vahed Ghasemloo; sayed abdoullah hosseini; hushang Lotfolahian
Volume 19, Issue 2 , August 2017, , Pages 467-478
Abstract
The aim of this experiment was to assess the effects of encapsulated oregano oil on microbial population, morphology, length and weight of different parts of digestive tract of Aryan broiler chicks. A total of 625 Arian broiler chicks were used in a completely randomized trail with 5 treatments and 5 ...
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The aim of this experiment was to assess the effects of encapsulated oregano oil on microbial population, morphology, length and weight of different parts of digestive tract of Aryan broiler chicks. A total of 625 Arian broiler chicks were used in a completely randomized trail with 5 treatments and 5 replicates at the age of 1 to 42 days. Treatments were including: 1- basal diet (negative control), 2- basal diet+probiotic (0.1 g Protexin/kg), 3- basal diet+antibiotic (0.15g Avilamycin/kg), 4- basal diet+oregano oil (0.2 g/kg) and 5- basal diet+encapsulated oregano oil (1 g/kg). The results showed that broiler performance at the end of 42 days were not affected by treatments (p<0.05). The highest lactobacillillus colony numbers were observed in encapsulated oregano oil. The length of duodenum in probiotics group were lower than others groups (p<0.05). The length and weight of other parts of digestive tract except ileum weight were not affected by dietary treatments (p>0.05). Finally, according to result of intestinal microbial count, it seems that encapsulated oregano essential oil can improve the intestine microbial population and bird's health.
Afrooz Kamali Sangani; Ali Akbar Masoudi; Rasoul Vaez-Torshizi; Morteza Sharifi nia; Alireza Eyvazi; Majid Farahi; Behzad Rajabi Marand
Volume 18, Issue 3 , October 2016, , Pages 583-591
Abstract
This study was conducted to rank the broiler farms based on buildings, installations and equipment and its effect on production factors. To determine the contribution of each factor in ranking of farms, a multi-criteriadecision analysis (SAW) was used. Data of 108 broilers were recorded in specific forms ...
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This study was conducted to rank the broiler farms based on buildings, installations and equipment and its effect on production factors. To determine the contribution of each factor in ranking of farms, a multi-criteriadecision analysis (SAW) was used. Data of 108 broilers were recorded in specific forms and the amount of investment per broiler was calculated for individual factors. To calculate the adjusted weights of parameters, 20 experts were consulted as was specified in forms. The results showed that ventilation (fans and air inlets), roof and wall insulation in a poultry houses have represented about 55 percent of technological factors. The breeding units holding rank 1 and 2 enjoyed high degree of mechanization. As the level of mechanization was improved, the density of chickens per unit area was also increased; These units used more tunnel ventilation and large fans, and their ceiling were insulated using fiberglass, polystyrene, corrugated plastic and thickness of walls were also 35 cm. Mostly external heaters have been installed. Feeding and drinker systems have exerted no important effect on production. Slaughter weight and survival percent were not affected by the degree of mechanization but feed intake and feed conversion ratio decreased and production index increased (p<0.01) in the breeding units holding rank 1 and 2. In general in poultry house, ventilation system and ceiling and wall insulation improved energy efficiency and increased the efficiency of the system.
Volume 18, Issue 4 , December 2016, , Pages 821-830
Abstract
An experiment was conducted with 600 one-day-old male broilers (Ross 308) to investigate the effects of Dillaqueous extracts (Anethum graveolens) on blood and growth performance in broiler during a 42-days period. The chickens were divided to four treatments (0, 5, 10 and 20 ml of dill aqueous extracts ...
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An experiment was conducted with 600 one-day-old male broilers (Ross 308) to investigate the effects of Dillaqueous extracts (Anethum graveolens) on blood and growth performance in broiler during a 42-days period. The chickens were divided to four treatments (0, 5, 10 and 20 ml of dill aqueous extracts in drinking water) of five replicates each. Body weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio were measured. At the end of the experiment (day 42), 2 chickens from each replicate were randomly selected and slaughtered. The heart was removed; weights of right and left ventricles were determined separately and ascetic index was calculated. Plasma activity of alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, total antioxidant status (TAS) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) content of plasma were determined. Results showed that 5ml dill aqueous extracts, significantly increased the body weight and reduced the ascetic index, mortality due to ascites and feed conversion ratio (P<0.05). Dill aqueous extracts reduced the plasma glucose level (P<0.05). Dill aqueous extracts at 10 and 20 ml, reduced the plasma triglyceride, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and increased the plasma HDL (P<0.05). Antioxidant parameters were not significantly affected by treatments. It was concluded that, 5 ml of aqueous extracts of dill could improve the growth performance and reduce the mortality due to ascites in broilers.
