نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده علوم دامی و صنایع غذایی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، اهواز، ایران،
2 نویسنده مسئول، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده علوم دامی و صنایع غذایی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، اهواز، ایران، رایانامه: s.salari@asnrukh.ac.ir
3 گروه مهندسی طبیعت، دانشکده کشاورزی شیروان، دانشگاه بجنورد، بجنورد، ایران،
4 گروه علوم پایه دامپزشکی، دانشکده دامپزشکی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، ایران،
چکیده
این مطالعه به‌منظور بررسی اندازه ذرات جو و مخمر اتولیز شده به همراه آنزیم بر عملکرد، سیستم ایمنی و قابلیت هضم ایلئومی با استفاده از 400 قطعه جوجه گوشتی مخلوط دو جنس دورگه راس 308 در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با آرایش فاکتوریل 2×4 و با 8 تیمار و 5 تکرار از سن 1 تا 35 روزگی انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل نوع افزودنی (بدون افزودنی، آنزیم، مخمر اتولیز شده و مخمر اتولیز شده به همراه آنزیم) و اندازه ذرات جو (ریز،2 میلی متر و درشت، 8 میلی متر) بودند. افزودن مخمر اتولیز شده و آنزیم، باعث بهبود ضریب تبدیل خوراک نسبت به تیمار بدون افزودنی گردید (p<0/05). مخمر اتولیز شده با اندازه ذرات درشت جو، سبب افزایش فاکتور بازدهی اروپایی، نسبت بازدهی انرژی و پروتئین نسبت به سایر تیمارها گردید (0/05>P). افزودن آنزیم چربی محوطه‌ی بطنی را نسبت به سایر تیمارها کاهش داد (p<0/05). مخمر اتولیز شده به‌همراه آنزیم باعث افزایش طول و درصد ماده خشک استخوان درشت‌نی نسبت به تیمار فاقد افزودنی شد (p<0/05). افزودن مخمر اتولیز شده به‌همراه آنزیم پاسخ ایمنی را نسبت به سایر تیمارها بهبود بخشید (p<0/05). مخمر اتولیز شده به همراه آنزیم، قابلیت هضم ایلئومی را نسبت به سایر تیمارها بهبود بخشید (05/0>P). مخمر اتولیز شده به تنهایی و به‌همراه آنزیم باعث کاهش میزان pH بستر، نسبت به تیمار دریافت کننده‌ی آنزیم به تنهایی و تیمار فاقد افزودنی گردید (0/05>P). در مجموع، می‌توان استفاده از مخمر اتولیز شده به همراه آنزیم را در جیره‌های حاوی جو جوجه‌های گوشتی توصیه نمود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Effect of barley particle size and autolyzed yeast with enzyme on performance, immune system and ileal digestibility of broiler chickens
نویسندگان [English]
- Leili Abdali 1
- Somayyeh Salari 2
- Mohammad Reza Ghorbani 3
- Shima Hossini Far 4
1 Department of Animal Science, Animal Science and Food Technology Faculty, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran
2 Department of Animal Science, Animal Science and Food Technology Faculty, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran
3 Department of Nature Engineering, Shirvan Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bojnord, Bojnord, Iran
4 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular, Veterinary Medicine Faculty, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
چکیده [English]
An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of autolyzed yeast with enzyme supplementation and barley particle size on energy and protein efficiency ratio, immune system and ileal digestibility with 400 one-day-old Ross 308 broiler chickens from both sexes in completely randomized design with factorial arrangement 2×4 with 8 treatments, 5 replicates from 1 to 35 days of age. The experimental treatments included type of additive (without additive, enzyme, autolyzed yeast and autolyzed yeast with enzyme) and barley particle size (fine (2 mm) and coarse (8 mm)). Supplementation of autolyzed yeast and enzyme improved FCR compared to the treatment without additives (P>0.05). Autolyzed yeast with coarse barley particles increased the European efficiency factor, energy and protein efficiency ratio compared to other treatments (P>0.05). Supplementation of enzyme led to a decrease in abdominal fat percentage compared to other treatments (P<0.05). Autolyzed yeast with enzyme increased the length and dry matter percentage of the tibia compared to the treatment without additives (P<0.05). Addition of autolyzed yeast with enzyme improved the response immune system compared to other treatments (P<0.05). Supplementation of autolyzed yeast with enzyme improved the ileal digestibility compared to other treatments (P<0.05). Addition autolyzed yeast alone and with enzyme decreased litter pH compared to the treatment receiving enzyme alone and the treatment without additive (P<0.05). As summary, autolyzed yeast with enzyme can be used to improve the performance of broiler chickens fed diets containing barley.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Abdominal fat
- Energy efficiency ratio
- European efficiency factor
- Litter
- Tibia
- Abdollahi MR, Perera WNU, Zaefarian F, Wester TJ and Ravindran V (2020 ( The interactive influence of barley particle size and enzyme supplementation on growth performance, nutrient utilization, and intestinal morphometry of broiler starters. Poultry Science, 99 (9): 4466-4478. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2020.05.040.
- Akhavan-Salamat H, Ghasemi HA, Khaltabadi-Farahani AH and Kazemi-Bonchenari M (2011 ( The effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae on performance and nutrients digestibility in broilers fed with diet containing different levels of phosphorous. African Journal of Biotechnology, 10 (38): 7526-7533.
- Amerah AM, Ravindran V, Lentle RG and Thomas DG (2008) Influence of feed particle size on the performance, energy utilization, digestive tract development, and digesta parameters of broiler starters fed wheat- and corn-based diets. Poultry Science, 87 (11): 2320-2328. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2008-00149.
