Ebrahim Babakhani; Reza Rostamian
Volume 23, Issue 3 , September 2021, , Pages 421-431
Abstract
The current study aimed to investigate the effects of adding probiotic and encapsulated thyme essential oil (TEO) on growth performance and immune responses of broiler chicks by multi attribute decision making (MADM). In the current study, 420 broiler chicks were allocated into 7 experimental groups ...
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The current study aimed to investigate the effects of adding probiotic and encapsulated thyme essential oil (TEO) on growth performance and immune responses of broiler chicks by multi attribute decision making (MADM). In the current study, 420 broiler chicks were allocated into 7 experimental groups with 6 replication and 10 broiler chicks per replication for 42 days. The experimental treatments were included 1) diet lack of TEO and probiotic (control), 2) diet containing 100 mg probiotic, 3) diet containing 100 mg TEO, 4) diet containing 200 mg probiotic, 5) diet containing 200 mg TEO, 6) diet containing 100 mg probiotic+100 mg TEO, and 7) diet containing 200 mg TEO+ 200 mg probiotic. Growth performance and humoral immune responses were investigated. Index weights for weight gain, feed conversion ratio, production index were 0.2, 0.15 and 0.25, respectively and index weight of 0.1 was considered for other parameters. Coefficients for control, probiotic 100, TEO 100, probiotic 200, TEO 200, probiotic 100 + TEO 100 and probiotic 200 + TEO 200 were 0.0476, 0.126, 0.198, 0.315, 0.427, 0.727 and 0.956, respectively. Thus, adding 100 mg probiotic and 100 mg TEO into diet increased immune response and growth performance. Based on obtained results, it is suggested that dietary inclusion of 100 mg TEO + 100 mg probiotic in diet of broiler chicks has a potential to improve immune response and growth performance.
Michael Gholipour; Vahid Vahedi; Zarbakht Ansari Pirsarei
Volume 22, Issue 3 , September 2020, , Pages 431-440
Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the effects of Propolis on growth performance, carcass characteristics and some blood parameters in broiler chickens in response to heat stress condition. A total of 160 one day-old male broiler chicks (Ross 308) were randomly divided into four treatment groups in ...
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This study was conducted to determine the effects of Propolis on growth performance, carcass characteristics and some blood parameters in broiler chickens in response to heat stress condition. A total of 160 one day-old male broiler chicks (Ross 308) were randomly divided into four treatment groups in a completely randomized design with four replicates of 10 birds each. The experimental treatments including: 1) control (basal diet), 2) the basal diet with Neomycin (200 g/ton), 3) 150 mg/kg Propolis, 4) 200 mg/kg Propolis in diet. Birds submitted to heat stress (32±2ºC from 10.00 AM to 6.00 PM) from 15 to 42 d of age. The results showed that, average mortality was lower in Propolis groups than in the control group (p < 0.05). None of the feed intake data was influenced by treatments during different periods. Birds receiving diet supplemented with 200 mg/kg Propolis had a significantly (p < 0.05) higher body weight compared to the control group at the finisher feeding phase and whole period. In the finisher phase and whole period, the lowest (p < 0.05) fed conversion ratio (FCR) was observed in chickens fed 200 mg/kg Propolis. Cholesterol and LDL level were lower in chickens fed diet with Propolis compared to control (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the addition of Propolis at a rate of 200 mg/kg to the diet could reduce the negative effects of heat stress in broiler chickens.
Vajiheh Nikoofard; Akbar Yaghobfar; Shahab Ghazi Harsini; Ali Asghar Saki
Volume 20, Issue 3 , November 2018, , Pages 463-476
Abstract
The effect of diet with different protein quality andsupplemented with crystalline amino acids on performance, immune response, enzyme activity in the intestinal tissue and litter characteristics, using 576 Ross 308 (mixed sex) broiler chickens,in a 2 × 4 factorial experiment with two experimental ...
