نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته دکتری، گروه علوم دامیف دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه ، ایران.

2 استادیار، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، یران.

3 دانشیار، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران.

چکیده

هدف این تحقیق مقایسه اثر نمک‌های ‌کلسیمی حاوی اسیدهای چرب اشباع و غیراشباع بر عملکرد گاوهای ‌شیری در دورۀ انتقال بود. در این تحقیق در قالب یک طرح کاملا تصادفی، از 32 رأس گاو هلشتاین شکم دوم به بعد با میانگین وزن 39/94± 723 در دوره زمانی سه هفته پیش از زایش تا سه هفته پس از زایش استفاده شد. جیره‌های آزمایشی شامل؛ 1) جیره شاهد؛ بدون مکمل چربی، 2) جیره دارای مکمل چربی غیراشباع، 3) جیره حاوی مکمل چربی اشباع و 4) جیره حاوی مخلوط مساوی از هر دو مکمل بودند. مکمل‌های چربی به شکل نمک های کلسیمی، در جیره‌های پیش از زایش 1/5 درصد و در جیره‌های پس از زایش سه درصد در نظر گرفته شد. نتایج نشان داد که میزان ماده خشک مصرفی پیش از زایش، وزن و امتیاز وضعیت بدنی پیش و پس از زایش تحت تاثیر جیره های آزمایشی قرار نگرفتند، در حالی که میزان ماده خشک مصرفی پس از زایش در بین جیره های حاوی اسیدهای چرب اشباع و یا مخلوط اسیدهای چرب بیش تر بود(0/05>P). تغذیه جیره حاوی اسیدهای چرب اشباع و غیر اشباع در پیش از زایش قابلیت هضم ماده خشک و چربی را افزایش داد (p<0/01). چس از زایش قابلیت هضم ماده خشک جیره های آزمایشی حاوی اسیدهای چرب غیراشباع و مخلوط اسیدهای چرب اشباع و غیراشباع از جیره شاهد بیشتر بود(p<0/05). فراسنجه های خونی، تولید شیر و ترکیبات آن تحت تاثیر جیره های آزمایشی پیش و پس از زایش قرار نگرفتند. بنابراین استفاده از منبع چربی در قالب نمک های کلسیمی می تواند بدون ایجاد آثار منفی بر عملکرد گاوها دوره انتقال سبب بهبود قابلیت هضم موادمغذی در دستگاه گوارش شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of using calcium salts of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids on cow performance during the transition period.

نویسندگان [English]

  • Amir Hossein Rezakhani 1
  • Younes Ali Alijoo 2
  • Kamran Rezayazdi 3

1 Faculty Member of Imam Khomeini Training Center of Agriculture Jihad

2 Faculty Member of Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University

3 Campus of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, specialty:Ruminants Nutritionist

چکیده [English]

This study was carried out to assess the effects of two types of fatty acids-calcified salts on the performance of dairy cows in the transition period. In total, 32 multiparous Holstein cows with body weight mean of 723=39.9 kg in a 6-week time range (three weeks before until three weeks after parturition) were assigned to treatments in a completely randomized design. There were four diets including control (without fat supplement), diet supplemented with unsaturated fat, diet supplemented with saturated fat and diet supplemented with both unsaturated and saturated fats. Fat supplements as calcium salts were applied at the level of 1.5% and 3% in the pre-partum and post-partum diets,
respectively. Based on the results, it turned out that pre-partum DM feed intake, post-partum body weight and body condition score were not affected by the diets, whereas, post-partum DM feed intake appeared to be different (p < 0.05). In addition, the digestibility coefficient appeared to be different among pre- and post-partum trial diets (p < 0.05). However, no significant difference was observed for blood parameters as well as milk yield and its composition. In conclusion, the results revealed that fat sources as calcium salt supplements can improve the digestibility of nutrients in the digestive system, without any adverse-effects on performance in dairy cows.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • dry matter intake
  • milk yield and components
  • saturated fatty acids
  • transition cows
  • unsaturated fatty acids
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