نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران.
2 استادیار،گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران.
3 استادیار، بخش تحقیقات علوم دامی- مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ایلام- سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی.ایلام، ایران.
4 دانشیار، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران.
چکیده
تأثیر تراکم گله و سطوح مکمل ترئونین بر عملکرد، پاسخ ایمنی و فراسنجه‌های خونی جوجه‌های گوشتی بررسی شد. در این آزمایش تعداد 495 قطعه جوجه خروس گوشتی سویه راس308، در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی به چهار تیمار و پنج تکرار اختصاص داده شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی عبارت بودند از: 1- شاهد (10 قطعه در متر مربع) دریافت کننده جیره پایه، 2- متراکم (15 قطعه در متر مربع) + جیره پایه، 3 و 4) متراکم + جیره حاوی به ترتیب 10 و 20 درصد ترئونین بیشتر از نیاز. نتایج نشان داد که تراکم بالا موجب کاهش مصرف خوراک، وزن بدن و ضریب تبدیل خوراک در تمامی دوره‌های پرورش و افزایش شاخص بازده تولید اروپائی شد و افزایش سطح ترئونین جیره، خوراک مصرفی و وزن بدن جوجه‌های گوشتی را کاهش داد (0/01 >P ). اثر تیمارهای آزمایشی بر درصد تلفات، تیتر آنتی‌بادی نیوکاسل و آنفلوآنزا، پاسخ ایمنی سلولی علیه فیتوهماگلوتینین، متابولیت‌های خونی، شمار سلول‌های خونی، غلظت اسپارتات آمینوترانسفراز و مالون دی‌آلدهید سرم جوجه‌های گوشتی معنی دار نبود. مقدار آلانین آمینوترانسفراز در خون جوجه‌هائی که با جیره حاوی 20 درصد ترئونین بیش از نیاز تغذیه شدند، بالاتر از سایر تیمارها بود (0/05 >P ). به طور کلی، تحت شرایط این آزمایش (تراکم 15 قطعه در هر متر مربع) مکمل ترئونین (هر دو سطح افزودنی) موجب بهبود عملکرد و ایمنی جوجه‌های گوشتی نشد و نیازمند تحقیقات بیشتری در این زمینه است.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Effect of Threonine Levels and Stocking Density on Performance, Immune Response and Blood Metabolites of Broiler Chickens
نویسندگان [English]
- Kobra Sookhtehzari 1
- Ali Khatibjoo 2
- Hoshang Jafari 3
- Mohammad Akbari-Gharaei 2
- Kamran Taherpour 4
1 Animal Science Department of Imlam University
2 Animal Science Department, Ilam University
3 Animal Science Research Department, Ilam Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Ilam, Iran.
4 Animal Science department of Ilam University
چکیده [English]
The effects of high stocking density and threonine (Thr) supplementation on performance and immunity in broiler chickens was evaluated. In this experiment 495 male Ross-308 broiler chickens were allocated to 4 treatments with 5 replicates in a completely randomized design. The dietary treatment consisted of: 1) basal diet as control with low density (10 birds/m2), 2) high density group (15 birds/m2 which fed basal diet) and 3 and 4) high density group which fed diet containing 10 and 20 percent Thr higher than requirment, respectively. The results showed that high stocking density decreased feed intake, body weight and feed conversion ratio at different period of production and increased European production efficiency factor (EPEF). Thr supplementation also reduced growth performance parameters (P < 0.05).
Dietary treatments deseased antibody titer against NewCastle, but avian influenza virus, cell mediated immunity against phytoheamaglutinin, blood metabolites, blood cell count, and serum spartat aminotransferase and malondialdehyde concentration did noy change significantly. Serum alanine aminotransferase concentration in broiler chickens fed diet containing 20 percent Thr higher than requirment was higher than the others (P < 0.05). In conclusion, under the condition of this study (15 birds/m2), Thr supplementation (both of the levels) did not improved broiler chickens performance and immunity and more research is needed in this subject.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Broiler Chickens
- Immunity
- performance
- Stocking Density
- Threonine
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