نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکدة کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم آباد، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه علوم دامی دانشگاه لرستان، تخصص: فیزیولوژی و تغذیه دام/بیوانرژیتیک در تغذیه/متابولیسم انرژی/تعیین احتیاجات/برنامه ریزی متابولیکی

3 دانشیار، گروه علوم دام و طیور، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

4 دانشیار گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم آباد ایران

چکیده

این پژوهش با هدف تعیین احتیاج انرژی نگهداری و بازده مصرف انرژی برای رشد به دو روش کشتار‌مقایسه‌ای و شاخص رشد‌نسبی (گرم افزایش وزن تقسیم بر کیلوگرم وزن متابولیکی(وزن بدن0.75)) در جوجه بوقلمون‌ها از وزن یک تا چهار کیلوگرم انجام شد. تعداد 40 قطعه جوجه بوقلمون‌ نر (سن 24 روزگی، وزن 93±800 گرم) با جیره حاوی 12.3مگاژول انرژی قابل سوخت‌وساز تا رسیدن به وزن چهارکیلوگرم تغذیه شد. انرژی قابل سوخت‌وساز ظاهری و تصحیح شده، گوارش‌پذیری مواد مغذی جیره، و توازن انرژی در وزن-های تقریبی دو و سه کیلوگرم تعیین شد. در روش کشتار مقایسه ای، تعداد بیست جوجه (هر مرحله 5 قطعه) در وزن‌های60± 1119گرم،93±2539گرم، 68±3528 گرم و 82±3957گرم کشتار و ترکیبات شیمیایی لاشه آنها اندازه‌گیری شد. احتیاجات نگهداری و رشد از تابعیت خطی انرژی قابل‌ سوخت‌وساز مصرفی و انرژی ذخیره شده برآورد شد. در روش شاخص رشد نسبی، از رابطه تابعیت خطی بین انرژی قابل سوخت‌وسازمصرفی و نسبت افزایش وزن به وزن متابولیکی جوجه‌ها احتیاجات کیلوژول به ازای کیلوگرم وزن متابولیکی و بازده استفاده از انرژی برای افزایش وزن 56 درصد برآورد شد. در روش شاخص رشد نسبی، احتیاجات انرژی نگهداری و رشد به ترتیب 3.66 کیلوژول به ازای هر گرم وزن متابولیکی و 10.4 کیلوژول به ازای هر گرم افزایش وزن روزانه بدست آمد. نتیجه کلی اینکه، روش شاخص رشد نسبی به دلیل سادگی بیشتر جهت برآورد احتیاجات نگهداری و رشد جوجه بوقلمون‌ها توصیه می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Determination of energy requirement for maintenance and growth of growing turkey using comparative slaughter technique and relative growth index

نویسندگان [English]

  • fatemeh fouladvand 1
  • Ali Kiani 2
  • seyed davood sharifi 3
  • Arash Azarfar 4

1 PhD Student, Animal Science Group, Agriculture Faculty, Lorestan University, Khoramabad, Iran

3 Associate Professor, Animal and Poultry Science Group, Pardis Aboreyhan, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran

4 Associate Professor, Animal Science Group, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khoramabad, Iran

چکیده [English]

The aim of this study was to determine energy requirement for maintenance (MEm) and to estimate efficiency of energy utilization for gain (kg) using comparative slaughter technique (CST) and relative growth index (RGI: gain/BW0.75) in growing turkey chicks from one to four kg of live body weight (LBW). Forty male turkey chicks (24 days of age, 800 ± 93 g LBW) were fed a standard diet (12.3 MJ ME) up to 4 kg of LBW. Apparent metabolizable energy (AME, and AMEn), nutrient digestibility of the diet, and energy balance were determined at two and three kg of BW. In CST, twenty chicks were randomly killed at four stages (five birds at each stage) at 1119 ±60, 2539 ±93, 3528 ±68, 3957 ±82 g of body weight, and the chemical composition of carcass were measured. Maintenance energy requirement (MEm) and efficiency of energy utilization for gain were determined by linear regression in CST. In RGI, the MEm and energy for growth were estimated by a regression of ME intake and relative daily gain. The results showed that in CST, MEm and efficiency of energy utilization for gain were 450 (kJ/kg BW0.75/d), and 56% respectively. In RGI, the MEm and energy for growth were 3.66 (kJ/g BW0.75/d), and 10.4 kJ per g gain. In conclusion, using RGI method is recommended to estimate energy requirement for maintenance and growth in growing turkey due to its simplicity.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Energy balance
  • Energy Efficiency
  • heat production
  • Metabolizable energy
  • Poultry
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