نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد- دانشکده کشاورزی- دانشگاه ایلام
2 عضو هیات علمی گروه علوم دامی دانشگاه ایلام، تخصص: تغذیه طیور/ مرغ مادر
3 مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ایلام - تخصص: مدیریت پرورش طیور/ تغذیه طیور
چکیده
تاثیر مکمل والین بر عملکرد، ایمنی و شاخصهای رفتاری جوجههای گوشتی تحت تنش گرمایی با 420 قطعه جوجه گوشتی سویه راس-308 (مخلوط مساوی نر و ماده) در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با شش تیمار، پنج تکرار و 14 جوجه در هر تکرار بررسی شد. گروههای آزمایشی عبارت بودند از: شاهد مثبت (جیره پایه در دمای توصیه شده سویه راس)؛ شاهد منفی (جیره پایه تحت تنش گرمایی)؛ و گروههای تحت تنش گرمایی و تغذیه شده با جیره پایه مکمل شده با پنج، 10، 15 و 20 درصد والینِ مازاد بر نیاز سویه راس. تنش گرمایی سبب کاهش وزن بدن، خوراک مصرفی و شاخص کارایی اروپایی، تیتر آنتیبادی علیه ویروس نیوکاسل، درصد لنفوسیت، غلظت پروتئین کل سرمی، فعالیت آلکالین فسفاتاز سرمی و فعالیت لاکتات دهیدروژناز سرمی و افزایش درصد هتروفیل، افزایش نسبت هتروفیل به لنفوسیت، افزایش دمای مقعدی و افزایش زمان لازم برای ایستادن جوجهها بعد از تست عدم تحرک شد، ولی پنج درصد مکمل والین سبب بهبود افزایش وزن در دوره رشد و کل دوره و افزایش شاخص کارایی اروپایی در کل دوره، مکمل 10 درصد والین منجر به بهبود وزن نسبی ران و سینه، مکمل 15 و 20 درصد والین منجر به افزایش درصد لنفوسیت و کاهش هتروفیل شد (05/0 >P ). براساس نتایج حاصل، افزودن پنج درصد مکمل والین وزن بدن و ضریب تبدیل جوجههای گوشتی تحت تنش گرمایی را بهبود می دهد و در سطوح بالاتر (15 و 20 درصد) سبب بهبود درصد سلولهای ایمنی می شود اما بر فراسنجههای ایمنی همورال و تست عدم تحرک جوجههای گوشتی تأثیر ندارد.
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Effect of Valine Supplementation on Growth Performance, Immune Response, Blood Metabolites and Behavioral Indices of Broiler Chickens Exposed to Heat Stress
نویسندگان [English]
- Farzad Bastami 1
- Ali Khatibjoo 2
- Saifali Varmaghany 3
1 PhD student of Poultry Nutrition- Faculty of agriculture - Ilam University
2 Department of Animal Science, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Animal Science Research Department, Ilam Agriculture and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Ilam, Iran.
چکیده [English]
The effects of valine supplementation on performance, immunity and behavoural indices of broiler chickens reared under heat stress condition was evaluated. Total of 420 male and female Ross-308 broiler chickens were allocated to 6 treatments with 5 replicates in a completely randomized design. Experimental groups were as fallows: positive control (fed basal diet and reared under Ross-308 recommended rearing temperature), Nagative control (fed basal diet and reared under heat stress (HS)), and four treatment groups fed basal diet supplemented with 5, 10, 15 and 20 percent valine above the Ross-308 valine recommendation and reared under HS. Heat stress significantly decreased feed intake, body weight and European production efficiency factor (EPEF), antibody titer against NewCastle, lymphocyte percentage, serum total protein concentration and alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase activities and increased heterophile percentage, heterophile to lymphocyte ratio, rectal temperature and tunic immobility of broiler chickens (P < 0.05), but 5% valine supplementation improved BW of broiler chicken at the end of grower and BW and EPEF at the end of total period; 10% valine supplementation increased relative weight of breast and thigh muscle and 15 and 20% valine supplementation increased lymphocyte and decreased heterophile percentage as compared to control group (P < 0.05). In conclusion, 5% valine supplementation improved final body weight and feed convertion ratio of heat-stressed broiler chikens and 15 and 20% valin inclusion improved blood immune cell percentages but had no effect on humoral immune response and tunic immobility test of HS broiler chickens.
کلیدواژهها [English]
- Broiler chickens
- Heat stress
- Immunity
- Performance
- Valine
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