Hamed Kermani Moakhar; Armin Towhidi; Saeed Zeinoldini; Hamid Kohram
Volume 18, Issue 1 , April 2016, , Pages 191-200
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of glycogenic diets supplemented with different poly unsaturated fatty acids on reproductive performance of Iran Black ewes in two different managing programs. Ewes were allocated in two different groups; group A (n = 75) and group B (n = 25). Ewes from ...
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of glycogenic diets supplemented with different poly unsaturated fatty acids on reproductive performance of Iran Black ewes in two different managing programs. Ewes were allocated in two different groups; group A (n = 75) and group B (n = 25). Ewes from group A were stopped from suckling followed by introducing to the rams on days 80 and 90, respectively. Melatonin implant was laid under the skins ear of these ewes 40 days before introducing them to the rams. Animals from group A were divided into three groups (25 ewes/sub-group) and were fed by high starch diets supplemented with saturated fatty acids (control diet), extruded linseed (omega 3 diet), and full fat soybean (omega 6 diet). Ewes from group B were stopped from suckling on day 120, introduced to the rams on day 180 after parturition and fed as described for the control diet. Data for the rates of Estrus cycle, ovulation, lambing and twining were recorded for each group. The weight of lambs was measured at the birth time of birth, and also at 3 and 4 months of age. The lambing and twining rates were higher in omega 3 and omega 6 diets as compared with the control diet and group B. Animals in group B indicated a higher lamb weight at 3 and 4 months of age compared to all treatments in group A. In conclusion, data from current study suggested that using management program of group A along with feeding omega 3 and 6 could improve the reproductive performance of Iran Black ewes.
sadegh hosseini; morteza mamuei; saleh tabatabaei vakili; mohsen sari
Volume 19, Issue 1 , May 2017, , Pages 245-253
Abstract
The objective of this experiment was to study the effects of dietary nano-selenium supplementation on the glutathione peroxidase activity and sperm quality and quantity parameters of Arabian rams. In this experiment, twelve Arabian rams with an average weight of 73±3 kg and age of two to four ...
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The objective of this experiment was to study the effects of dietary nano-selenium supplementation on the glutathione peroxidase activity and sperm quality and quantity parameters of Arabian rams. In this experiment, twelve Arabian rams with an average weight of 73±3 kg and age of two to four years were used. Animals were divided into three groups: the control group (without -nano Selenium) and two experimental groups that received 0.4 and 0.8 mg nano-selenium per kg dry matter, respectively. The results showed that significant increase in semen selenium concentration and semen glutathione peroxidase activity in group 0.8 mg nano-selenium compared with the control group (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between 0.4 mg nano-selenium per kg supplementation and control group. The volume of ejaculate, sperm motility and viability increased in treatments compared with the control. Spermatozoa concentration was increased in group 0.4 mg nano-selenium per kg, but it was decreased in Group 0.8 mg nano-selenium per kg. The percentage of sperm abnormality significantly increased in control compared with experimental groups. According to the results of this research, supplementation of 0.4 mg Nano-selenium per kg dry matter in the diet, increased the glutathione peroxidase activity in semen and improve the quality and quantity characteristics of sperm.
Monavareh Ghoudosi; Omid Dayani; Amin Khezri; Mohammad Mahdi Sharifi Hosseini
Volume 17, Issue 2 , October 2015, , Pages 359-370
Abstract
The effect of feeding silage of leaf and stem of banana tree with waste date palm on feed intake, microbial protein synthesis and blood parameters using four adult rams in a change- over design with four 21-days period were examined. Eighty five kg leaf and stem of banana tree with 15 kg of waste date ...
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The effect of feeding silage of leaf and stem of banana tree with waste date palm on feed intake, microbial protein synthesis and blood parameters using four adult rams in a change- over design with four 21-days period were examined. Eighty five kg leaf and stem of banana tree with 15 kg of waste date palm were mixed together and ensiled for 45 days. Chemical composition and sensory evaluation of silage of leaf and stem of banana tree with waste date palm was evaluated and used in experimental diets as zero, seven, 14 and 21 percent of DM. According to sensory evaluations, silage with a score of 20 had a very good rating. Nitrogen retention in sheep fed 21 percent silage was lower than the control group (P<0.05). Dry matter digestibility of experimental diets containing 14 and 21 percent silage was lower than diets containing zero and seven percent silage (P<0.05). The mean excretion of allantoin, uric acid and total purine derivatives in the urine of sheep were increased linearly (P<0.05) with increasing the silage in the experimental diets. Increasing of nitrogen and microbial protein synthesis in sheep fed diet containing 21 percent silage was more than sheep fed diet without silage (P<0.05). Increasing of the silage level in diet, was increased triglyceride concentration by linearly (P<0.05). According to the results, using of 21 percent silage of leaf and stem of banana tree with waste date palm in sheep diet without change in dry matter intake, increase microbial protein synthesis.
