Ghasem Khadem; Taghi Ghoorchi; Abdolhakim Toghdory; Katayoun Mehrani; Kamel Amozadeh Araee
Abstract
In order to investigate the use of non-steamed flaked and milled barley in Holstein suckling calves, 12 suckling female calves with an age of about 20-25 days and an average initial body weight of 44±2.7 kg were used. This research was conducted for 35 days with two treatments and six replications. ...
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In order to investigate the use of non-steamed flaked and milled barley in Holstein suckling calves, 12 suckling female calves with an age of about 20-25 days and an average initial body weight of 44±2.7 kg were used. This research was conducted for 35 days with two treatments and six replications. The treatments included: 1- starter diet containing milled barley, 2- starter diet containing non-steamed flaked barley. The results showed that calves received non-steamed flaked barley had better final weight, weight changes, daily weight gain, dry matter consumption and feed conversion ratio than calves received milled barley(P<0.05).there was a significant difference in the eating, rumination, and resting behavior of calves among the treatments received milled barley and non-steamed flaked barley(P<0.05); These factors increased with the consumption of milled barley. However, the fecal consistency score the number of calves with diarrhea, and the average number of days with diarrhea were not affected by the use of milled barley and non-steamed flaked barley, the results of the present study showed that the blood glucose concentration of calves received non-steamed flaked barley was higher (79.44 mg/dl) than of calves consuming milled barley (71.09 mg/dl) (P<0.05); But it had no significant effect on the concentration of triglyceride cholesterol, urea, total protein, albumin, globulin and their ratio, based on the results of this research, barley processing, as a non-steamed flaked barley, while increasing the initial ration consumption, daily weight gain, improved the final weight and also did not have a negative effect on blood parameters.
Maghsad Sahneh; Abdolhakim Toghdory; Taghi Ghoorchi; mohammad asadi
Abstract
In order to perform this experiment, 21 dairy ewes with three bellies of the dalagh breed with an average weight of 36±3.7 kg were used in 3 treatments and 7 repetitions in the form of a completely randomized design. The treatments included: control treatment, second treatment (ration containing ...
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In order to perform this experiment, 21 dairy ewes with three bellies of the dalagh breed with an average weight of 36±3.7 kg were used in 3 treatments and 7 repetitions in the form of a completely randomized design. The treatments included: control treatment, second treatment (ration containing 100 grams of corn steep liquor per kilogram of dry matter consumed) and third treatment (ration containing 200 grams of corn steep liquor per kilogram of dry matter consumed). The results showed that dry matter intake increased with the increase in the level of corn steep liquor in the diet (P≥0.05). There is no significant difference in rumen pH and protozoa population However, rumen ammonia nitrogen concentration increased in corn steep liquor level, rumen ammonia nitrogen concentration also increased (P≥0.05). There is no significant difference in butyrate, isovalerate, valerate and acetate-propionate ratio among treatments receiving different amounts of corn steep liquor. But the concentrations of acetate, propionate and total volatile fatty acids in the rumen were affected by the experimental treatments (P≥0.05). Total protein, urea nitrogen concentration, triglyceride and blood glucose were affected by the experimental treatments, so that the concentration of these parameters increased with the increase in the level of corn steep liquor (P≥0.05). According to the results, it can be recommended to add corn steep liquor to animal rations up to the level of 200 grams per kilogram of dry matter consumed.
Hossein Mohammadi; amir hossein khaltabadi farahani
Abstract
Introduction: Over the last decade, interest in detection of genes or genomic regions that are targeted by selection has been growing. Identifying signatures of selection can provide valuable insights about the genes or genomic regions that are or have been under selection pressure, which in turn leads ...
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Introduction: Over the last decade, interest in detection of genes or genomic regions that are targeted by selection has been growing. Identifying signatures of selection can provide valuable insights about the genes or genomic regions that are or have been under selection pressure, which in turn leads to a better understanding of genotype-phenotype relationships. The aim of this study was to identify candidate genes and genomic region related to litter size trait in Murcia-Granadina goats using the selective sweep methods.
Material and Methods: In this study, data from 643 Murcia-Granadina goat genotyped using Caprine 50 K BeadChip were used. Quality control measures were performed in Plink by setting animal call rate of 0.90, SNP call rate of 0.90 and SNPs with minor allele frequencies (MAF) lower than 0.01. To identify the signatures of selection, two statistical methods of FST and hapFLK were used. Candidate genes were identified by SNPs located at 1% upper range of FST and hapFLK. Finally, GeneCards and UniProtKB databases were also used to interpret the function of the obtained genes.
Results and Discussion: Using FST approach, we identified nine genomic regions on chromosomes 4, 5, 6, 8, 12, 13, 14, 15, and 22 chromosomes. The identified candidate genes associated with litter size trait in these genomic regions included KMT2E, CAMK2D, CTNNAL, DACH1, DNMT3B, STK3. Some of the genes located in identified regions under selection were associated with the oocyte growth, development and differentiation of ovarian follicles, fertility and growth and development of granulosa cells, which can be directly and indirectly related to the trait of the litter size. Also, survey on extracted QTLs was shown that these QTLs in cow orthologous associated sperm count and calf size. The results of hapFLK statistics in this research led to the identification of four genomic regions on chromosomes 1, 2, 5, and 11. The identified candidate genes associated with the litter size trait in these genomic regions included EDA2R, KCNH7 and CNOT11. It was determined that they had different functions in folliculogenesis and spermatogenesis. Also, survey on extracted QTLs was shown in cow orthologous associated calving interval.
Conclusion: By the way, various genes that were founded within these regions can be considered as candidates under selection based on function. However, will be necessary to carry out more association and functional studies to demonstrate the implication of genes obtained from association analyses. Finally, the results of our research can be used to understand the genetic mechanism controlling litter size trait.