نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران.
2 استاد، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران.
3 استادیار پژوهشی، بخش تحقیقات علوم دامی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان چهارمحال و بختیاری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، شهرکرد، ایران.
4 استادیار، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران.
چکیده
هدف از انجام پژوهش حاضر بررسی تأثیر کاهش سطح پروتئین خام جیره با افزودن متیونین (pMet) و لیزین محافظت‌شده شکمبهای (pLys) بر مصرف خوراک، تولید شیر، وضعیت متابولیکی و قابلیت هضم مواد مغذی گاوهای تازه‌زای هلشتاین بود. تعداد 16 رأس گاو هلشتاین تازهزا با وضعیت امتیاز بدنی و تعداد زایش مشابه بلافاصله پس از زایش به‌صورت تصادفی به دو جیره آزمایشی اختصاص یافتند. جیره‌ها مقادیر برابری از لیزین (131 گرم در روز) و متیونین (40 گرم در روز) را فراهم کردند. تیمارهای آزمایشی عبارت بودند از تیمار با سطح بالای پروتئین حاوی 18/35 درصد پروتئین بدون افزودن pMet و pLys وتیمار با سطح پایین پروتئین حاوی 16/45 درصد پروتئین حاوی pMet و pLys (LPML). خوراک مصرفی و تولید شیر طی دوره تازهزا ثبت شدند. نمونه‌های خون در روز زایش، سه، هفت، 14 و 21 پس از زایش جهت اندازه‌گیری مواد معدنی و متابولیتهای سرم جمعآوری شدند. خوراک مصرفی تحت تأثیر تیمارهای آزمایشی قرار نگرفت. اما تولید شیر در گاوهای HP در مقایسه با LPML بالاتر بود (0/01>P). مقدار پروتئین، لاکتوز، چربی و MUN در گاوهای HP در مقایسه با LPML بالاتر بود (0/05>P). گاوها در LPML غلظتهای پایینتری از نیتروژن اورهای خون و غلظتهای بالاتری از پروتئین کل و گلوبولین سرم در مقایسه با گاوهای HP داشتند (0/01>P). براساس نتایج حاصل، کاهش سطح پروتئین جیره گاوهای تازهزا همراه با حفظ عرضه اسیدهای آمینه محدودکننده، عملکرد تولیدی و بازده استفاده از خوراک را کاهش می‌دهد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
The effect of decreasing dietary protein content with supplementing protected methionine and lysine on performance and serum metabolites in Holstein fresh cows
نویسندگان [English]
- Fateme Ahamadi 1
- hamid Amanlou 2
- Najme Eslamian Farsuni 3
- Tahere Amirabadi Farahani 4
1 . دانشجوی دکتری- گروه علوم دامی-دانشکده کشاورزی- دانشگاه زنجان- زنجان- ایران.
2 Professor, Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
3 Department of Animal Science, Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Center, Shahrekord, Iran
4 Assistant Professor, Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran.
چکیده [English]
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of decreasing dietary protein content with supplementing protected methionine (pMet) and lysine (pLys) on intake, milk yield, metabolic status, and apparent digestibility of nutrients in Holstein fresh cows. Immediately after calving, 16 cows with the similar BCS and parity were randomly assigned to two treatments. Experimental diets provided equal amounts of lysine (132 to 133 g/d) and methionine (40 to 43 g/d). The treatments were: a diet containing 18.35 % CP without supplementing pMet and pLys (HP); and a diet containing 16.45 % CP with supplementing rumen-protected amino acids (LPML). Individual dry matter intake and milk yield were recorded daily during fresh period. Blood samples were collected at 0, 3, 7, 14 and 21 d after calving to determine the serum concentrations of mineral and metabolites. Feed intake was not affected by experimental diets but milk yield was higher for HP cows than cows in LPML (P < 0.01). The yield of milk protein, lactose, fat and concentration of milk urea nitrogen (MUN) were higher in HP cows compared to LPML (P < 0.05). Compared to HP cows, cows in LPML had lower blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and higher serum concentrations of total protein and globulin (P < 0.01). Based on the results of the present study, reducing dietary protein content while maintaining the supply of limiting amino acids decreased lactational performance and feed efficiency of Holstein fresh cows.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Crud protein
- Fresh cow
- Lysine
- Methionine
- Performance
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