Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1 School of Veterinary Medicine, Lorestan University, Khorram Abad, Iran. E-mail: rostami.mi@fv.u.ac.ir
2 Corresponding Author, Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Lorestan University, Khorram Abad, Iran. E-mail: kheradmand.a@lu.ac.ir
3 Department of Surgery and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. E-mail: mmfard@ut.ac.ir
Abstract
Objective: Due to the economic losses caused by mammary gland diseases in ruminants, a quick and accurate diagnosis of is necessary and new, precise and rapid techniques such as ultrasonography should be employed . Ultrasonography has the advantage of being non-invasive and can be used to study a variety of mammary gland structures. Using of "Water bath" and dipping of udder within the water is the primary ultrasonic mothod with high resolution in order to diagnostic study of different structures of udder and teat. This method causes the teat to be without any under pressure and therefor prevents teat deformity upon examination. Thus, the teat remains in its normal form, and ultrasonographic images acquired will be the most clear and resoulative.
Method: The objective of this study was to compare udder and teat in pregnant and non-pregnant native goats, and right and left quarter in each udder. In this respect, 50 slaughtered native goats at the Golshan slaughterhouse of Khorramabad were sampled and divided into two groups of pregnant and non-pregnant udder (25 samples in each group) based on the presence of the embryo in the uterus and isolated from them. Ultrasonography of udder and teat were performed using a water bath and a linear probe at frequency of 7.5 MHz. All samples were examined and two groups of specimens were measured using the ruler option of the instrument. Udder cistern diameter, teat end width, teat cistern depth, teat wall thickness and teat canal length were statistically compared using student t test.
Results: This study found that the measured parameters of the teat cistern depth and teat end width in pregnant goats were significantly different than that of non-pregnant goats (P<0.05), whereas there was no significant difference in the measured parameter of teat wall thickness between pregnant and non-pregnant goats. There were no significant differences between the teat canal length and the udder cistern diameter in the comparison of the quarter leaves of pregnant and non-pregnant goats and in the comparison of right quarter,. Also, there was no significant difference between left quarter and right quarter in any of the measured parameters in both pregnant goats and non-pregnant goats.
Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, ultrasonography of udder and teat appears to be a promising and practical technique for diagnosis imaging of the health status and/or potential pathological disorders of udder and teat of native goats in the farm or research studies.
Keywords
)