- American Society of Agricultural Engineers (2003) Method of Determining and Expressing Fineness of Feed Materials by Sieving. In Agricultural Engineers Yearbook, 589. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural Engineers.
- AOAC (1990)Official Methods of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists. 12th ed. AOAC, Washington. DC, USA, 267-273.
- Chacher MFA, Kamran Z and Ahsan U (2017) Use of mannan oligosaccharide in broiler diets: an overview of underlying mechanism. Worlds Poultry Science Journal, 73 (4): 831-44. https://doi.org/10.1017/S00439339170 00757.
- Classen HL, Graham H, Inborr J and Bedford MR (1991) Growin interest in feed enzymes leads to new products. Feedstuffs, 634.
- Hosseini SM, Milwish N and Bahrampour, K (2017) The effect of grain tissue and xylanase on tibia bone characteristics of broiler chickens fed with wheat-based diets. The 6th scientific research congress for the development and promotion of agricultural sciences and natural resources in Iran, https://civilica.com/doc/911141. (In Persian).
- Jacob JP and Pescatore AJ (2012) Using barley in poultry diets- A review. Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 21 (4): 915-940. https://doi.org/10.3382/japr.2012-00557.
- Jaehrig SC, Rohn S, Kroh LW, Wildenauer FX, Lisdat F and Fleischer LG (2008) Antioxidative activity of (1 → 3), (1 → 6)-β-D-glucan from Saccharomyces cerevisiae grown on different media. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 41 (5): 868-877. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2007.06.004.
- Karimi K, Ganji P and Rezaipour V (2016) Comparison of two processing methods of barley grain irradiation with microwave and enzyme addition on growth efficiency, carcass traits and blood parameters in broiler chickens. Research on Animal Production, 7 (14): 52- http://dx.doi.org/10.29252/rap.7.14.60. (In Persian).
- Kim WK, Donalson LM, Herrera P, Wood Ward CL, Kubena LF, Nisbet DJ and Ricke SC (2004) Effects of different bone preparation methods (fresh, dry and fat-free dry) on bone parameters and the correlations between bone breaking strength and the other bone parameters. Poultry Science, 83 (10): 1663-1666. https://doi.org/10.1093/ps/83.10.1663.
- Lemon S, Caston L, Kiaei MM and Ray J (2000) Commercial Enzymes and Their Influence on Broilers Fed Wheat or Barley. Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 9 (2): 242-251. https://doi.org/10.1093/japr/9.2.242.
- Leshchinsky TV and Klasing KC (2001) Relationship between the level of dietary vitamin E and the immune response of broiler Poultry Science, 80 (11): 1590-1599. https://doi.org/10.1093/ps/80.11.1590.
- Macklin KS and McCrea BA (2006) Effect of Different Cleaning Regimens on Recovery of Clostridium perfringens on Poultry Live Haul Containers. Poultry Science, 85 (5): 909-913. https://doi.org/10.1093/ps/85.5.909.
- Mazhari M, Golian A and Kermanshahi H (2013) Use of wheat waste with and without enzyme supplement in the growth diet of broiler chickens. Iranian Journal of Animal Science Research, 5 (2): 84-94. (In Persian)
- Mtei AW, Abdollahi MR, Schreurs NM and Ravindran V (2019) Impact of corn particle size on nutrient digestibility varies depending on bird type. Poultry Science, 98 (11): 5504-5513. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pez206.
- Patterson JA and Burkholder KM (2003) Application of prebiotics and probiotics in poultry production. Poultry Science, 82 (4): 627-631. https://doi.org/10.1093/ps/82.4.627.
- Rebole A, Ortiz LT, Rodríguez ML, Alzueta C, Trevino J and Velasco S (2010) Effects of inulin and enzyme complex, individually or in combination, on growth performance, intestinal microflora, cecal fermentation characteristics, and jejunal histomorphology in broiler chickens fed a wheat- and barley-based diet. Poultry Science, 89 (2): 276-286. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2009-00336.
- Scott TA and Boldaji F (1997) Comparison of inert markers [chromic oxide or insoluble ash (Celite)] for determining apparent metabolizable energy of wheat- or barley-based broiler diets with or without enzymes. Poultry Science, 76 (4): 594-598. https://doi.org/10.1093/ps/76.4.594.
- Svihus B (2011) The gizzard: function, influence of diet structure and effects on nutrient availability. Worlds Poultry Science, 67 (2): 207-224. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0043933911000249.
- Uchenna Ahiwe E, Eldow Abdallh M, Peter Chang E, Omede AA, Al-Qahtani M, Gausi H, Graham H and Iji PA (2020) Influence of dietary supplementation of autolyzed whole yeast and yeast cell wall products on broiler chickens. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 33 (4): 579-587. https://doi.org/10.5713%2Fajas.19.0220.
- Van Soest PJ, Robertson JB and Lewis BA (1991) Methods for dietary fibre, neutral detergent fibre and non-starch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science, 74 (2): 3583-3597.
- Viliene V, Raceviciute-Stupeliene A, Bliznikas S, Pockevicius A, Nutautaite M and Sasyte V (2022) The impact of different inclusion levels of whole barley in feed on growth performance, carcass, and gastrointestinal traits of broiler chickens. Czech Journal of Animal Science, 67: 147-156. https://doi.org/10.17221/3/2022-CJAS.
- Zhang ZF, Zhou TX, Ao X and Kim IH (2012) Effects of bglucan and Bacillus subtilis on growth performance, blood profiles, relative organ weight and meat quality in broilers fed maize–soybean meal based diets. Livestock Science, 150 (1-3): 419-424. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2012.10.003.
)