نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد،گروه علوم طیور، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران
2 استاد،دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، دانشکده کشاورزی، تخصص: بیماری های طیور
3 دانشیار گروه علوم طیور، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران
4 دانشجوی دکتری،گروه علوم طیور، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران
چکیده
اثر پریبیوتیک و عصارۀ سه گیاه دارویی بابونه، پونه و مرزنجوش بر عملکرد، ریخت‌شناسی روده و برخی فراسنجههای خونی مرغهای تخمگذار در اواخر دوره تولید، با استفاده از 60 قطعه مرغِ تخمگذار سویه تترا-اس‌ال قهوه‌ای با سن 80 هفتگی، در یک طرح کاملاً تصادفی با پنج تیمار، چهار تکرار و تعداد سه قطعه پرنده در هر تکرار به مدت هشت هفته بررسی شد. پریبیوتیک به مقدار نیم گرم در هر کیلوگرم خوراک و عصاره‌‌های گیاهان دارویی به نسبت یک به 1000 به آب آشامیدنی پرندگان اضافه شدند. شاخص‌های کمّی در پایان هر هفته و شاخص‌های کیفی در هفته آخر دوره آزمایش، اندازه‌‌گیری شدند. در پایان آزمایش در هر واحد آزمایشی، از یک پرنده خون‌گیری شد و به‌منظور بررسی جمعیت باکتریایی و ریخت‌شناسیِ روده، پرندگان کشتار شدند. اثر تیمارهای آزمایشی بر کمیت و کیفیت تخم‌‌های تولیدی معنی‌دار نبود. کلسترول خون و کلسترول زرده در پرندگانی که عصارۀ بابونه دریافت کردند کمتر از سایر گروه‌های آزمایشی بود (0/05>P ). جمعیت ای‌کلای و کلی‌فرم‌ها در روده پرندگانی که عصارۀ مرزنجوش دریافت کردند از سایر تیمارها کمتر بود (0/05>P ). تیمار پریبیوتیک موجب افزایش ارتفاع پرزها در دودنوم و ایلئوم شد و عصاره مرزنجوش ارتفاع پرزها را در ایلئوم افزایش داد (0/05>P ). بر اساس نتایج حاصل، استفاده از عصاره گیاه بابونه می‌تواند میزان کلسترول زرده تخم‌مرغ را کاهش دهد، و مصرف پریبیوتیک و عصاره گیاه مرزنجوش موجب بهبود فلور میکروبی و ریخت‌شناسی روده در مرغهای تخمگذار می‌‌شود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Effect of Prebiotic and Chamomile, Oregano, and Marjoram Extracts on Laying Performance, Blood Parameters, and Intestinal Histomorphology in Laying Hens in the Late Phase of Production
نویسندگان [English]
- Zahra Mohamadzade 1
- Shaban Rahimi 2
- Mohammad Amir Karimi Torshizi 3
- Alireza Behnamifar 4
1 Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
2 Professor Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University
3 Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
4 Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]
Effect of prebiotic and extract of three medicinal plants: Chamomile, Oregano, and Marjoram on the performance, intestinal histomorphology, and blood parameters of laying hens in the late phase of production, by using 60 TETRA-SL brown-egg laying with 80-week-olds, in a completely randomizes design containing five treatments and four replicates with three birds in each experimental unit for eight weeks were investigated. Prebiotic was added at 0.5 g/kg of diet, and medicinal plant extracts in a ratio of 1:1000 were added to the drinking water of birds. Quantitative indicators at the end of each week and quality indexes at the last week of the experiment were measured. At the end of the experiment, blood was taken from one bird in each experimental unit, and the birds were slaughtered to study the intestinal bacterial population and histomorphology. The effect of experimental treatments on the quantity and quality of produced eggs was not significant (p < 0.05). Blood cholesterol and yolk cholesterol were lower in the chamomile extract-receiving birds than in the other experimental groups (p < 0.05). The population of E. coli and coliforms in the intestine of marjoram extract-receiving birds was lower than other treatments (p < 0.05). Prebiotic treatment increased the villus height in the duodenum and ileum, and the marjoram extract increased the villus height in the ileum (p < 0.05). According to the result, the use of chamomile extract can reduce the yolk cholesterol level, and the use of prebiotic and marjoram extract improves the microbial flora and intestinal histomorphology in laying hens.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Duodenum
- Microbial flora
- TETRA-SL brown
- Villus height
- yolk cholesterol
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