نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد،گروه علوم دام و طیور، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران
2 گروه علوم دام و طیور پردیس ابوریحان دانشگاه تهران - تخصص: تغذیه نشخوارکنندگان/ افزودنی‌ها در تغذیه دام/ نوتروژنومیکس
3 دانشیار،پژوهشکده کشاورزی، پژوهشگاه علوم و فنون هسته ای، کرج
چکیده
این مطالعه به‌منظور بررسی ویژگی‌های شیمیایی و تغذیه‌ای و تأثیر سیلاژ ذرت علوفه‌ای حاصل از بذر پرتوتابی‌شده با پرتو گاما بر عملکرد برههای نر پرواری زندی انجام شد. ابتدا ویژگی‌های جوانه‌زنی بذر ذرت شاهد و پرتوتابی‌شده با دزهای 25، 50، 100، 150 و 200 گری اندازه‌گیری شد. بعد از مشخص‌شدن دز مناسب، بذرهای مورداستفاده در دز 25 گری با پرتو گاما پرتودهی و در مزرعه کشت شدند. در انتهای دوره رشد، سیلاژ ذرت علوفه‌ای در سیلوهای آزمایشی و مزرعهای تهیه شد. هم‌چنین تأثیر سیلاژ تولیدی بر عملکرد و متابولیتهای خونی برههای پرواری زندی بررسی شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل جیره حاوی 20 درصد سیلاژ ذرت شاهد (پرتودهی‌نشده) و سیلاژ ذرت حاصل از پرتودهی بذر در دز 25 گری با اشعه گاما بود. پرتودهی با دز 25 گری باعث افزایش تعداد ریشه‌های ثانویه، ریشه‌چه و ساقه‌چه در شرایط گلخانه و محتوای کربوهیدراتهای محلول، پروتئین محلول و کلروفیل گیاه ذرت در شرایط مزرعه شد (05/0P<). سیلاژ حاصل از بذرهای پرتودهی‌شده با دز 25 گری اشعه گاما، pH کم‌تر و مقدار پروتئین خام بیش‌تری نسبت به گروه شاهد داشت (05/0P<). استفاده از سیلاژ ذرت پرتوتابی‌شده در جیره پرواری باعث بهبود وزن پایان دوره، میانگین افزایش وزن روزانه و ضریب تبدیل برهها شد (05/0P<). براساس نتایج این مطالعه، پرتوتابی بذر ذرت با پرتو گاما باعث بهبود کیفیت سیلاژ ذرت و عملکرد برههای پرواری می‌شود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
The study of chemical and nutritional characteristics of corn silage from seed exposed to gamma rays and its effect on the performance of finishing male Zandi lambs
نویسندگان [English]
- AliReza Shabani Monazam 1
- Mohammad Ali Norouzian 2
- Mahdi Behgar 3
- Azam Borzoie 3
1 Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Abouraihan, University of Tehran
2 Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Abouraihan, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
3 Agricultural, Medical and Industrial Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, Karaj
چکیده [English]
This study was conducted to investigate the chemical composition and nutritional characteristics of corn seeds exposed to gamma ray and the effect of
its silage feeding on performance of finishing male Zandi lambs. First, the germination characteristics of control and irradiated corn seeds with
different dosages of gamma ray (25, 50, 100, 150 and 200 gray) were measured. After determining the appropriate dose, corn seeds were irradiated
with gamma ray at 25 gray and cultivated in the field. At the end of the growth period, corn forage was harvested and ensiled in experimental and farm
silages. In addition, the effects of feeding experimental silages on performance and blood metabolites of finishing Zandi lambs were determined.
Experimental treatments were: 1) control; diet containing 20% non-irradiated corn silage and 2) diet containing 20% corn silage irradiated with 25
gray gamma ray. Irradiation with 25 dosage of gamma gray increased secondary roots, plumule and rootlet number in greenhouse condition as
compared to other irradiation dosages (P<0.01). Irradiated corn had higher levels of soluble carbohydrates, soluble protein and chlorophyll content in
the field condition compared to control group (P<0.01). Silage obtained from irradiated corn had higher crude protein content and lower pH compared
to control (P<0.05). Feeding irradiated corn silage increased final body weight and average daily gain and improved feed conversion ratio of fattening
lambs (P<0.05). Based on the results of the present study, irradiation of corn seeds with gamma ray improves corn silage quality and performance of
fattening lambs.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- corn forage
- finishing lamb
- gamma ray
- irradiation
- performance
B (2014) Effect of seed irradiation with
gamma ray on some physiological properties
and biochemical parameters of plants in two
species of Bromus inermis and B. tomentellus.
