نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری گروه پرورش و تولید طیور، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

2 استاد گروه پرورش و تولید طیور، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

3 استادیار گروه پرورش و تولید طیور، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

4 استادیار گروه علوم دامی، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

چکیده

برای ارزیابی تأثیر عصارۀ گیاهان سماق و جغجغه به‌عنوان جایگزینی برای آنتی‌بیوتیک‌های محرک رشد، آزمایشی با استفاده از 300 قطعه جوجۀ گوشتی نر یک‏روزه از سویۀ راس 308 در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با چهار تیمار، پنج تکرار، و 15 پرنده در هر تکرار در دورۀ سنی صفر تا 28روزگی انجام شد. جیرۀ‌ اصلی بر پایۀ ذرت‌ـ‌سویا و فاقد افزودنی بود (تیمار شاهد) و سه تیمار دیگر به‌ترتیب با اضافه‌کردن مقدار 200 میلی‌گرم از عصارۀ ریشۀ گیاه جغجغه، عصارۀ میوۀ سماق، و آنتی‌بیوتیک به هر کیلوگرم از جیرۀ اصلی تهیه شدند. میزان افزایش وزن روزانه در دورۀ 7 تا 14روزگی و همچنین کل دورۀ آزمایش (صفر تا 28روزگی) در پرندگانی که با جیره‌های حاوی افزودنی تغذیه شدند، در مقایسه با پرندگان شاهد بالاتر بود (05/0P<). کلسترول سرم خون پرندگانی که با جیرۀ حاوی عصارۀ سماق و یا جغجغه تغذیه شدند، از پرندگان شاهد کمتر بود (05/0P<). تغذیۀ جوجه‌ها با جیره‌های حاوی عصاره‌های گیاهی و یا آنتی‌بیوتیک، تیتر آنتی‌بادی علیه ویروس نیوکاسل را افزایش داد (05/0P<)، ولی این جیره‌ها تأثیری بر تیتر آنتی‌بادی علیه SRBC، ضخامت پوست بدن در پاسخ به چالش با DNCB، و ضخامت پردۀ انگشت پا در پاسخ به تزریق فیتوهماگلوتینین-P نداشتند. وزن نسبی بورس فابریسیوس در پرندگانی که جیرۀ حاوی عصارۀ جغجغه را دریافت کردند از پرندگان شاهد بیشتر بود (05/0P<). با توجه به نتایج به‏دست‌آمده از پژوهش حاضر، عصارۀ‌ ریشۀ گیاه جغجغه و میوۀ سماق می‌توانند به‌عنوان جایگزین‌هایی برای اُکسی‌تتراسایکلین به‌عنوان محرک رشد در جیرۀ جوجه‌های گوشتی استفاده شوند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of R. coriaria L. and P. farcta extracts as compared to oxytetracycline on broiler performance, serum biochemistry, and immune response

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hassan Shirzadi 1
  • Farid Fhariatmadari 2
  • Mohammad Amir Karimi-Torshizi 3
  • Shaban Rahimi 2
  • Ali Akbar Masoudi 4

1 Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares

2 Professor, Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Iran

3 Assistant Professor, Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Iran

4 Assistant Professor, Department of Animal Science; Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Iran

چکیده [English]

A study was carried out to evaluate the effects of R. coriaria L. and P. farcta extracts as alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters in broilers diet. A total of 300 one-day-old male Ross 308 chicks were randomly allocated to four dietary treatments (five pen replicates, 15 birds per pen) for the 0- to 28-d period, and all data were analyzed in a randomized complete design. Dietary treatments included a basal diet (as control diet, without additive) and three similar diets that were supplemented with 200 mg/kg R. coriaria L. extract, P. farcta extract, and oxytetracycline 20 percent, respectively. The results showed that average daily gain was significantly increased (P<0.05) by supplementing diets with all feed additives in 7-14 d period and entire (0-28 d). Broilers fed the diets supplemented with each of extracts had a low serum cholesterol levels as compared to control diet (P<0.05). Moreover, the antibody titer against Newcastle disease virus was significantly increased by supplemented diets (P<0.05). However, adding feed additive to diets had no significant effect on antibody titer against SRBC, skin thickness due to DNCB challenge and toe-web thickness in response to injection of phytohemagglutinin-P. In addition, supplementing diet with P. farcta caused to a significant increase in relative bursa of fabricius weight in contrast with control diet. Based on current results, it can be concluded that R. coriaria and P. farcta extracts can be used as alternatives to oxytetracycline as a growth promoter in broilers diet.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Antibiotic
  • Broiler Chicken
  • Immune system
  • P. farcta root extract
  • R. coriaria fruit extract
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