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The effect of diet with different protein quality andsupplemented with crystalline amino acids on performance, immune response, enzyme activity in the intestinal tissue and litter characteristics, using 576 Ross 308 (mixed sex) broiler chickens,in a 2 × 4 factorial experiment with two experimental diets (high and low protein quality) and four levels of crystalline amino acids (recommended levels, without supplemented crystalline amino acids, 10 and 15% higher than the recommended levels)in a completely randomized design with eight treatments, six replicates and 12 chicks per replicate was investigated.The results of this study showed that, adding crystalline amino acids at levels of 10 and 15% higher than the recommended level to diets containing canola meal and wheat (as low quality protein source) caused an increase in performance (P<0.0001), the number of heterophile and heterophile to lymphocyte ratio (P<0.001) and decreased the number of lymphocyte (P<0.01). The treatments with crystalline amino acids hadn’t significant effect on the enzyme activity aminopeptidase and specific activity of the enzyme in jejunum. Also, adding crystalline amino acids at levels of 10 and 15% higher than the recommended level ina low-quality diet were not significantly affected dry matter, nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen in the litter. According to these results, the use ofcrystalline amino acids higher than the recommended levels in the diets with high quality (as maize-soybean meal) has no effect on the performance of broiler chickens and is not recommended.
Zahra Karimi Banrivand; Mansour Rezaei; Mohammad Kazemi Fard; Mohammad Ali Tajick Ghanbari
Volume 24, Issue 4 , December 2022, , Pages 489-500
Abstract
This research was carried out to evaluate the effect of sunflower seed meal fermented with Aspergillus niger and Saccharomyces cerevisiae on performance, nutrient digestibility, immune response, some blood parameters in 200 male Ross 308 broiler chicks in a completely randomized design. with five treatments. ...
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This research was carried out to evaluate the effect of sunflower seed meal fermented with Aspergillus niger and Saccharomyces cerevisiae on performance, nutrient digestibility, immune response, some blood parameters in 200 male Ross 308 broiler chicks in a completely randomized design. with five treatments. Experimental treatments were: 1- Diet containing sunflower seed meal fermented by Aspergillus niger 2- Diet containing sunflower seed meal fermented by Saccharomyces cerevisiae 3- Diet containing sunflower seed meal fermented by both Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus niger 4- Diet containing sunflower seed meal without processing 5-Control diet based on corn and soybean meal. Feed intake in control and treatment 1 were higher than the other treatments in starter and finisher periods of the experiment (P<0.05). Daily Feed intake in control group was higher than the other treatments in whole period of the experiment (P<0.05). Daily weight gain in control and treatment 1 were higher than the other group in starter and grower periods of the experiment (P<0.05). Feed conversion ratio in treatment 1 was better in finisher phase. In whole period of the experiment, feed conversion ratio in control and treatment 1 was better than the other treatments (P<0.05). Dry matter, crude protein, crude fat digestibility in the control group was higher than the other treatments (P<0.05). In conclusion, inclusion of sunflower seed meal fermented with Aspergillus niger, in broiler diet showed similar feed conversion ratio in compared to control group in whole period of the experiment and also lowered abdominal fat percentage.
Meisam Tamizi Jooneghani; Shokoufe Ghazanfari; Alireza Aghashahi; Seyed Davood Sharifi; Seyyed Abdollah Hosseini
Volume 18, Issue 3 , October 2016, , Pages 501-512
Abstract
This study was carried out to investigate the effects of Humulus lupulus essential oils as an alternative to antibiotic and antioxidant on productive performance, lipids stability of meat and ileum microbial population in broiler chickens during days 1 to 42 of age. A total of 625 day-old Arian broiler ...
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This study was carried out to investigate the effects of Humulus lupulus essential oils as an alternative to antibiotic and antioxidant on productive performance, lipids stability of meat and ileum microbial population in broiler chickens during days 1 to 42 of age. A total of 625 day-old Arian broiler chicks were used in a completely randomized design with five treatments (200 and 400 mg/kg Humulus lupulusessential oils, 100 mg/kg antibiotic avilamycin, 150 mg/kg protexin probiotic and control) and five replicates of 25 birds each. Broilers that were fed dietary Humulus lupulus oil at level of 400 mg/kg and antibiotic revealed higher feed intake than broilers fed dietary Humulus lupulusoil at level of 200 mg/kg (P<0.05). Dietary Humulus lupulus oil at level of 200 mg/kg and probiotic had best production index compared with Humulus lupulus oil at level of 400 mg/kg treatment (P<0.05). The Humulus lupulus oils (200 and 400 mg/kg) treatments showed lower thigh muscles malondialdehyde concentration compared with antibiotic and probiotic treatments as well as control group (P<0.01). Broilers were fed dietary 400 mg/kg Humulus lupulus oil had highest lactobacillus count of the ileum compared with other treatments (P<0.05). Dietary Humulus lupulus oil at level of 200 mg/kg improved broiler productive performance, however improvement of ileum microbial population and meat quality were observed when 400 mg/kg dietary Humulus lupulus oil was applied.