Marta, 8(2): 137-147.
2. Aly AA, Maraei RW and Ayadi S (2018)
Some biochemical changes in two Egyptian
bread wheat cultivars in response to gamma
irradiation and salt stress. Bulgarian Journal of
Agriculture Science, 24(1): 50-59.
3. AOAC International (1990) Official Methods
of Analysis. (15th ed.) AOAC International,
Arlington, VA.
4. Bal MA, Coors JG and Shaver RD (1997)
Impact of the Maturity of Corn for Use as
Silage in the Diets of Dairy Cows on Intake,
Digestion, and Milk Production. Journal of
Dairy Science, 80: 2497-2503.
5. Beyaz R, Kahramanogullari CT, Yildiz C,
Darcin ES and Yildiz M (2016) The effect of
gamma radiation on seed germination and
seedling growth of Lathyrus chrysanthus
Boiss. Under in vitro conditions. Journal of
Environmental Radioactivity, 162: 129-133.
6. Bradford MM (1976) A rapid and sensitive
method for the quantitation of microgram
quantities of protein utilizing the principle of
protein-dye binding. Analytical Biochemistry,
72: 248-254.
7. Delia M, Damian G, Cosma C and Cristea V
(2013) Gamma radiation effects on seed
germination, growth and pigment content, and
ESR study of induced free radicals in maize
(Zea mays). journal of biological physiccs, 39: 625-634. 8. Jan S‚ Parween T, Siddiqi TO and Zafar M
(2010) Gamma radiation effects on growth and
yield attributes of Psoralea corylifolia L. with
reference to enhanced production of psoralen.
Plant Growth Regulation, 64: 163-171.
9. Karimzadeh Soureshjani H, Bahador M, Tadayon
M and Ghorbani Dehkordi A (2019) Modelling
seed germination and seedling emergence of flax
and sesame as affected by temperature, soil bulk
density, and sowing depth. Industrial Crops and
Products, 141: 111770.
10. Kerepesi I, Toth M and Boross L (1996)
Water-soluble carbohydrates in dried plant.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,
44(10): 3235-3239.
11. Marcu D (2013) Gamma radiation effects on
seed germination, growth and pigment content,
and ESR study of induced free radicals in
maize (Zea mays). Journal of biological
physics, 39: 625-634.
12. Ørskov ER, Reid GW and Kay M (1988)
Prediction of intake by cattle from degradation
characteristics of roughages. Animal
Production, 46: 29-34.
13. Porra RJ (2002) The chequered history of the
development and use of simultaneous
equations for the accurate determination of
chlorophylls a and b. Photosynthesis Research,
73(1): 149-156.
14. Repetto J, Gonzalez J, Cajarville C, Alvir M
and Rodriguez C (2003) Relationship between
ruminal degradability and chemical
composition of dehydrated lucerne. Animal
Research, 52: 27-36.
15. Teguh W, Nugrahini S, Hardani W and Sugoro
I (2018) Low Irradiation Dose for Sorghum
Seed Sterilization: Hydroponic Fodder System
and In Vitro Study. Buletin Peternakan, 42 (3):
215-221.
16. Van Soest PJ, Robertson JB, Lewis BA (1991)
Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent
fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation
to animal nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science,
74: 3583-3597.
17. Verma AK, Sharma S, Kakani RK, Meena RD
and Choudhary S (2017) Gamma Radiation
Effects Seed Germination, Plant Growth and
Yield Attributing Characters of Fennel
(Foeniculum vulgare) Mill. International
Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied
Sciences, 6(5): 2448-2458.
18. Yang C, Gao P, Hou F, Yan T, Chang S, Chen
X and Wang Z (2018) Relationship between
chemical composition of native forage and
nutrient digestibility by Tibetan sheep on the
Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau. Journal of Animal
Science, 96: 140-1149.
)