Hossein Mohammadi; mohammad Shamsollahi
Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 23 November 2023
Abstract
The aim of the present study genome wide association studies based on Gene set enrichment analysis for identifying the loci associated with related to fleece traits in Cashmere goat using the high-confidence SNPs. For this purpose, the 192 Cashmere goats were performed with fiber length, fiber diameter ...
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The aim of the present study genome wide association studies based on Gene set enrichment analysis for identifying the loci associated with related to fleece traits in Cashmere goat using the high-confidence SNPs. For this purpose, the 192 Cashmere goats were performed with fiber length, fiber diameter and cashmere yield in GEMMA software. Using the biomaRt2 R package the SNP were assigned to genes. Finally, a gene enrichment analysis was performed with the KOBAS platform from online bioinformatics databases. Bioinformatic analysis showed that the identified genomic regions directly and indirectly overlap with genes affecting the production of keratinocytes, epidermal growth and development, hair follicle growth and collagen. According to pathway analysis, 18 pathways from gene ontology and KEGG pathway were associated with the quantity and quality wool trait (P˂0.05). Among those pathways, the Oxytocin signaling pathway, positive regulation of intracellular protein transport and epidermal cell differentiation has an important role in the hair follicle development, keratinocytes differentiation and development of epidermal. Also, the MAPK signaling pathway, cellular response to hormone stimulus and Insulin secretion significant association with quantity wool traits. Using these findings could potentially be useful for genetic selection in the breeding programs and can be used to understand the genetic mechanism controlling this trait. However, it will be necessary to carry out more association and functional studies to demonstrate the implication of genes obtained from association analyses. Using these findings can accelerate the genetic progress in the breeding programs with the aim of producing fine fibers.
Hadi Behzad; Taghi Ghoorchi; Mostafa Hossein Abadi; Jafar Bashtini
Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 11 June 2024
Abstract
Abstract: To measure the apparent digestibility of wheat straw nutrients with pomegranate pomace or chicken manure by three methods of acid-insoluble ash, acid-insoluble lignin, and total feces collection, from four male camels with an average weight of 116.25±9.35 kg and age of one year were used in ...
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Abstract: To measure the apparent digestibility of wheat straw nutrients with pomegranate pomace or chicken manure by three methods of acid-insoluble ash, acid-insoluble lignin, and total feces collection, from four male camels with an average weight of 116.25±9.35 kg and age of one year were used in a completely random design. The duration of the experiment was 42 days (two periods of 21 days), including 14 days of habituation and seven days of sampling. The experimental treatments included: 1) wheat straw with 25% pomegranate pomace and 2) wheat straw with 25% chicken manure. The results showed There is a significant difference between the two methods of acid-insoluble ash indicator and total feces collection in estimating the digestibility coefficients of dry matter, organic matter, crude fat, insoluble fibers in neutral detergent and insoluble fibers in acid detergent of wheat straw with pomegranate pomace (P>0.05). But such a difference was not observed in estimating the digestibility coefficients of wheat straw and chicken manure. The recovery percentage of acid-insoluble ash in wheat straw + chicken manure diet was 105.14±17.08. In general, it seems that due to the weak correlation between the three methods of measuring digestibility and taking into account the existing limitations, including the cost and many facilities, especially in large livestock, in determining digestibility with the method Collecting total feces and acid-insoluble lignin, the acid-insoluble ash method can be used to determine digestibility in camels.
Reza Khodaverdi; Mohammad Hassan Fathi Nasri; Hassan Fazaeli; seysd homayoon farhangfar
Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 11 June 2024
Abstract
Introduction: The use of agricultural plants resistant to environmental stresses, such as fodder beet, is inevitable in water shortage conditions. These types of products have high moisture, which makes it difficult to store them. Total mixed ration (TMR) silage can be a good solution for this problem. ...
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Introduction: The use of agricultural plants resistant to environmental stresses, such as fodder beet, is inevitable in water shortage conditions. These types of products have high moisture, which makes it difficult to store them. Total mixed ration (TMR) silage can be a good solution for this problem. In this study, the possibility of using fodder beet in level of 25 or 35% (DM basis) in TMR silage and fattening ration of Afshari male lambs were evaluated by in vitro and in vivo methods.
Material and Methods: Two experiments were designed. Two fattening lamb diets containing two levels of fodder beet (25% and 35%, DM basis) were evaluated as TMR silage for 60 days, and then the ration containing 25% level was used in two forms of TMR silage (60-days silage) and TMR in for a 70-days period, in the feeding of fattening lambs.