Tahereh Mersadi-Sabet-Kordmahale; Maziar Mohiti-Asli; Hassan Darmani-Kuhi
Volume 21, Issue 4 , January 2020, , Pages 521-531
Abstract
This experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of different inclusion levels of free and microencapsulated essential oil of Ajowan (EOA) herb in broilers diet on growth performance and some ileal bacteria population. A total of 320 one-day-old chicks were distributed in a completely ...
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This experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of different inclusion levels of free and microencapsulated essential oil of Ajowan (EOA) herb in broilers diet on growth performance and some ileal bacteria population. A total of 320 one-day-old chicks were distributed in a completely randomized design with 2×4 factorial arrangement. The dietary factors were 2 different forms of EOA (free and encapsulated) and 4 dietary inclusion levels of EOA (0, 50, 100 and 150 mg/kg). Growth performance parameters were recorded throughout the experiment, and intestinal organs weight and ileal microbial population were measured on 42 day of age. Broilers fed encapsulated EOA in diet had higher body weight gain and lower feed conversion ratio during 1 to 21 day of age than those fed free EOA (P<0.05). Higher relative weight of liver (% of live weight) was achieved in broilers fed diets supplemented with encapsulated EOA (P<0.05). There was a significant interaction between the form and dietary levels of EOA on E. coli count (P<0.05). As a general conclusion, use of encapsulated EOA led to an improvement in body weight gain, FCR, and European Production Index, in the first three weeks of growth and in the whole period of growth phase, respectively.
Abuzar gholampour; Khalil Mirzadeh; Saleh TabatabaeiVakili
Volume 23, Issue 4 , January 2022, , Pages 583-592
Abstract
The study aimed to investigate the effect of asparagus extract on quality semen of Arabian rams at different storage times at a temperature of 4 degrees Celsius. Sperm collection was performed from 10 Arab rams with an average age of 2.5 years per week (once a week) for six weeks. After adding 0, 1.5, ...
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The study aimed to investigate the effect of asparagus extract on quality semen of Arabian rams at different storage times at a temperature of 4 degrees Celsius. Sperm collection was performed from 10 Arab rams with an average age of 2.5 years per week (once a week) for six weeks. After adding 0, 1.5, 3 and 4.5% asparagus extract to the semen diluent, sperm quality parameters were evaluated at 0, 24, 48, and 72 hours after storage in liquid condition. At zero hour, sperm viability in diluent had 3% asparagus extract was higher than diluent containing 0 and 4.5% extract (P<0.05). After 24 hours of semen storage, the parameters of total motility, progressive motility, plasma membrane integrity and viability were higher in sperm diluent containing 1.5 and 3% of the extract (P<0.05). Qualitative parameters of sperm in 48 hours after sperm collection and storage in diluent contain 3% of extract had significant and better performance (P<0.05). The highest rate of plasma membrane integrity, progressive motility and total sperm motility was observed in diluent containing 3% extract in 72 hours after sperm storage (P<0.05). According to the results of this study, the use of asparagus extract in the diluent at the rate of 3% improves the sperm quality of Arabian rams after cooling conditions.
ehsan shahrami; mohammad jabbari rad; seyed abdollah hosseini; mehdi eftekhari
Volume 22, Issue 4 , December 2020, , Pages 609-618
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different levels of dill powder on growth performance, hormonal immune system and cecal microbial population of broiler chickens using 420 mail broiler Ross 308 strain in a completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 6 replicates. The ...