farid shariatmadari
Volume 19, Issue 2 , August 2017, , Pages 479-491
Abstract
In this study, the effect of fat source and type of growth promoting additives in laying hens diets on productive performance and egg quality traits was investigated. In a (2×3) factorial experiment,108 ninety-six week-old Hy-Line W-36 laying hens treated with 2 fat sources (vegtable fat - yellow ...
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In this study, the effect of fat source and type of growth promoting additives in laying hens diets on productive performance and egg quality traits was investigated. In a (2×3) factorial experiment,108 ninety-six week-old Hy-Line W-36 laying hens treated with 2 fat sources (vegtable fat - yellow grease and fat powder) and 3 types of growth promoting additives (none-additive,probiotic and antibiotic) for 12 weeks.The birds were allocated randomly in six treatments with six replicates (3 birds per replicat). Results showed that None of the performance variables (egg production rate, egg mass, average egg weight, feed intake and feed conversion ratio) were affected by the supplemental fat sources (P> 0.05). The addition of probiotic in feed resulted in significant reductions in feed intake, egg production and egg mass as well as in yolk percent (P< 0.05). Interactions between fat source and growth promoting additive type as well as the main effect of fat type on Egg shell thickness were significant. Thus, it could be suggested that the use of the fat sources and growth promoting additives in layer diets as a potential solution to prevent the egg shell quality problems during the late stages of production; however supplemental probiotic reduced feed intake, egg production and egg mass.
Seyyed Mojtaba Mousavi; Armin Tohidi; Mehdi Zhandi; Abdollah Mohammadi-Sangcheshmeh; Ghasem Amou-abediny
Volume 18, Issue 3 , October 2016, , Pages 593-601
Abstract
The effect of osmolarity and glycerol different levels in soybean lecithin-based extender on the bull sperm quality after cryopreservation was examined using six Holstein bulls in a 2 × 3 factorial trial based on completely randomized design, with three levels of osmolarity (250, 300 and 350 mOsml) ...
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The effect of osmolarity and glycerol different levels in soybean lecithin-based extender on the bull sperm quality after cryopreservation was examined using six Holstein bulls in a 2 × 3 factorial trial based on completely randomized design, with three levels of osmolarity (250, 300 and 350 mOsml) and two levels of glycerol (5 and 7 %) .In general, semen samples were collected 36 times (from each bull, six times). After the initial evaluation of semen, samples were mixed together and assigned to each of treatments. After freezing and thawing process, parameters that were evaluated including; motion characteristics by CASA, viability, plasma membrane integrity and morphology. The results showed that frozen-thawed sperm in treatment of G7P300 had higher values than the other groups for total motility (69.50 %), progressive motility (48.89 %), lateral head displacement (3.69 µm/s), curvilinear velocity (168.80 µm/s) and straightness coefficient (61.89 %) (P≤0.05). In the treatments containing seven and five percent of glycerol and osmotic pressure of 350 mOsml, plasma membrane integrity (23.14 and 25.63 %, respectively) and sperm viability (58.70 and 64.60 %, respectively) were lower compared to other treatments (P≤0.05). But, in terms of morphology, G7P350 (92.34 %) and G5P350 (92.57 %) treatments were better than other treatments. The results of these experiment showed that the extender contained of seven percentage of glycerol with osmalarity of 300 or 250 mOsml was more efficient for cryopreservation of Holstein bull sperm.
Hossein Daghigh Kia; Fatemeh Zare Ghaleh Jigh; Abouzar Najafi; Hossein Vaseghi Dodran
Volume 18, Issue 4 , December 2016, , Pages 831-840
Abstract
In order to improve the quality of ram semen after freezing-thawing process, different levels of ethanol extract of Bilberry plants were investigated. In this study five rams were used for semen collection twice a week by an artificial vagina. In order to eliminate the effects of the individual, the ...