Results and Discussion: Silage fermentation properties and aerobic stability were significantly affected by diet and time. Increasing the level of fodder beet, decreased pH, NDF, ADF, starch of silage. Lambs fed with TMR silage, consumed more dry matter than the control group, and other performance indices did not show significant differences.
Conclusion: Based on the results obtained from this research, feeding TMR silage containing 25% fodder beet caused better fermentation characteristics and aerobic stability compared to 35% level and seems that it can be used to feeding male fattening lambs, without any adverse effect on performance and health
عبدالرضا Salehi; gholamreza Peykani; ali assadi-alamouti; Mohammad Jajik khari
Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 11 June 2024
Abstract
Determining the production function is one of the most effective and best ways to check the continuity of milk production and indicates the relationship between the consumption of food inputs and milk production. The aim of this research was to investigate the effects of the production function in breeding ...
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Determining the production function is one of the most effective and best ways to check the continuity of milk production and indicates the relationship between the consumption of food inputs and milk production. The aim of this research was to investigate the effects of the production function in breeding programs and their use in selecting better animals.
To achieve these goals, data on milk production and feed consumption from one of the industrial farms in Tehran province were used. Various methods were examined in this study: 1- using OLS approach in R environment to estimate the milk production function, 2- using the Peykani extended ordinary least square (POLS) method, 3- estimating the breeding value of milk production using POLS function and physical milk production (field data) using Wombat software, 4- comparing OLS production functions obtained in R with POLS production function, 5- Genetic evaluation of animals and ranking dairy cows.
The estimated functions based on the ordinary least squares method were incorrect in terms of signs and coefficients, and did not fit the milk production curve well. Based on the findings of this study, the non-linear regression model of Peykani (POLS) is the best in the curve fitting and economical production of milk. By using the estimated breeding values in this method، one can choose the best animals as the parents of future generations.
The ability to estimate the production function based on the POLS method, to create a standard curve of dairy cows is very high.
Mozfar Kouchaki; mohammad shamsollahi; Farshid Fatahnia; Hooman Farzadi; Yahya Mohammadi
Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 12 June 2024
Abstract
The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effect of dietary cation-anion difference (DCAD) of flushing diet around mating on plasma metabolites and hormones concentrations and reproductive performance of Kurdish ewes and sex and BW of their lambs. Eighty four Kurdish ewes with average BW of 40±5 ...
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The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effect of dietary cation-anion difference (DCAD) of flushing diet around mating on plasma metabolites and hormones concentrations and reproductive performance of Kurdish ewes and sex and BW of their lambs. Eighty four Kurdish ewes with average BW of 40±5 kg, BCS of 2.75±0.25 and 2-4 years were used. Ewes were divided into two similar groups and randomly assigned to experimental diets. Experimental diets consisted of 1- cationic diet and 2- anionic diet and their DCAD were +193 and -21 mEq/kg of DM, respectively. Ewes fed experimental diets from 2 weeks before estrous synchronization till 3 weeks after mating. Estrous of ewes were synchronized by 9-d intravaginal sponge and intramuscular injection of 5 mL vetaroline at the day of sponge removal. Experimental diets had no effect on estrous response, fertility rate, lambing rate, twining rate and birth BW and sex of lambs (P>0.05). Ewes fed anionic diet had higher plasma progesterone and lower estradiol levels at the days of sponge removal and estrous than those fed cationic diet (P<0.05). Plasma concentrations of sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium did not influence by DCAD of flushing diet (P>0.05). According to these results, feeding flushing diet with different DCAD around mating had no effect on lamb sex ratio in Kurdish ewes.
maryam bazgiri; Jamal Fayazi; mohammad salehi; vahid jajarmi
Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 12 June 2024
Abstract
The myostatin gene (MSTN) plays an important role in the regulation of skeletal muscle mass, and the translational inhibition of this gene indicates an increase in muscle mass, which is known as the "double-muscle phenotype." Disruption of MSTN gene expression using CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing ...
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The myostatin gene (MSTN) plays an important role in the regulation of skeletal muscle mass, and the translational inhibition of this gene indicates an increase in muscle mass, which is known as the "double-muscle phenotype." Disruption of MSTN gene expression using CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing technology has shown muscle growth and growth rate in livestock species including sheep and goats. This research was carried out in order to produce Vramini sheep embryos carrying MSTN gene knockout and to examine the embryos. In the first step, CRISPOR software (http://crispor.tefor.net/) was used for initial screening to design and select guide RNA. Two guide RNAs targeting an exon of the MSTN gene were selected. Then, 50 ng of the mixture of two guide RNAs along with Cas9 mRNA was microinjected into the oocytes at the same time. Among the 12 embryos produced, five embryos showed CRISPR technology markers. Sequencing results showed two types of mutations for guide RNA1 and guide RNA2 separately, but both types of guide RNA did not function simultaneously in any of the embryos. The percentage of cell cut with Synthego site was reported as 83%. The nucleotide sequence of the exon of a Varamini sheep MSTN was different from the reference sequence registered in NCBI. The amino acid sequence of the embryos carrying the MSTN gene knockout showed the termination code, which can cause a change in its protein synthesis, followed by an increase in muscle volume.
