نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استادیار،گروه علوم دامی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران.
2 دانش آموخته دکتری، گروه تغذیه دام، دانشکده علوم دامیف؟دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان
3 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه تغذیه دام، دانشکده علوم دامی،دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان
چکیده
تأثیر تغذیه کنجاله پنبه‌دانه تخمیری بر عملکرد، صفات کیفی تخم‌مرغ، جمعیت میکروبی دستگاه گوارش و فراسنجه‌های خون با استفاده از 648 قطعه مرغ تخمگذار های-لاین W-36 در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با نه تیمار، شش تکرار و 12 قطعه مرغ در هر تکرار بررسی شد. کنجاله پنبه‌دانه خام با کشت مخلوط مایع حاوی باکتری‌های لاکتوباسیلوس پلانتاروم، باسیلوس سابتیلیس و مخمر ساکارومایسس سرویسیه با نسبت یک به 1/2 تخمیر شد.تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل جایگزینی 7/5، 15، 22/5 و 30 درصد کنجاله پنبه‌دانه خام و یا تخمیری با کنجاله سویا در جیره غذایی بود. پس از هفت روز تخمیر، محتوای گوسیپول آزاد از 985 به 107 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم کنجاله کاهش یافت (0/05>P). استفاده از سطوح مختلف کنجاله پنبه‌دانه تخمیری در جیره سبب افزایش درصد تولید تخم‌مرغ و توده تخم‌مرغ و کاهش ضریب تبدیل خوراک در مقایسه با کنجاله پنبه‌دانه خام شد (0/05>P). مقاومت پوسته تخم در مرغ‌های تغذیه شده با جیره‌های حاوی کنجاله پنبه‌دانه تخمیری بالاتر از پرندگان شاهد و مرغ‌های دریافت کننده جیره‌های حاوی پنبه‌دانه خام بود (0/05>P). تغذیه جیره‌های حاوی سطوح مختلف کنجاله پنبه‌دانه تخمیری سبب افزایش جمعیت باکتری‌های اسید لاکتیکی در چینه دان و سکوم مرغ‌های تخمگذار شد (0/05>P). مقدار کلسترول خون در پرندگانی که جیره حاوی کنجاله پنبه‌دانه تخمیری دریافت کردند کمتر از سایر پرندگان بود (0/05>P). بها توجه به نتایج این حاصل جایگزینی کنجاله سویا با کنجاله پنبه‌دانه تخمیری تا 30 درصد ببدون تأثیر منفی بر عملکرد، سبب بهبود ضخامت پوسته تخم‌مرغ، جمعیت میکروبی دستگاه گوارش و کاهش کلسترول سرم در مرغ های تخمگذارمی‌شود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Effect of different levels of raw and fermented cottonseed meal on performance, gastrointestinal microbial population, and some blood parameters of laying hens
نویسندگان [English]
- Hossein Mohebodini 1
- amin ashayerizadeh 2
- vahid jazi 3
1 Department of Animal Science, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
2 Department of Animal and Poultry Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
3 Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources
چکیده [English]
The effects of feeding fermented cottonseed meal on performance, egg quality characteristics, gastrointestinal microbial population, and blood serum parameters were studied in a completely randomized design with nine treatments, six replicates, and 12 birds per replication using 648 Hy-Line W-36 laying hens. Raw cottonseed meal was fermented with a liquid mixed culture containing Lactobacillus plantarum, Bacillus subtilis, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae with a ratio of one to 1.2. The experimental treatments included replacing 7.5, 15, 22.5, and 30 percent of the raw or fermented cottonseed meal with soybean meal in the diet. After seven days of fermentation, free gossypol content of cottonseed meal was reduced from 985 to 107 mg/kg (P<0.05). The use of different levels of fermented cottonseed meal in the diet increased egg production percentage and egg mass and decreased feed conversion ratio compared to raw cottonseed meal (P <0.05). The eggshell strength in hens fed diets containing fermented cottonseed meal was higher than control birds and chickens receiving diets containing raw cottonseed (P <0.05). Feeding the diets containing different levels of fermented cottonseed meal significantly increased lactic acid bacteria population in crop and cecal of laying hens (P <0.05). Blood cholesterol concentration was lower in birds receiving diets containing fermented cottonseed meal than in other birds (P <0.05). The results of this research showed that replacing fermented cotton meal up to 30% with soybean meal in the diet of laying hens improves the parameters of eggshell quality, microbial flora in the gastrointestinal tract, and blood cholesterol of laying hens without negatively affecting performance.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Cottonseed meal
- Cholesterol
- Free gossypol
- Laying hens
- Microbial fermentation
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