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In order to improve the quality of ram semen after freezing-thawing process, different levels of ethanol extract of Bilberry plants were investigated. In this study five rams were used for semen collection twice a week by an artificial vagina. In order to eliminate the effects of the individual, the semen samples were pooled. Different levels of Bilberry extract (0, 100, 150, 200 μl/ml) were added to the Tris- Egg yolk based extender. Following cooling and freezing of semen samples, they were stored in liquid nitrogen until evaluation. After freezing-thawing, motility parameters were evaluated using the Computer-assisted sperm analysis system (CASA), the viability of sperms by Eosin-Nigrosin staining, membrane integrity using the hypo-osmotic swelling test, sperm abnormality by Hancock solution and lipid peroxidation by measuring malondialdehyde concentration. The results showed that the addition of 150 μl of Bilberry extract improved sperm parameters following freezing-thawing process compared to the control group (P< 0.05). According to the results of this study, Bilberry extract can be used as a natural antioxidant, with high performance, inexpensive and available in ram sperm diluent.
Volume 18, Issue 1 , April 2016, , Pages 1-7
Raana Jahanbin; Parisa Yazdanshenas; Mehdi Amin Afshar; Abdollah Mohammadi Sangcheshmeh; Hamid Varnaseri; Mohammad Chamani; Mohammad Hasan Nazaran; Mohammad Reza Bakhtiyarizadeh
Volume 17, Issue 2 , October 2015, , Pages 371-380
Abstract
The effect of zinc Nano-particles (Zn- nano- complex) on bull sperm quality after freeze-thawing process studied. Ejaculates collected from four Holstein bulls twice a week. On the day of semen collection, four ejaculates were pooled and diluted with Bioxcell extender containing 0, 10-6, 10-5, 10-4, ...
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The effect of zinc Nano-particles (Zn- nano- complex) on bull sperm quality after freeze-thawing process studied. Ejaculates collected from four Holstein bulls twice a week. On the day of semen collection, four ejaculates were pooled and diluted with Bioxcell extender containing 0, 10-6, 10-5, 10-4, 10-3, 10-2 molar of zinc Nano-complex and frozen. After thawing, sperm motility and motion parameters, plasma membrane integrity, abnormal morphology, plasma membrane functionality and mitochondrial activity were determined. The proportion of the total and progressive motile sperm, the plasma membrane integrity and proportion of the spermatozoa with abnormal morphology was not different among groups. Zinc Nano-complex groups represented a higher plasma membrane functionality than that of control group. Moreover, our flowcytometric data suggested that spermatozoa in the groups of zinc Nano-complex possessed higher mitochondrial activity as compared with the control group. Mitochondrial activity in 10-2 was higher than the 10-6 group. In conclusion, supplementation of zn Nano-complex, can improve the plasma membrane functionality and mitochondrial activity of bull spermatozoa in a dose dependent manner without any deleterious effect on motility parameters.
Volume 19, Issue 2 , August 2017, , Pages 493-506
Abstract
The goal of this paper was to study the effect of ginger extracts and vitamin E on the performance of ovine Spermatogonial Stem Cells (SSCs). For this purpose, different concentrations of hydro and hydroethanolic extracts of ginger and vitamin E on viability, colony formation and expression of inhibiting ...
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The goal of this paper was to study the effect of ginger extracts and vitamin E on the performance of ovine Spermatogonial Stem Cells (SSCs). For this purpose, different concentrations of hydro and hydroethanolic extracts of ginger and vitamin E on viability, colony formation and expression of inhibiting (bcl2ll and bcl2)and inducing (bax) apoptosisgenes were studied. Spermatogonial Stem Cells (SSCs) were extracted from lamb testes with slaughterhouse origin using two steps enzymatic digestion method and enrichment by differential plating method. The characterization of SSCs was carried by alkaline phosphatase staining and expression of c-kit and oct-4 genes. Results have shown that the viability of SSCs was decreased significantly by using more than 800 µg/mL of hydroethanolic extract of ginger, in comparision with control group (P<0.05), while 800 µg/mL of hydro extract of ginger has been resulted to be the most viable cells, and increasing the vitamin E concentration (upto 100 µg/mL) resulted to be the most survival of SSCs. Expression of bax in effective concentration of hydro extract of ginger (150 µg/mL) and vitamin E (50 µg/mL) was decreased, but hydroethanolic extract of ginger (150 µg/mL) and higher concentration of hydro extract of ginger (more than 800 µg/mL) increased the expression od bax. Based on the results of current study, 150 µg/mL of aqueous extract of ginger or 50 µg/mL of vitamin E can be used to improve ovine SSC culture system.