Soheila Ebrahimi; Mohammad Hassan Fathi Nasri; Homayoun Farhangfar
Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 13 June 2024
Abstract
The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of feeding of saffron petal (SP) on performance, blood parameters and antioxidant status of blood and meat of Afshri male lambs. Eighteen male Afshari lambs aged 4 to 5 months with an average initial weight of 17±2.5 kg, were fed with one of the ...
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The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of feeding of saffron petal (SP) on performance, blood parameters and antioxidant status of blood and meat of Afshri male lambs. Eighteen male Afshari lambs aged 4 to 5 months with an average initial weight of 17±2.5 kg, were fed with one of the three experimental diets in a completely randomized design. Experimental diets were included as 1: control (basal diet without SP), 2: basal diet with the addition of 1.5% SP and 3: basal diet with the addition of 3% SP (DM basis). The experimental period was 84 days and lambs were slaughtered at the end of period. The results showed that the addition of SP to the diet had no effect on feed intake, daily weight gain and nutrient digestibility. The amount of plasma urea in lambs fed with both levels of SP and the amount of plasma glucose, cholesterol and triglyceride in lambs fed with 3% of SP significantly decreased (P<0.05). In lambs fed with 3% SP, the total antioxidant capacity and activity of glutathione peroxidase enzyme in blood and LL muscle was increased and the amount of malondialdehyde in the blood and LL muscle was decreased (P<0.05). But, the activity of superoxide dismutase in the blood was not affected. Overall, the results of this research showed that adding 3% of SP to the diet of fattening lambs without affecting the performance, improved the antioxidant status of the blood and increased the shelf life durability of meat.
zahra Mostafaie; Mehran Torki; Kianosh Chaghamirza; Rouhallah Sharifi
Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 16 June 2024
Abstract
The majority of energy sources in poultry diets are corn and wheat, but, Wheat due to availability could be considered as a suitable replacement for corn in the diets of broilers and laying hens in many countries On the other hand, wheat contains soluble non-starch polysaccharides, including non-starch ...
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The majority of energy sources in poultry diets are corn and wheat, but, Wheat due to availability could be considered as a suitable replacement for corn in the diets of broilers and laying hens in many countries On the other hand, wheat contains soluble non-starch polysaccharides, including non-starch polysaccharides (NSP), which the inclusion level of wheat is limited.The arabinoxylans are the main NSP in wheat that increasing the viscosity of the digesta and reducing nutrient digestibility direct-fed microbial (DFM) supplements include Bacillus velezensis, Trichoderma, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which are used as biological control agents due to their high ability to suppress disease agents and inhibit the proliferation of intestinal pathogens.
Materials and Methods: The total number of 240 Hy-Line W-36 laying hens were randomly distributed between 40 cages, and the five experimental diets including (A) corn-soybean meal-based control diet, (B) wheat-based diet with no microbial additive, (C) wheat-based diet with 1×109 cfu/kg Bacillus velezensis, (D) wheat-based diet with 1×105 cfu/kg Trichoderma and (E) wheat-based diet with B. velezensis + Trichoderma were assigned to hens with 8 replicate cages per diet and 6 hens per each replicate.
Results and Discussion: Increased egg production (EP), feed intake (FI), improved feed conversion ratio (FCR) and decreased pH of jejunum, ileum and caecum were observed in layers fed the diet included B. velezensis + Trichoderma (P<0.05). the direct-fed microbials enhanced the efficiency of nutrient adsorption and utilization, predominantly ascribable to the production of exogenous enzymes by the test probiotic.
Ramin Farhadi; Abbas Farshad; Jalal Rostamzadeh; Abouzar Najafi
Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 21 June 2024
Abstract
The present study was conducted in order to use different levels of curcumin in the diluting sperm epididymis of Shal breed rams during storage at five degrees Celsius in the form of a completely randomized design with four treatments in six replications. Sperm samples were extracted from the testicular ...
