phytogenic supplements are known as their role on growth performance and increase profitability through improving microbiota balance and intestinal health. In addition to dietary phtoygenic supplemets, dietary calcium and phosphorus reduction is probablely effective tool led to phytase activity released nutrient. Results from studies have been showed that, slight decrease in the level of calcium and phosphorus is effective in increasing the efficiency of these mineral and gut health via reducing gut acidity. In the present study, effect of high amounts of phytase in combination with phytogenic additive in diets with reduced calcium and phosphorus on nutrient digestibility, humoral immunity and some related blood parameters of broiler chickens were investigated.
Materials and Methods: The 672 one-day-old male broilers of Ross 308 strain were assigned to 12 dietary treatments and four replicats in a 2x2x3 factorial arrangement with different amounts of phytase (zero, 500 and 2000 FTU) and two levels of phytogenic supplement (zero and 200 mg/kg of feed) on two dietary calcium (normal=0.81, 0.72, 66%; reduced=0.71, 0.62 and 0.56% for different phases) and phosphorus (normal = 0.36, 0.32 and 0.29%; reduced=0.31, 0.27 and 0.24% for different phases) in a completely randomized design.
Results and Discussion: Addition of phytase to the diets in combination to calcium and phosphorus reduction increased phosphorus digestibility compared to that normal diets (P<0.05). Increasing phytase from 0 to 500 and 2000 FTU increased digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, phosphorus, calcium and protein (P<0.05). The interaction effect of adding phytase enzyme along with decreasing the amount of calcium and phosphorus on the digestibility of calcium and phosphorus were significant (P<0.05), and the inclusion of phytogenic supplement at the levels of 500 and 2000 FTU of phytase per kg of feed increased phosphorus digestibility (P<0.05). Decreasing dietary calcium and phosphorus concentration and adding phytogenic additive, improved nutrient digestibility of nutrients except protein (P<0.05). Inclusion 2000 FTU of phytase in diets increased digestibility of nutrients and decreased blood calcium compared to the usual amount and diet without phytase (P<0.05). The blood concentratin  of alanine aminotransferase reduced by 2000 FTU of phytase compared to 0 and 500 FTU (P<0.05). Dietary addition of phytase decreased alkaline phosphatase (P<0.05). High levels of phytase inceasded total serum immunoglobulins at the age of 28 and 41 days compared to the zero level (P<0.05), but there was no difference compared to the 500 FTU. Addition of phytase or phytogenic supplement improved antibody level against Newcastle at the age of 41 days (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Based on the results of this research, 2000 FTU phytase compared to 500 FTU and adding phytogenic supplement had positive effects on nutrient digestibility, growth performance and immunity in broilers.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Blood parameters
  • Calcium and phosphorus concentration
  • Humoral immunity
  • Phytase
  • Phytogenic supplement
مراجع
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تولیدات دامی
دوره 26، شماره 3
مهر 1403
صفحه 335-354
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هم رسانی
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