Marjan Esmaili; Zarbakht Ansari Pirsaraie
Volume 18, Issue 3 , October 2016, , Pages 603-613
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different concentration of royal jelly’s fatty acids (0.0, 125, 250, 500, 1000 µg/ml and 50 µl DMSO) on in vitro maturation of goat oocyte. Goat ovaries were collected from local slaughterhouse and transported to the laboratory ...
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The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different concentration of royal jelly’s fatty acids (0.0, 125, 250, 500, 1000 µg/ml and 50 µl DMSO) on in vitro maturation of goat oocyte. Goat ovaries were collected from local slaughterhouse and transported to the laboratory and COCs were cultured into the maturation media supplemented with different concentration of royal jelly’s fatty acids. The results indicated that the increase of royal jelly’s fatty acids concentration from control to 250µg/mL were significantly (P
Arash Kheradmand
Volume 18, Issue 4 , December 2016, , Pages 841-852
Abstract
This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of α-tocopherol, BSA and vitamin C on different caprine sperm parameters following incubation at 5 °C for 48 h. The treatments were as follows: 5 and 10 IU/ml of α-tocopherol, 4 and 8 mg/ml of BSA, as well as 3 and 6 mg/ml of vitamin ...
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This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of α-tocopherol, BSA and vitamin C on different caprine sperm parameters following incubation at 5 °C for 48 h. The treatments were as follows: 5 and 10 IU/ml of α-tocopherol, 4 and 8 mg/ml of BSA, as well as 3 and 6 mg/ml of vitamin C, and control group without any antioxidant. Total sperm motility, progressive motility and HOS test were assessed at h 0, 24 and 48. Using 4 mg of BSA and 5 IU of vitamin E increased sperm motility and plasma membrane integrity compared to other antioxidants (P<0.05). Although, higher concentrations of these antioxidants relatively enhanced sperm quality parameters, however, it was still greater than the control group (P<0.05). Different concentrations of vitamin C did not affect sperm quality parameters. According to the results of the present study, addition of BSA and vitamin E to buck semen improved total and progressive sperm motility as well as plasma membrane integrity during 48 h after incubation at 5 °C.
Volume 18, Issue 1 , April 2016, , Pages 1-18
Rasoul Karimi; Malek Shakeri; Mahdi Zhandi; Hossien Moravej; Haniyeh Banikamal; Abdollah Mohammadi-Sangcheshmeh; Mahdi Khodaei-Motlagh
Volume 17, Issue 2 , October 2015, , Pages 381-389
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the STO feeder layer on prepubertal Rhode Island Red rooster SSCs culture and proliferation in vitro. Testis cells from 30 prepubertal Rhode Island Red chicken (4-8 weeks of age), were individually separated and cultivated in the presence of ...
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The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the STO feeder layer on prepubertal Rhode Island Red rooster SSCs culture and proliferation in vitro. Testis cells from 30 prepubertal Rhode Island Red chicken (4-8 weeks of age), were individually separated and cultivated in the presence of bFGF and LIF growth factors on four well plates with two treatments and three replicats and five observations per each. SSCs colonies appeared on the 5th day of culture. The number of SSCs colonies, cells/colony and colony area was measured on days 7 and 10 for both treatments. The result of the colony assay on the 7th day revealed significantly higher colony numbers as well as higher cell number/colony and colony area on the STO surface compared to colonies grown on surfaces without a feeder layer (P≤0.05). In contrast, the results of the colony assay on day 10 had declined for both treatments, as compared to day 7. Also, the C-KIT gene was not expressed which is an indication that colonies might be composed of SSCs. In conclusion, these results indicate that the use of the STO feeder layer influences the SSCs proliferation and maintenance of the prepubertal roosters in short-term culture.
Farzaneh Bazmandegan
Volume 19, Issue 2 , August 2017, , Pages 507-519
Abstract
To examine the possible role of maternal effect on progeny immune system development, the injection effects of the khazak yolk into the yolk of the commercial Ross egg on the performance, immunity and expression of TLR4 was determined in the commercial Ross chicken. For this purpose, 150 ROSS fertile ...
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To examine the possible role of maternal effect on progeny immune system development, the injection effects of the khazak yolk into the yolk of the commercial Ross egg on the performance, immunity and expression of TLR4 was determined in the commercial Ross chicken. For this purpose, 150 ROSS fertile eggs were randomly assigned to two experimental groups including group I (control-in ovo Ross yolk injection) and group II (in ovo khazak yolk injection) and were kept in incubator for 3 weeks. After incubation period, newly hatched chickens were fed with balanced ration for six weeks. Three Chickens from each experimental group were respectively killed at 27- and 42-d posthatch for analysis of immune organs weight (liver, burs and thymus), The HI anti- body titer levels and liver TLR4 mRNA expression levels. The results of Statistical analysis demonstrated that the in-ovo injection of khazak yolk into the Ross eggs not only significantly enhances growth rate and immune function but also decreases expression of TLR4 mRNA in the liver of treated group compared with the control group (P˂0.05). On the basis of these results it's possible that injection of khazak yolk into the Ross eggs at the first day of embryonic development enhances the chicken immune response at older ages.
