نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم‌آباد، ایران. رایانامه: saremi.par@fa.lu.ac.ir

2 نویسنده مسئول، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم‌آباد، ایران. رایانامه: kiani.a@lu.ac.ir

3 گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم‌آباد، ایران. رایانامه: azizi.ay@lu.ac.ir

چکیده

در این مطالعه تأثیر استفاده از کندکننده خوراک (توری) بر مدت زمان مصرف خوراک، نرخ مصرف علوفه، قابلیت هضم ظاهری مواد مغذی، غلظت اسیدهای چرب فرّار، جمعیت باکتریایی، فعالیت آنزیم‌های سلولولیتیک و آنزیم آمیلاز در روده بزرگ اسب­ها با استفاده از هشت رأس اسب عربی (میانگین وزن 45 ± 396 کیلوگرم و میانگین سن 3±9 سال) در آزمایشی در دو دوره 28 روزه به‌صورت چرخشی بررسی شد. در هر دوره چهار رأس اسب بخش علوفه جیره را از طریق توری مصرف کردند. در روزهای 21 الی 28 هر دوره نمونه مدفوع از رکتوم اسب­ها تهیه شد. نتایج نشان داد که استفاده از توری سبب افزایش (05/0>P) زمان مصرف علوفه از 257 به 659 دقیقه در روز و کاهش (05/0>P) نرخ مصرف علوفه از 1592 به 610 گرم در ساعت شد. غلظت اسیدهای چرب فرّار تحت تأثیر توری قرار نگرفت. جمعیت باکتری­های لاکتوباسیلوس در اسب­های محدودشده با توری در مقایسه با اسب­های بدون توری افزایش یافت (05/0 >P). جمعیت باکتری­های سلولولیتیک، آمیلولیتیک، اشریشیاکلای و کلی­فرم­ها بدون تغییر ماند. فعالیت آنزیم کربوکسی متیل سلولاز با افزایش مدت دسترسی به علوفه افزایش یافت (05/0>P)، درحالی‌که فعالیت آنزیم­های میکروکریستالین سلولاز، آمیلاز و فعالیت تجزیه کاغذ صافی تحت تأثیر توری قرار نگرفت. براساس نتایج حاصل، استفاده از توری سبب افزایش مدت زمان مصرف خوراک، کاهش نرخ مصرف علوفه، تغییراتی در جمعیت باکتریایی و فعالیت برخی آنزیم‌های تجزیه‌کننده فیبر در روده بزرگ اسب­های بالغ می‌شود.  

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of slow-feed hay net on forage intake rate, concentration of volatile fatty acids, microbial population and activity of large intestinal enzymes of horse

نویسندگان [English]

  • Parvin Sareminejad 1
  • Ali Kiani 2
  • Ayoub Azizi 3

1 Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran. E-mail: saremi.par@fa.lu.ac.ir

2 Corresponding Author, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran. E-mail: kiani.a@lu.ac.ir

3 Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran. E-mail: azizi.ay@lu.ac.ir

چکیده [English]

Introduction The natural behavior of horses is to spend the most of their time foraging. The feeding time of stabled horses is often far from enough to fulfill their natural eating behavior. Hay-net technique is a method aiming to promote natural foraging behavior, slowing ingestion and increasing the length of feeding time. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of using a slow-feed (hay-net) on feeding time, forage intake rate, apparent digestibility, volatile fatty acids (VFA) concentration, bacterial population, and the activity of cellulolytic and amylolytic enzymes in the colon of horses.
Materials and Methods Eight Arabian horses (body weight= 396± 45 kg, age= 9±3 years) were used in a cross-over design. The length of the experimental period was eight weeks, which included two periods of four weeks in rotation. In each period, feed was provided for four horses freely and for other four horses using a hay net. Fecal samples were collected on days 21 to 28 of each period.
Results and Discussion The results showed that using hay net significantly increased feeding time from 257 to 659 minutes per day and decreased forage intake rate from 1592 and 610 g/h (P<0.05). The hay-net did not affect the total VFA and relative VFAs concentrations (P< 0.05). Lactobacillus populations in horses with hay-net increased compared to those without hay-net (P<0.05). The populations of cellulolytic, amylolytic, Escherichia coli, and coliforms bacteria were unchanged by hay-net. The activity of carboxy methyl cellulase enzyme significantly increased (P<0.05), while the activity of microcrystalline cellulase, amylase, and filter paper decomposition activity was not affected by hay-net.
Conclusion In comparison with the more traditional methods, slow-feed hay net devices successfully limited the forage intake rate, expanded feeding time, and changed the activity of some fiber-decomposing enzymes in the large intestine of horses; however, the recommendation of hay-nets for nutritional management in horses needs further investigations.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Arabian horse
  • Bacterial population
  • Equine nutrition
  • Forage-net
  • Large intestinal fermentation
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