نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشیار،هیات علمی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان- تخصص تغذیه طیور
2 دانشیار،دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی رامین خوزستان، تخصص: تغذیه نشخوارکنندگان/ میکروبیولوِزی شکمبه/ آشنایی کامل با روشهای آزمایشگاهی
3 دانشجوی دکتری، خوزستان، ملاثانی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، گروه علوم دامی، محمدرضا قربانی
چکیده
هدف از این پژوهش بررسی تأثیر استفاده از هسته خرمای عمل‌آوری‌شده در جیره بر عملکرد جوجه‌های گوشتی بود. در این آزمایش از 280 قطعه جوجه‌گوشتی، در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با هفت تیمار و چهار تکرار استفاده شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل 1- شاهد (جیره بدون هسته خرما)؛ 2- جیره حاوی 10 درصد هسته خرمای خام و سه تا هفت - به‌ترتیب 10 درصد هسته خرما که با فشار و بخار، سود، باکتری لاکتوباسیلوس فرمنتوم، باکتری باسیلوس سابتیلیس و قارچ آسپرژیلوس نایجر عمل‌آوری شدند. هسته‌های فرآوری‌شده نسبت به هسته خام، پروتئین خام بالاتر و چربی خام (به‌جز تیمار سود) پایین‌تری داشتند (p <0/05). میزان خوراک مصرفی، افزایش وزن بدن، ضریب تبدیل خوراک و جمعیت میکروبی روده‌کور جوجه‌های گوشتی تحت تأثیر تیمارهای آزمایشی قرار نگرفت. طول روده کوچک پرندگان تغذیه‌شده از جیره‌‌‌‌‌های حاوی هسته عمل‌آوری‌شده با فشار و بخار و سود نسبت به پرندگانی که جیره حاوی هسته خرمای عمل‌آوری‌شده با قارچ و یا جیره بدون هسته خرما تغذیه کردند کم‌تر بود (p <0/05). بیش‌ترین میزان ماده خشک ﺑﺴﺘﺮ و کم‌ترین مقدار خاکستر فضولات در گروه تغذیه‌شده با جیره حاوی پودر هسته خام ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪ (p <0/05). براساس نتایج حاصل در این تحقیق، نوع عمل‌آوری هسته خرما تأثیری بر عملکرد و جمعیت میکروبی روده‌کور جوجه‌های گوشتی ندارد. لذا با توجه به هزینه بالای عمل‌آوری، و اثرات مطلوب تغذیه هسته خام بر کیفیت بستر، استفاده از هسته خام خرما در جیره جوجه‌های گوشتی پیشنهاد می‌شود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Effect of using processed date pit with different methods in diet on broiler performance
نویسندگان [English]
- Mohammad Reza Ghorbani 1
- tahereh mohammadabadi 2
- Hadis Mirzaei 3
1 Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Ahvaz, Iran.
2 Ramin Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Ahwaz, Mollasani - Iran
3 Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan
چکیده [English]
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of processed date pit on broiler performance. In this experiment, 280 broiler chicks were used in a completely randomized design with seven treatments and four replicates. The experimental treatments were: 1- control (diet without date pit), 2- 10 percent raw date pit, and treatments 3 to 7- were 10 percent date pit that processed with steam pressure, NaOH, and fermented with Lactobacillus fermentum, Bacillus subtilis, and Aspergillus niger respectively. The crude protein content of processed date pit was higher, and the ether extract content was lower (exept NaOH) than raw date pit (p < 0.05). The feed intake, body weight gain, feed conversion ratio and cecal microbial population of broiler chickens were not affected by experimental treatments. The small intestine length of birds that fed diets containing processeddate pit with steam pressure and NaoH was significantly reduced in comparison with birds resived diets containing fermented date pit with Aspergillus niger and without date pit (p < 0.05). The highest amount of litter dry matter and lowest amount of excreta ash was observed in groups fed diet containing raw date pit (p < 0.05). According to the results of this study, the processing methods of date pit has no effect on broiler performance and cecal microbial population. Therefore, due to the high cost of processing, and the favorable effects of feeding raw date pit on broiler litter quality, the use of raw date pit in broilers diet is recommended.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Broilers
- date pit
- fermentation
- nutritional value
- processing
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