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This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different levels of dill powder on growth performance, hormonal immune system and cecal microbial population of broiler chickens using 420 mail broiler Ross 308 strain in a completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 6 replicates. The treatments were including control diet, diets containing 0.2, 0.5 and 1 percent dill powder and a diet that contained 200 mg/kg flavomycin antibiotic. Body weight gain and feed conversion ratio were higher in chickens fed with flavomycin and dill powder at the levels of 0.5 and 1% in diet (P<0.05). Abdominal fat was lower in birds received 1% dill powder than those administrated by antibiotic and control group (P<0.05). The Escherichia coli and lactobacilli count in birds fed dill powder containing diets were lower and higher than birds fed control and antibiotic containing diets, respectively (P<0.05). Second antibody titer against SRBC was higher in birds fed by 1% dill powder in diet compared to birds fed the control diet (P<0.05). In challenge with NDV and influenza viruses, birds fed dill powder had higher antibody titer compared to those fed control and antibiotic containing diet (P<0.05). According to results of the present experiment, using 0.5 or 1% dill powder in diet improves performance, immune responses and intestinal microbial environment of broiler chickens and can be used as a good replacement for antibiotic growth promoters.
Hassan Shirzadi; Hossein Nasermanesh; Ali Khatibjoo; Kamran Taherpour; Mohammadi Akbari Gharaei
Volume 20, Issue 4 , February 2019, , Pages 613-623
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the effects of Artemisia annua L. essential oil (AAEO) and probiotic (Lactobacillus acidophilus) on egg and carcass quality of laying Japanese quails. A total of 180 46-d-old female Japanese quail were randomly allocated to 4 dietary treatments in a completely randomized ...
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The aim of this study was to examine the effects of Artemisia annua L. essential oil (AAEO) and probiotic (Lactobacillus acidophilus) on egg and carcass quality of laying Japanese quails. A total of 180 46-d-old female Japanese quail were randomly allocated to 4 dietary treatments in a completely randomized design with five replicates and nine birds per each. The experimental diets were: 1) basal diet as control group (without additive), 2) basal diet plus oxytetracycline (200 mg/kg), 3) basal diet plus AAEO (250 mg/kg) and 4) basal diet plus probiotic (4 CFU Lactobacillus acidophilus per kg diet). Results showed that the use of probiotic caused to an increase in the cumulative egg weight and daily egg mass, when compared with control and AAEO treatments (P<0.05). In comparison to control group, supplementing the basal diet with AAEO resulted in decreases on MDA level of egg yolk (P<0.05) and liver weight (P=0.06). In addition, the F3 and F2 follicles weights were increased when the basal diet supplemented with each of the feed additives (P <0.05). It can be concluded that, Lactobacillus acidophilus can be used as an alternative to antibiotics for increasing the egg production, and AAEO can be used to produce healthy products in feeding laying Japanese quails.
Maliheh Kamali; Mozhgan Mazhari; Omidali Esmaeilipour; Rouhollah Mirmahmoudi
Volume 19, Issue 3 , November 2017, , Pages 645-656
Abstract
To investigate the effect of different levels of Allium ampeloprasum powder (AP) and flavophospholipol (FP) on growth performance, blood metabolites and small intestine morphology of broilers, an experiment was conducted on 200, day-old male broiler chicks (Ross 308) in a completely randomized design ...
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To investigate the effect of different levels of Allium ampeloprasum powder (AP) and flavophospholipol (FP) on growth performance, blood metabolites and small intestine morphology of broilers, an experiment was conducted on 200, day-old male broiler chicks (Ross 308) in a completely randomized design with 5 treatments, 4 replicates and 10 chicks per each. The treatments consisted of: corn-soybean meal as basal diet (BD), BD + 0.02% flavophospholipol, BD + 0.5% AP, BD + 075% AP and BD + 1% AP. The results showed that feed intake (FI) increased by FP treatment over all periods (P<0.01). Addition of FP, increased WG in starter phase (P<0.05). In grower and whole period the best WG and FCR was observed for FP, 1 and 0.75% AP (P<0.01) treatments. Blood glucose, triglycerides and cholesterol were decreased by AP significantly (P<0.05). Heterophil to lymphocyte ratio decreased significantly by 1% AP compared to control group (P<0.05). Villi height and villi height to crypt depth ratio increased by FP and AP supplementation (P<0.05). Based on results, 0.75 and 1% AP had positive effect on growth performance, immunity and small intestine health of broilers and with regards to restriction on the use of antibiotic in broiler ration, AP can be used to improve growth performance and immunity of broilers.
Hossein Gholami
Volume 18, Issue 4 , December 2016, , Pages 741-748
Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the metabolizable and net energy for lactation of Iranian sainfoin using chemical composition and gas production data obtained by experiments being carried out in different animal nutrition laboratories mainly Animal Science Research Institute (ASRI) (from 1987 to ...
