نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم‌آباد، ایران
چکیده
در این مطالعه، ارزش تغذیه‌ای و گوارش‌پذیری تفاله گوجهفرنگی قبل و بعد از روغن‌گیری اندازه‌گیری شد. میزان لیکوپن تفاله گوجهفرنگی و نرخ ناپدید شدن شکمبه‌ای لیکوپن تعیین شد. در آزمایشی برون‌تنی در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی، میزان تولید گاز برای تفاله گوجهفرنگی قبل و بعد از روغن‌گیری اندازه‌گیری شد. میزان ناپدید شدن ماده‌خشک و لیکوپن تفاله گوجهفرنگی با استفاده از گاوهای فیستولادار در زمان‌های صفر، دو، شش، 12، 24، 36، 48 و 72 و 96 ساعت از انکوباسیون بررسی شد و فراسنجههای تجزیه‌پذیری شامل بخش سریع‌تجزیه، کند‌تجزیه، ثابت‌نرخ‌تجزیه، پتانسیل تجزیه‌پذیری و تجزیه‌پذیری‌موثر برآورد شدند. نتایج نشان داد مقدار لیکوپن در تفاله 168 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم ماده‌خشک بود. تفاله گوجهفرنگی روغن‌گیری‌شده دارای مقادیر بیش‌تری پروتئین‌خام، الیاف نامحلول در شوینده خنثی و اسیدی در مقایسه با تفاله گوجهفرنگی بود. فراسنجههای تولید گاز، گوارش‌پذیری ماده‌آلی و اسیدهای‌چرب کوتاه‌زنجیر تفاله روغن‌گیری شده بیش‌تر، ولی غلظت نیتروژن آمونیاکی آن کم‌تر از تفاله گوجهفرنگی بود. بخش سریع‌تجزیه، کند‌تجزیه، ثابت‌نرخ‌تجزیه، پتانسیل تجزیه‌پذیری و تجزیه‌پذیری‌موثر برای ماده‌خشک به ترتیب 32/9، 1/57، 07/0، 4/66 و 3/49 و برای لیکوپن 87/3، 1/42، 076/0، 9/45 و 1/34 بود. در نتیجه، میزان تجزیه‌پذیری لیکوپن در شکمبه حدود 30 درصد بود به این معنی که حدود 70 درصد لیکوپن از شکمبه عبور می‌کند. علاوه بر این، تفاله گوجهفرنگی روغن‌گیری شده ارزش خوراکی مناسبی برای استفاده در تغذیه نشخوارکنندگان را دارد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Determination of nutritive and digestibility values of tomato pomace before and after oil extraction in vitro and evaluation of ruminal disappearance of in situ
نویسندگان [English]
- Zahra Aminifard
- Ali kiani
- Arash Azarfar
, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
چکیده [English]
In this study, nutritional and digestibility value of tomato pomace before (TP) and after oil extraction (DTP) were measured. Lycopene content of TP and its rumen disappearance rate was determined. In a completely randomized design, gas production content of TP and DTP was measured in vitro. Ruminal disappearance of dry matter and lycopene of TP were determined at 0, 2, 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 72 and 96 hours of incubation using fistula cows. Ruminal degradability parameters including rapidly degraded fraction (a), slowly degraded fraction (b), fractional rate of degradation (c), potential of degradability (PD) and effective degradability (ED) were estimated. Results showed that lycopene content of TP was 168 mg/kg DM. DTP contained higher crude protein, NDF, and ADF than TP. De-oiled TP showed higher gas production, digestibility of organic matter and short-chain fatty acids and lower N-ammonia as compared to TP. The values for a, b, c, PD and ED for dry matter were 57.1, 0.07, 66.4 and 49.3% and for lycopene were 3.87, 42.1, 0.076, 45.9 and 34.1, respectively. In conclusion, ruminal degradability of lycopene was about 30% meaning that about than 70% of lycopene by-passes the rumen. Moreover, de-oiled tomato pomace has reasonable nutritive values to be used in ruminant nutrition.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Antioxidant
- Degradability
- Lycopene
- Oil
- Ruminants
- Tomato pomace
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