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‌اثر جایگزین شیر با سطوح مختلف پروتئین خام بر ماده خشک مصرفی و عملکرد رشد بزغاله‌های شیرخوار نژاد سانن

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم دامی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی کرج، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، البرز، ایران

2 گروه علوم دامی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی کرج، دانشگاه تهران، البرز، ایران

3 پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ، دانشگاه تهران، تخصص: تغذیه نشخوارکنندگان

10.22059/jap.2023.352094.623717

چکیده

در مطالعه حاضر اثرات سطوح مختلف پروتئین‌خام در جایگزین شیر بر عملکرد بزغاله‌های شیرخوار نژاد سانن با استفاده از شانزده راس بزغاله ماده نژاد سانن 10 روزه با میانگین وزن 0/57±4/68 کیلوگرم در قالب یک طرح کاملا تصادفی با دو تیمار آزمایشی شامل جایگزین شیر با 22 درصد پروتئین خام (CP22) و جایگزین شیر با 28 درصد پروتئین خام (CP28) به مدت 60 روز بررسی شد. در این مطالعه، مقدار جایگزین شیر، خوراک آغازین و همچنین یونجه مصرفی بزغاله‌ها به صورت روزانه ثبت گردید و وزن بزغاله‌ها نیز به صورت هفتگی اندازه گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد که میانگین افزایش وزن روزانه برای تیمار CP28 در مقایسه با تیمار CP22 طی ماه اول، ماه دوم و در کل دوره آزمایشی بطور معنی داری بیشتر بود (p<0/05). همچنین وزن پایان دو ماهگی برای بزغاله‌های تیمار CP28 در مقایسه با تیمار CP22 به طور معنی داری (16/14 در مقابل 14/21 کیلوگرم) بیشتر بود (p<0/05). نتایج نشان داد که مقدار کل ماده خشک مصرفی روزانه طی کل دوره آزمایشی برای تیمار CP28 در مقایسه تیمار CP22 بیشتر بود (p<0/05). با عنایت به اینکه در مدیریت پرورش بزغاله‌های شیرخوار فراسنجه هایی همچون رشد سریع‌تر و افزایش وزن بالاتر اولویت بیشتری نسبت به ضریب تبدیل خوراک دارد بنابراین تغذیه جایگزین شیر با سطوح بالای پروتئین خام ( 28 درصد) به دلیل افزایش وزن روزانه بیشتر و متعاقبا وزن از شیرگیری بالاتر در بزغاله‌های نژاد سانن می تواند توصیه گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of milk replacer with different levels of crude protein on dry matter intake and growth performance of Saanen suckling goat kids

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sasan ghamari 1
  • Farhang Fatehi 2
  • Kamran Rezayazdi 3

1 Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture &amp; Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

2 Department of animal science, college of agricultural and natural resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

3 Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture &amp; Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

چکیده [English]

Introduction: The production of dairy goat breeds such as Saanen has become widespread in many countries and factors like the nutritional value of goat milk, high amounts of milk yield compared to body weight, and less methane gas production have played important role for the mentioned development. Previous studies have shown that reaching the insemination weight (35 kg) of replacement female goats is one of the most important points in the breeding of the dairy goat breeds. Subsequently, other studies have shown that improving growth and weight gain during suckling period reduces the time to reach the required weight and body size for insemination, the growth of mammary glands and increases milk production, and it is economically important. Protein is one of the factors which play important role in growth and body frame development of goats especially at life's early stages. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of different levels of crude protein in milk replacer on performance of Saanen suckling kids.
Material and Methods: Sixteen Saanen female kids with 10 days of age and 4.678± 0.57 kg of BW were randomly assigned to two experimental treatments, including milk replacer with 22% crude protein (22CP; milk replacer contain 22% crude protein) and milk replacer with 28% crude protein (28CP; milk replacer contain 22% crude protein plus 10 gram of whey protein concentrate per liter of milk replacer). The experimental kids were weaned at 64 days of age and during this time milk replacer, starter, and alfalfa hay intake of kids was recorded daily, and the weight of the goats was measured weekly.
Results and Discussion: The results showed that average daily weight gain of kids fed with 28CP treatment was significantly higher (P < 0.05) compared to the 22CP treatment during the first month, the second month and whole experimental period. Also, the kids body weight at the end of second month for 28CP treatment was significantly higher (P = 0.05) compared to the 22CP treatment (16.14 vs. 14.21 kg).  The amount of total dry matter intake (DMI) during the entire experimental period was higher (P < 0.05) for the 28CP treatment compared to the 22CP treatment (509.65 vs. 459.68 grams per day). There were no significant differences among the experimental treatments for the feed conversion ratio (FCR) during the first month, the second month and the entire experimental period. In fact, although the 28 CP treatment had a higher daily weight gain compared to the CP22 treatment, due to higher DMI, but it had a similar FCR compared to the CP22 treatment.
Conclusion: Results showed that feeding milk replacer containing high levels of crude protein (28%) can results to the higher average daily gain and subsequently heavier weaning weight in Saanen goat kids.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Crude protein
  • Growth Performance
  • Milk replacer
  • Saanen goat kids
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تولیدات دامی
دوره 25، شماره 2
تیر 1402
صفحه 145-154
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هم رسانی
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