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This study was conducted to determine the metabolizable and net energy for lactation of Iranian sainfoin using chemical composition and gas production data obtained by experiments being carried out in different animal nutrition laboratories mainly Animal Science Research Institute (ASRI) (from 1987 to 2011) in IRAN. Linear fitted equations as well as logarithmic, inverse, quadratic, cubic, power, S and exponential fitted equations for components such as crude protein, crude fat, crude ash, crude fiber, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber and NFE were estimated. The obtained equations for crude protein were very significant (P<0.001) with high coefficient of the determination (R2 = 0.731). In the above mentioned equations for estimating metabolizable energy of sainfoin hay, crude protein can be chosen as an independent variable. By selecting crude protein as an independent variable and related equations, Metabolizable energy (ME), net energy for lactation (NEL), Net energy for maintenance (NEm) and net energy for growth (NEg) of Iranian sainfoin were 2.43, 1.29, 1.55 and 0.94 Mcal/Kg DM, respectively. The result showed, with a simple chemical experiment of crude protein in the animal nutrition laboratory can be estimated available energy of Iranian sainfoin and used it in ruminant diets.
Hasan Dalvand; Arash Azarfar; abbas masoudi
Volume 19, Issue 4 , March 2018, , Pages 863-877
Abstract
Effects of dietary inclusion of rice bran on production performance, carcass characteristics, ileal digestibility of nutrients and some blood parameters were studied using 240 day-old (mixture of male and female chickens) Ross broiler chicken which assigned in a completely randomized design to four treatments ...
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Effects of dietary inclusion of rice bran on production performance, carcass characteristics, ileal digestibility of nutrients and some blood parameters were studied using 240 day-old (mixture of male and female chickens) Ross broiler chicken which assigned in a completely randomized design to four treatments with five replicates of 12 birds each. The experimental treatments included control diet and diets containing 2.5, five and 7.5% of rice bran. The results of this study showed that although dietary inclusion of rice bran for all inclusion levels resulted in significant reduction (P<0.05) in feed consumption and daily gain in starter, grower and entire rearing period, it had no undesirable effects on feed conversion ratio and production efficiency index for the entire rearing period. Even though the addition of rice bran at level of 5% caused significant increase (P<0.05) in relative weight of duodenum and ileum in comparison with control group, this increase did not lead to improved digestibility of nutrient. Dietary inclusion of rice bran linearly increased the relative weight of liver (P<0.05), but the relative weight of Bursa of Fabricius in chicks fed diets containing rice bran was not significantly different with that of in control birds (P>0.05). Feeding chicks with diets containing 7.5% rice bran significantly elevatedserum concentration of glucose compared with those fed diets containing 2.5 and 5% rice bran (P<0.05). Dietary inclusion of rice bran linearly increased serum concentrations of cholesterol and VLDL in broiler chicks (P<0.05). The results of current study showed that dietary inclusion of raw rice bran without any processing in the diet of broiler chickens is not appropriate.
Volume 16, Issue 2 , October 2015, , Pages 1-10
Samane Abuli; Gholam Reza Dashab; Mohammad Rokouei; Mehdi Vafaei valeh
Volume 17, Issue 1 , April 2015, , Pages 107-117
Abstract
The polymorphism in exon three of FABP4 gene and its association with growth traits of 45 Sistani (n=30) and Dashtiari (n=15) cattle were investigated. DNA extraction from the whole blood was performed and its quality was determined by electrophoresis of one percent agarose gel. Animal genotypes were ...
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The polymorphism in exon three of FABP4 gene and its association with growth traits of 45 Sistani (n=30) and Dashtiari (n=15) cattle were investigated. DNA extraction from the whole blood was performed and its quality was determined by electrophoresis of one percent agarose gel. Animal genotypes were determined based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products and their band size electrophoresed on agarose 2.8 percent resulted from enzyme digestion by NlaIII. The pattern of bands showed three genotypes including AA, AB and BB in two Sistani and Dashtiari breeds with frequency of 67, 30 and three percent and 73, 27 and zero percent, respectively. The frequency of A and B alleles in exon three of FABP4 in Sistani and Dashtiari breeds were 82 and 18 percent and 86.5 and 13.5 percent, respectively. Heterozygosity indices including Shannon index (I), Nei’s index, observed and expected heterozygosity in Sistani and Dashtiari population were 48, 30, 30 and 30 percent and 39, 11, 27 and 24 percent, respectively. The association between genotypes and growth-related traits were significant for body weights in six, nine and 12 months of age. Therefore, this locus can be considered as a candidate gene in breeding programs for describing the variation of growth traits after weaning age in calves.
