نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه گنبد کاووس، گنبد کاووس - ایران

2 استادیار، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه گنبد کاووس، گنبد کاووس - ایران

3 استادیار، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه گنبد کاووس، گنبد کاووس - ایران.

4 استادیار، گروه بهداشت و مواد غذایی، دانشکده دامپزشکی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان - ایران

چکیده

به منظور مقایسه تاثیر روش‌های مختلف از شیرگیری بر مصرف خوراک، افزایش وزن، شاخص‌های رشد اسکلتی، فراسنجه‌های خونی و بازده اقتصادی، از 24 رأس گوساله ماده هلشتاین در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی استفاده شد. گوساله‌ها پس از تولد به طور تصادفی به یکی از سه روش از شیرگیری: 1) بر اساس مقدار ماده خشک مصرفی، 2) بر اساس وزن و 3) بر اساس سن اختصاص داده شدند. اندازه‌گیری ماده خشک مصرفی و ثبت نمره مدفوع به صورت روزانه و وزن‌‌کشی گوساله به صورت هفتگی و نمونه-گیری خون در سنین 21، 42، 60 و90 روز‌گی، سه ساعت پس از تغذیه صبح، انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که بین روش‌های از شیرگیری از نظر میانگین سن از شیرگیری و مصرف شیر اختلاف معنی‌داری وجود داشت (05/0P). از نظر هزینه شیر مصرفی و هزینه کل (شیر+ خوراک) و هزینه خوراک به ازاء هر کیلوگرم افزایش وزن روزانه بین گروه‌ها اختلاف معنی‌داری وجود داشت (05/0>P)، به طوری که از شیرگیری بر اساس مصرف خوراک در مقایسه با از شیرگیری بر اساس وزن و سن سبب صرفه‌جویی به ترتیب30000 و 60000 ریالی در هزینه خوراک به ازاء افزایش هر کیلوگرم وزن شد. به طور کلی، رشد و عملکرد مشابه به همراه کاهش در هزینه‌های پرورش گوساله‌ها نشان می‌دهد که از شیر‌گیری بر اساس مصرف ماده خشک می‌تواند سودمند باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of different weaning strategies on growth performance, health, ruminal fermentation parameters, blood metabolites and economic efficiency of Holestein calves

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Heidarian 1
  • JAvad Bayad Koohsar 2
  • Youssef Moostafloo 3
  • Balal Sadeghi 4
  • Farid Moslemipoor 2

1 M.Sc. Graduate, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Gonbad Kavous, Gonbad Kavous, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Gonbad Kavous, Gonbad Kavous, Iran

3 Assistant Professor, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Gonbad Kavous, Gonbad Kavous, Iran

4 Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar, University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran

چکیده [English]

In order to compare the effects of different weaning strategies on feed intake, structural growth measurement and health, blood metabolites and economic efficiency of young dairy calves, twenty four female Holstein calves were used. Calves after birth were randomly assigned into one of three weaning strategy as follow: 1) weaning based on feed intake, 2) weaning based on weight gain (30 kg weight gain compared to the birth weight), and 3) weaning based on age (at 90 days of age). Starter intake measurement and fecal scoring conducted daily. Calves were weighed weekly and blood samples were obtained on days 21, 42, 60 and 90 after birth. Results showed that there were significant differences among different weaning strategies on average weaning age and milk consumption (p<0.05). All treatments had similar average daily weight gain, average daily feed intake, final weight and structural growth measurements. Calves weaned based on feed intake had lowest ruminal pH and N-NH3 concentration and blood urea nitrogen on day 90 (p<0.05). There were differences between groups on milk cost and total cost (milk + feed) and feed cost per kg of BW gain, so that Weaning based of feed intake compared to weaning based on weight and age  saved up to 6000 and 3000 Rials per kg of body weight, respectively. Generally, similar growth and performance among different weaning strategies as well as reduction the cost of raising of calves indicated that calves weaning based on feed intake can be profitable approach.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Calf
  • Weaning Strategy
  • performance
  • Blood metabolites
  • Structural Growth Measurement
  • economic efficiency
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