Hanie Shafigh; Malek Shakeri; Saeed Zeinoaldini; Hamid Kohram; Mehdi Zhandi; Morteza Moghbeli
Volume 18, Issue 3 , October 2016, , Pages 615-624
Abstract
The aim of the present research was to study the effect of different concentrations of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) extract, (0, 10, 12.5, 16.6, 25 and 50) mg/L added to semen extender, on sperm qualitative and quantitative parameters after freezing-thawing process of rooster sperm. 10 Ross strain ...
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The aim of the present research was to study the effect of different concentrations of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) extract, (0, 10, 12.5, 16.6, 25 and 50) mg/L added to semen extender, on sperm qualitative and quantitative parameters after freezing-thawing process of rooster sperm. 10 Ross strain rooster were used. Semen samples were collected, 2 times a week. After adding the samples of semen based on the lecithin extender, they were placed and preserved at 5 ° C. The treatments of 10 and 12.5 mg/L of Rosemary significantly improved the mobility, in addition, treatments of 10, 12.5 and 16.6 mg/L improved progressive motility and viability before freezing (p≤ 0.05). The lowest and highest motility rates were respectively found in treatments of 0 and 10 mg/L of essential oil of rosemary (p≤ 0.05). Functional integrity of the sperm plasma membrane increased with treatment of 10 mg/L of essential oil of rosemary in comparison to other groups, except 12.5 mg/L. Also treatments of 10, 12.5 and 16.6 mg/L significantly decreased the apoptosis. According to these results, it seems that adding the levels of 10 and 12.5 mg/L rosemary extract’ in semen, based on lecithin extender can improve rooster’s sperm quality after thawing.
behrooz shokrani; morteza mehri; amir fattah; mohsen sharafi; fatemeh shirmohammad
Volume 18, Issue 4 , December 2016, , Pages 853-865
Abstract
Effects of dietary rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) essential oil were evaluated on the semen quality of broiler breeder rooster using sixteen 24-wk Ross 308 male birds. Experimental groups were consisting of four treatments (0, 50, 100 and 200 mg rosemary essential oil/kg of feed) with four replicates ...
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Effects of dietary rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) essential oil were evaluated on the semen quality of broiler breeder rooster using sixteen 24-wk Ross 308 male birds. Experimental groups were consisting of four treatments (0, 50, 100 and 200 mg rosemary essential oil/kg of feed) with four replicates per each group. Semen samples were collected on days 0, 14, 28, 42 and 56 of experiment. Results showed that 100mg rosemary significantly improved several traits of sperm such as Amplitude of Lateral Head Displacement (ALH), Average Path Velocity (VAP), and Straight Line Velocity (VSL) on days 42 and 56, and sperm Membrane Integrity (MI), sperm viability, Linearity (LIN) and Total Motility (TM) on day 56 (P<0.05) and significantly decreased dead sperms (P<0.05). However, sperm concentration, apoptosis and morphological changes, Sperm Track Straightness (STR), Curvilinear Velocity (VCL), Progressive motility (PM) and malondialdehyde (MDA) level were not affected by experimental treatment. It can be concluded that 100 mg rosemary essential oil/kg of diet could be efficient for improvement of some qualitative sperm parameters.
Saman Abbasi; Mokhtar Ali Abbasi; Alireza Noshari
Volume 17, Issue 2 , October 2015, , Pages 391-401
Abstract
A total of 2000 records of egg quality of 746 birds and body weight data from 17th generation of Fars Native Fowl Breeding Station were used to estimate the genetic parameters of egg quality and body weight traits. Six univariate animal models with different random effects were fitted for each trait. ...