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The present study was conducted in order to use different levels of curcumin in the diluting sperm epididymis of Shal breed rams during storage at five degrees Celsius in the form of a completely randomized design with four treatments in six replications. Sperm samples were extracted from the testicular tissue and used in the Tris-egg yolk diluent. Different concentrations of curcumin including 0, 10, 25 and 50 μM were added to the diluents. The samples were gradually cooled at 5°C and after stabilization at this temperature, in 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours, the parameters of total motility, progressive motility, viability, membrane integrity and the percentage of sperm abnormalities were evaluated. The results showed that the use of 25μM curcumin improved the parameters of total motility, progressive motility, viability and membrane integrity only at 6 and 12 hours, but no significant difference was observed at 24 and 48 hours compared to other treatment groups. Regarding sperm abnormalities, no significant difference was observed between the treatments in all the examined times. The results of this study indicate that using a concentration of 25μM curcumin can lead to the improvement of ram epididymal sperm quality in the initial periods of storage, but it loses its effect in longer periods of time. Therefore, it is recommended to use nanotechnology methods to improve the effectiveness of curcumin, especially during long-term storage of ram sperm.
Parvin Sareminejad; Ali Kiani; Ayoub Azizi
Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 21 June 2024
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of using a slow-feed (hay-net) on feeding time, forage consumption rate, apparent digestibility, volatile fatty acids (VFA), bacterial population, and the activity of cellulolytic and amylolytic enzymes in the colon of horses. Eight Arabian horses (body weight= 396± ...
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This study investigated the effects of using a slow-feed (hay-net) on feeding time, forage consumption rate, apparent digestibility, volatile fatty acids (VFA), bacterial population, and the activity of cellulolytic and amylolytic enzymes in the colon of horses. Eight Arabian horses (body weight= 396± 45 kg, age= 9±3 years) were used in a cross-over design for two period of 28 days each. During each period, four horses received forage through a hay-net. Fecal samples were collected on days 21 to 28 of each period. The results showed that using hay net significantly increased (P <0.05) feeding time from 257 to 659 minutes per day and decreased (P <0.05) forage consumption rate from 1592 and 610 g/h. The hay-net did not affect the total VFA and relative VFAs (P < 0.05). Lactobacillus populations in horses with hay-net increased (P <0.05) compared to those without hay-net. The populations of cellulitic, amylolytic, escherichia coli, and coliforms bacteria were unchanged by hay-net. The activity of carboxy methyl cellulase enzyme significantly increased (P <0.05), while the activity of microcrystalline cellulase, amylase, and filter paper decomposition activity was not affected (P < 0.05) by hay-net. In conclusion, slow-feed hay net devices successfully limited the forage consumption rate, expanded feeding time, and changed the activity of some fiber-decomposing enzymes in the large intestine of horses, however, the recommendation of hay-nets for nutritional management in horses needs further investigation.
Amir Hossein Rezakhani; Kamran Rezayazdi; Yunes Ali Alijoo
Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 23 June 2024
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the effect of feeding different fat supplements on the production performance and some parameters of blood and rumen in fresh Holstein cows. Thirty two cows with an average body weight of 649.28 ± 29.11 kg and body condition score of 3.78 ± 0.30, were randomly assigned ...
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The aim of this study was to compare the effect of feeding different fat supplements on the production performance and some parameters of blood and rumen in fresh Holstein cows. Thirty two cows with an average body weight of 649.28 ± 29.11 kg and body condition score of 3.78 ± 0.30, were randomly assigned to each of the 4 experimental treatments. The duration of the experiment was from parturition to 21 days postpartum. The experimental diets were: 1) no fat supplement, 2) calcium-salt of unsaturated fatty acids, 3) calcium-salt of saturated fatty acids, and 4) mixture of both (1:1). Dry matter intake and milk production were recorded daily. Cows were weighed at d 7, 14, and 21DIM. Blood samples were taken after morningfeeding at d 0, 7, and 21 DIM. In order to measure fermentation parameters, the ruminal fluid samples were taken on the 21st day postpartum. Calcium salt of unsaturated fatty acids decreased and saturated and mixed increased dry matter intake (P<0.05). Milk yield, fat content, 4% fat corrected milk yield, energy corrected milk yield and feed efficiency, and the plasma concentrations of beta-hydroxybutyrate and ruminal fermentation parameters were not affected by the treatments. The plasma concentration of non-esterified fatty acids in the control and second treatment group were above the matgine. According to the results of the research and performance of the cows, in the diet of fresh cows, an equal mixture of fatty acid supplements containing saturated and unsaturated fatty acids can be used.