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تأثیرپذیری هضم الیاف، رفتار تغذیه‌ای و الگوی تغییرات اسیدهای چرب فرار شکمبه از دفعات تغذیه منابع گوناگون پروتئین

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری گروه علوم دامی، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان

2 استادیار گروه علوم دامی، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان

3 استادیار گروه مهندسی علوم دام، دانشکدۀ علوم و مهندسی کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران

4 استاد گروه علوم دامی، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان

چکیده

در تحقیق حاضر، از چهار رأس گاو هلشتاین دارای فیستولۀ شکمبه در طرح مربع لاتین با چهار دورۀ‏ 21روزه (شامل دو هفته دورۀ عادت‏پذیری به جیره‌ها و یک هفته جمع‏آوری داده‌ها) استفاده شد. تیمارها شامل 1. تغذیه با جیرۀ کاملاً مخلوط یک‌بار در وعدۀ صبح، 2. تغذیه با بخشی از سویا در وعدۀ عصر، 3. تغذیه با بخشی از اوره در وعدۀ عصر، و 4. تغذیه با بخشی از پودر ماهی در وعدۀ عصر بود. گاوها در سطح نگهداری تغذیه شدند. تغذیۀ منابع پروتئینی در وعدۀ عصر فعالیت نشخوار را افزایش داد (05/0P<). قابلیت هضم ظاهری مادۀ خشک و مادۀ آلی در گاوهای تغذیه‌شده با اوره در وعدۀ عصر در مقایسه با گاوهایی که یک‌بار تغذیه شدند، بیشتر بود (05/0P<). تغذیۀ همۀ‏ منابع پروتئین در وعدۀ عصر باعث افزایش قابلیت هضم ظاهری الیاف نامحلول در شویندۀ خنثی شد (05/0P<). میانگین تولید کل اسیدهای چرب فرار و نسبت مولی هیچ‏کدام از اسیدهای چرب فرار تحت تأثیر نحوۀ تغذیۀ منابع گوناگون پروتئین قرار نگرفتند. اثر تیمارهای آزمایشی بر میانگین اسیدیتۀ شکمبه و نیتروژن آمونیاکی شکمبه معنی‏دار نبود. براساس نتایج تحقیق حاضر، افزایش دفعات تغذیۀ منابع پروتئین قابل تجزیه در شکمبه باعث بهبود هضم الیاف و فعالیت جویدن در گاوهای فیستولۀ هلشتاین غیرشیرده می‏شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of feeding frequency of protein sources on fiber digestibility, feeding behaviors and rumen metabolites of Holstein cows

نویسندگان [English]

  • Moustafa Hajilou 1
  • Hamid Reza Mirzaei Alamouti 2
  • Mehdi Ganjkhanlou 3
  • Hamid Amanlou 4

1 Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran

3 Assistant Professor, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Engineering, College of Agrituclture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

4 Professor, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran

چکیده [English]

Four ruminally-cannulated Holstein cows were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square changeover design within periods of 21 days to evaluate effects of feeding frequency of different sources of rumen degradable nitrogen on total tract digestibility of nutrients, feeding behaviors, rumen and blood metabolites of Holstein cows. Treatments were: 1) control diet which was as total mixed ration (TMR) offered once daily in the morning (08:00), 2) control diet in which a part of its soybean was offered at 19:00, 3) control diet in which a part of its urea was offered at 19:00 and 4) control diet in which a part of its fish meal was offered at 19:00. Rumination time increased in cows fed twice daily with protein sources (P<0.05). Total tract digestibility of dry matter and organic matter were higher in cows received urea at the evening time. Total tract digestibility of neutral detergent fiber increased with feeding all sources of protein at the evening time (P<0.05). Molar proportion of volatile fatty acids, rumen pH and rumen ammonia concentration were not affected by feeding time of protein sources. The results indicated that increasing delivery of rumen degradable nitrogen sources improved dry matter and fiber digestibility and chewing activity of non-lactating Holstein dairy cows.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • corn silage
  • Fish meal
  • Holstein cows
  • soybean meal
  • Urea
مراجع
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تولیدات دامی
دوره 17، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 2
پاییز و زمستان
مهر 1394
صفحه 347-358
فایل ها
هم رسانی
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