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A total of 2000 records of egg quality of 746 birds and body weight data from 17th generation of Fars Native Fowl Breeding Station were used to estimate the genetic parameters of egg quality and body weight traits. Six univariate animal models with different random effects were fitted for each trait. A model with direct additive genetic and maternal permanent environmental effects was the most appropriate model for mature weight. For body weight in 12th week, the model with direct additive genetic, maternal genetic and maternal permanent environmental effects was suitable. The model with direct additive genetic and maternal genetic effects was appropriate for albumen diameter, yolk weight and egg weight. For other traits, the simple animal model with direct animal additive genetic effect was the best model. Estimates of heritability were ranged from 0.02 (yolk weight) to 0.23 (albumen index) for internal egg quality and were ranged from 0.01 (egg weight) to 0.43 (egg shell strength) for external egg quality traits. These parameters were estimated 0.03, 0.07 and 0.18 for mature weight, body weights at 8th and 12th weeks, respectively. Genetic correlations between egg quality and body weight traits ranged from -0.79 to 0.80. In conclusion, selection based on the body weights at 8th and 12th weeks increases the egg weight, egg width and egg shape index. Selection for body weight in 12th week would increase the albumen weight and yolk diameters.
Mahnaz Salehi; Ali Maghsoudi
Volume 18, Issue 3 , October 2016, , Pages 625-633
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the physicochemical performances at three sites on skin, namely the diagonal, neck and leg based on different age groups. Eighteen skins pieces in 6 m, 6 m to 1 yr and 1 yr to 1.5 yr of age were selected to represent means of the respective age groups with ...
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The aim of the present study was to investigate the physicochemical performances at three sites on skin, namely the diagonal, neck and leg based on different age groups. Eighteen skins pieces in 6 m, 6 m to 1 yr and 1 yr to 1.5 yr of age were selected to represent means of the respective age groups with regard to skin area. The skin area were7.4±1.41, 13.5±1.4 and 18.2±1.1 ft2 for the ostriches, respectively. The diagonal region, neck and leg parts were approximately 81.5, 10.1 and 8.4 percent of the skin area. The areas increased with an increased chronological age at all sites. Average skin area increased at a rate of 0.9 ft2 per each months of age. Average and range of thickness of the leather were 1.5±0.1 (0.6 to 3.0) mm, breaking load 22.2±3.3 (4.9 to 49.2) kgf, tensile strength 146.3±17.1 (70.5 to 269.7) kgf/cm2, percentage extension 58.7±4.9 (21.5 to 93.3) % and density were 0.6±0.05 (0.4 to 0.9) g/cm2. It was evident that leather thickness increased with age. A similar tendency was observed for tensile strength (P<0.01). Tensile strength from diagonal, neck and leg parts of the body were 129.0±26.3, 123.4±33.2 and 131.7±41.7 kgf/cm2 respectively which was statistically different (P<0.05). The overall means of ostrich leather for fat, water soluble material, organic soluble materials, non-soluble sulphate ash, minerals, nitrogen, protein and pH were 16.1±1.4, 1.5±0.6, 0.8±0.2, 0.8±0.3, 0.5±0.1, 9.6±0.3, 59.8±1.9 and 3.6±0.1 % resectivelly. The leather from legs had more water soluble material, organic soluble materials, non-soluble sulphate ash and minerals (P<0.05) compared to other regions of body. The amounts of fat in leather of ostrich with 6 month of age in diagonal region, was higher than older ostrich and the other regions of body (P<0.05). Nitrogen and protein was higher in >12 months of age (P<0.05) than the younger ostrich. It does, however, exert an important influence on the quality traits that were considered, and needs to be considered in the marketing of ostrich leather.
Volume 18, Issue 4 , December 2016, , Pages 867-876
Abstract
This research was conducted to investigate the effect of different concentrations of royal jelly (RJ) as an antioxidant source on in vitro maturation of goat oocytes. Goat ovaries were collected from a local abattoir. Cumulus-oocyte-complexes (COCs) were recovered from antral follicles. The COCs were ...
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This research was conducted to investigate the effect of different concentrations of royal jelly (RJ) as an antioxidant source on in vitro maturation of goat oocytes. Goat ovaries were collected from a local abattoir. Cumulus-oocyte-complexes (COCs) were recovered from antral follicles. The COCs were placed in maturation medium and were reached to MII stage after 24 hours. The results indicated that the increasing of royal jelly concentration in the maturation media was significantly increased maturation rate of oocytes from control (54 ± 0%) to 20 mg/mL group (93 ± 0.5%). Also, the higher RJ concentrations were associated with increased cleavage (62.5 ± 2.64% to 85.6 ± 3.78%) and blastocyst rate (15.4 ± 2.26% to 38.6 ± 3.42%) from the RJ0 to the RJ20 group. Addition of RJ was significantly (P<0.05) increased the antioxidant gene expressions in the oocytes. In conclusion, supplementation of 20 mg/mL royal jelly to the maturation media was significantly improved the redox state, nuclear maturation and blastocyst formation.
