نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد، سازمان جهاد کشاورزی لاهیجان، لاهیجان، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران

3 دانشیار، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت ، ایران

10.22059/jap.2022.341945.623689

چکیده

اثر وزن اولیه جوجه و تراکم مواد مغذی جیره بر عملکرد رشد و پاسخ ایمنی جوجه‌های گوشتی با استفاده از 360 قطعه جوجه گوشتی یک روزه سویه راس 308 (مخلوط دو جنس)، در یک آزمایش فاکتوریل 2×3، در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با شش تیمار، چهار تکرار و ۱5 پرنده در هر تکرار بررسی شد. وزن اولیه جوجه‌ها به صورت 1±42 گرم (وزن استاندارد)، 1±38 گرم (وزن سبک؛ 10 درصد کمتر از وزن استاندارد)، 1±46 گرم (وزن سنگین؛ 10 درصد بیشتر از وزن استاندارد) و تراکم مواد مغذی جیره به صورت پنج درصد کمتر از کاتالوگ راس 308 (جیره متعارف در ایران) یا طبق توصیه راهنمای راس 308 (جیره متراکم) گروه‌بندی شدند. جوجه‌های تغذیه شده با جیره متراکم نسبت به جوجه های تغذیه شده با جیره‌های متعارف، افزایش وزن روزانه بیشتر و ضریب تبدیل کمتری داشتند (05/0>P). اثر تراکم مختلف مواد مغذی جیره و وزن اولیه جوجه‌ها بر اجزای لاشه و وزن اندام‌های داخلی به جز قلب معنی‌دار نبود. جوجه‌هایی که جیره متراکم دریافت کردند و جوجه‌های سنگین دارای آنتی‌بادی بالاتری بر علیه گلبول قرمز گوسفندی بودند (05/0>P). جوجه‌های سبک که با جیره متراکم تغذیه شدند نسبت به جوجه‌های سبک که با جیره‌ متعارف تغذیه شدند دارای آنتی‌بادی کل بر علیه گلبول قرمز گوسفندی و ایمنوگلوبولین G بالاتری بودند (05/0P<). نتایج نشان می‌دهند که تغذیه جوجه‌های سبک با جیره متراکم سرعت رشد آنها را نسبت به جوجه‌های با وزن استاندارد یا سنگین بیشتر افزایش می‌دهد. همچنین، تغذیه جوجه‌های سبک با جیره‌های متراکم، می‌تواند پاسخ‌های ایمنی را بهبود بخشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of chicks’ initial weight and nutrient density of diet on growth performance and immune response of broilers

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohsen Zaker_Jafari 1
  • Mehrdad Mohammadi 2
  • Maziar Mohiti-Asli 3

1 Master, Agricultural jihad of Lahijan, Lahijan, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran

3 Associate Professor, Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran

چکیده [English]

The effect of chick initial body weight and dietary nutrients density on growth performance and immune response were investigated using 360 Ross 308 one-day-old straight run chicks (mixed sex) in a completely randomized design with 2×3 factorial arrangement of treatments, four replicates and 15 birds per replicate. The initial body weight of chicks was grouped as 42±1 g (standard weight); 38±1 g (light weight; 10% under standard weight); 46±1 g (heavy weight; 10% over standard weight) while the nutrients density of the diet was either 5% lower than the nutritional recommendation of Ross 308 (typical commercial diet in Iran), or as recommended by Ross 308 manual (high-density diet). Chickens fed the high-density diet had higher daily weight gain and lower conversion ratio than chickens fed the typical diets (P<0.05). The effect of dietary density and initial body weight of chicks on carcass components and weight of internal organs were not significant except for heart. Broilers fed the high-density diet and heavy weight had higher antibody titers to sheep red blood cell (P<0.05). Light chicks fed the high-density diets had greater total anti sheep red blood cell and immunoglobulin G titers than light chicks fed the typical diets (P<0.05). Results indicate that feeding light chicks with high-density diets increases their growth rate compared to the chicks with standard or heavy weights. Moreover, feeding diets with a high density of nutrients to light chicks can improve immune responses.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Carcass yield
  • Chick initial weight
  • Growth rate
  • Immune response
  • Nutrient density
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