نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشحوی دکتری،گروه علوم دامی دانشکده کشاورزی ، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران.
2 دانشیار،گروه علوم دامی دانشکده کشاورزی ، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران.
3 استاد،گروه علوم دامی دانشگاه بیرجند
چکیده
در این پژوهش، اثر افزودن مقدار یونجه خشک در جیره آغازین بر عملکرد، فراسنجههای خونی و سلامتی گوسالههای شیرخوار هلشتاین تغذیهشده براساس الگوی تغذیه شیر به روش کاهش مرحلهای با استفاده از تعداد 24 رأس گوساله هلشتاین ماده با سن 1±4 روزگی و وزن 3±2/41 کیلوگرم در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تیمار و هشت گوساله در هر تیمار به‌مدت 56 روز (تا زمان شیرگیری) بررسی شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی به‌ترتیب شامل 1- تغذیه شیر بدون استفاده از یونجه خشک، 2- تغذیه شیر و جیره آغازین بههمراه پنج درصد یونجه خشک (براساس ماده خشک جیره) و 3- تغذیه شیر و جیره آغازین بههمراه 10 درصد یونجه خشک (براساس ماده خشک جیره). بین تیمارهای آزمایشی از نظر مصرف ماده خشک، ضریب تبدیل خوراک، افزایش وزن روزانه، نمره مدفوع، شاخص‌های رشد اسکلتی و pH شکمبه تفاوتی مشاهده نشد. میزان پروپیونات در شکمبه گوسالههایی که با شیر و پنج درصد علوفه یونجه تغذیه شدند نسبت به تیمار شاهد و 10 درصد علوفه به‌طور معنیداری بیش‌تر بود (05/0>P). نسبت استات به پروپیونات در شکمبه گوسالههای تغذیهشده با شیر و پنج درصد علوفه یونجه به‌طور معنیداری بیش‌تر از گوسالههای سایر تیمارها بود (05/0>P). غلظت بتاهیدروکسی بوتیرات پلاسما گوسالههای تغذیهشده با جیره آغازین حاوی پنج درصد یونجه خشک بیش‌تر از گوسالههای سایر تیمارها بود (05/0>P). براساس نتایج این پژوهش، جایگزینی بخشی از جیره آغازین گوسالههای شیرخوار تغذیهشده با مقادیر بالای شیر، با علوفه یونجه سبب بهبود توسعه شکمبه آن‌ها میشود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
The effect of different levels of alfalfa hay in the starter diet on performance, blood parameters and health of Holstein dairy calves fed with high amounts of milk
نویسندگان [English]
- Seide narges Tabatabai far 1
- mohammad reza dehghani 2
- mohammad hassan fathi nasari 3
1 Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture University of Zabol,,Zabol, Iran
2 faculty member department of animal science , university of Zabol
3 department of animal science birjand of university
چکیده [English]
In this research, the effect of increasing the amount of alfalfa hay in the starter diet on the performance, blood parameters and health of Holstein dairy calves fed according to the milk feeding pattern by step down method using 24 female Holstein calves with 4±1 day of age and birth weight of 41.2 ±3 kg were studied in a completely randomized design with three treatments and eight calves in each treatment for 56-days (until weaning). Experimental treatments include: 1) feeding milk without alfalfa hay, 2) feeding milk with five percent of alfalfa hay (based on dry matter of the diet) and 3) feeding milk with 10 percent of alfalfa hay (based on dry matter of the diet). there was no difference between experimental treatments in terms of dry matter intake, feed conversion ratio, daily weight gain, fecal score, skeletal growth indices and ruminal pH. The concentration of propionate in the rumen of calves fed with milk and five percent alfalfa hay was significantly higher than the control and 10 percent forage treatments (P <0.05). The ratio of acetate to propionate in the rumen of calves fed milk and five percent alfalfa forage was significantly higher than of calves of other treatments. Plasma beta-hydroxybutyrate concentration was higher in calves fed the starter containing five percent of dry alfalfa than calves in other treatments (P <0.05). According to the results of this study, replacing part of the starter of dairy calves fed with high amounts of milk and alfalfa hay improves their rumen development.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Blood Albumin"؛ Beta-Hydroxy butyrate
- "؛ "؛ Daily Weight Gain"؛
- "؛ Forage amount"؛ Milk Feeding Pattern"؛
- "؛ Milking Calves"؛
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