Sahere Gharibi; Mohammad Houshmand; Reza Naghiha
Volume 17, Issue 2 , October 2015, , Pages 403-413
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the influences of raw or acetic acid-treated oak acornon the performance and cecal flora of broiler chickens. A total of 340 one-day-old male and female Cobb 500 broiler chicks were used in a completely randomized design consisting of five treatments with four ...
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This study was conducted to investigate the influences of raw or acetic acid-treated oak acornon the performance and cecal flora of broiler chickens. A total of 340 one-day-old male and female Cobb 500 broiler chicks were used in a completely randomized design consisting of five treatments with four replicates and 17 chicks each. First group was fed with a corn-based diet (without oak acorn) as control, while the chicks of groups 2, 3, 4 and 5 were fed with diets containing 20 or 25 percent raw or treated oak acorn, respectively. The results indicated that treatment with acetic acid significantly reduced content of the all phenol components (total phenol, total tannin and condensed tannins). Dietary inclusion of raw oak acorn at the levels of 20 and 25 percent, significantly reduced broilers body weight gain (P<0.05). However, this reduction was not observed for treated groups. Feeding with raw or treated oak acorn resulted in higher feed conversion ratio compared with the control group (P<0.05). E. coli and lactic acid bacteria counts were not affected by dietary treatments at 21 or 42 day of the study. In conclusion, dietary inclusion of 20 and 25 percent raw or treated oak acorn resulted in a significant reduction in broilers performance and hence, it is not recommended.
Sima Savar Sofla; Mahnaz Salehi
Volume 18, Issue 3 , October 2016, , Pages 635-646
Abstract
This was a study to investigate quantitative and qualitative characteristics of fiber extracted from crossbred goats derived from female hair goats indigenous of Qom and male Cashmere goats of South of Khorasan. From a total of 75 indigenous and cross goats aged 1-3, qualities such as the percentage ...
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This was a study to investigate quantitative and qualitative characteristics of fiber extracted from crossbred goats derived from female hair goats indigenous of Qom and male Cashmere goats of South of Khorasan. From a total of 75 indigenous and cross goats aged 1-3, qualities such as the percentage of cashmere in fleece, percentage of hair in fleece, hair staple length, cashmere staple length, cashmere fiber length, hair fiber length, and fiber diameter was investigated. Taking into account the effect of genetic group, sex and age characteristics, the data were analyzed with SAS software. The average fleece weight of goats was 300.2 ± 19.4 grams with a minimum of 99 and maximum of 713 grs. The length of hair fiber in the male goats fleece (12.8 ± 0.7 cm) was more than female ones (10.2 ± 0.5 cm); It was 12.0 ± 0 .6, 10.3 ± 0.4 and 12.2 ± 1.1 cm in indigenous goats, first and second generation cross goats respectively. The fleece weight in crossbred goats showed 21 grams increase compared to Qom indigenous goats; the difference was not statistically significant; While the percentage of cashmere in crossbred goats was almost twice as the indigenous goats (p<0.01). Based on the results, crossbreeding between the female hair goats of Qom and male cashmere goats of South of Khorasan improves the quality and quantity of extracted fiber.
Abbas Masoudi; Arash Azarfar
Volume 18, Issue 4 , December 2016, , Pages 877-888
Abstract
In the current study, growth parameters of broiler chickens fed with rice hull were estimated and their final body weigh was predicted using non-linear, spline regression and neural networks models. The experimental treatments were control and dietary inclusion of rice hull at the levels of 2.5, 5 and ...
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In the current study, growth parameters of broiler chickens fed with rice hull were estimated and their final body weigh was predicted using non-linear, spline regression and neural networks models. The experimental treatments were control and dietary inclusion of rice hull at the levels of 2.5, 5 and 7.5 percent. Predicted final body weight estimated by non-linear regression models in the current study was higher in control chicks compare with those fed rice hull containing diets (P<0.05), but similar among the other birds. Inflection point of growth curve occurred earlier in in control chicks than those fed hull rice containing diets (P<0.05), but increasing hull rice in the diet level had no effect on this parameter. The highest and lowest body weight at inflection point observed in birds fed control and those fed diet containing 5 percent of rice hull, respectively (P<0.05). Feeding chicks with diets containing rice hull decreased parameters b of spline regression model compared with control birds, while parameter c was only lower in birds fed diet containing 7.5 percent hull rice compared with birds on control diet (P<0.05). According to our results, spline regression model is more efficient than the non-linear and artificial neural network models to predict body weight of broiler chicks fed with diets containing rice hull at day 42 of age.