Drakhshanda Rahimhi; i Hossein Mansoori Yarahmad; Akbar Yaghobfar; Jafar Fakhraei
Volume 22, Issue 1 , March 2020, , Pages 117-128
Abstract
For carry out of this study we used 560 Ross 308 (mixed sex) broiler chickens, in a completely randomized design with seven t reatments, four replicates and 20 chickens per each replicate. Experimental treatments were: control (no additive), diets containing levels of 400 and 500 mg/kg Satureja ...
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For carry out of this study we used 560 Ross 308 (mixed sex) broiler chickens, in a completely randomized design with seven t reatments, four replicates and 20 chickens per each replicate. Experimental treatments were: control (no additive), diets containing levels of 400 and 500 mg/kg Satureja essential oil, diets containing levels of two and four percent garlic powder and diets containing levels of five and 10 percent clover leaf powder. The results of this study showed that weight gain of birds that fed with diets containing Satureja khuzistanica essential oil, garlic and clover leaf powder was less than the control birds (P<0/05) across the trial period. Experimental treatments had no significant effect on serum concentration of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4), cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL and LDL and percentage of dry matter and crude protein of breast muscle. Also, according to different holding times of breast muscle in the freezer (0, 24 and 48 hours), experimental treatments had no significant effect on the amount of MDA and free N at 24 and 48 hours after freezing. According to the results, using of Satureja essential oil, garlic and clover leaf powder at levels investigated in this study, do not have a significant effect on the performance and the antioxidant potential of breast muscle to modulate lipid per oxidation. Therefore, further studies are needed to evaluate the effectivness and active constituents of these nutrients and ensure their properties.
Zahra Amiri Ghanatsaman; Omidali Esmaeilipour; Rouhollah Mirmahmoudi; Mozhgan Mazhari
Volume 18, Issue 1 , April 2016, , Pages 119-128
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the effect of Mentha piperita (PP) and Melissa officinalis (MP)powder on performance, apparent digestibility of fat and protein and blood parametersof broiler chicks subjected to heat stress. 200-day-old male Ross broiler chicks were assigned to a completely randomized ...
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This study was conducted to investigate the effect of Mentha piperita (PP) and Melissa officinalis (MP)powder on performance, apparent digestibility of fat and protein and blood parametersof broiler chicks subjected to heat stress. 200-day-old male Ross broiler chicks were assigned to a completely randomized design with five dietary treatments and four replicates. The experimental treatments were: 1. Control group (diet without feed additive), 2. Diet supplemented with 0.5 percent PP, 3. Diet supplemented with 1 percent PP, 4. Diet supplemented with 0.2 percent MP and 5. Group supplemented with 0.4 percent MP. The experimental diets were offered to the chicks from 25 to 42 day of age. During the experiment, the birds were kept at 34°C ± 2 for 8 hours (9.00 to 17.00). The diets supplemented by Mentha piperita and Melissa officinalis powder had not significant effect on feed intake, but higher body weight gain (BWG) and lower feed conversion ratio (FCR) observed in the birds fed diet supplemented with one percent of PP. Apparent digestibility of dry matter and crude fat were not affected by the dietary treatments, but the digestibility of protein was increased (P<0.05) in birds fed on diet supplemented with one percent of PP. Dietaryinclusion of PP and MP had no effect on blood parameters. It could be concluded that addition of PP at the level of one percent of broilers diets during heat stress, improve protein digestibility and growth performance.
Meysam pourtaheri; Mehran Mehri; Farzad Bagherzadeh Kasmani; Mahmoud Ghazaghi
Volume 21, Issue 1 , April 2019, , Pages 127-137
Abstract
In order to evaluate the effects of different levels of mineral salts, chelates and nano iron resources supplementation to diet on performance, tissue iron reserves and meat quality of Japanese quails, an experiment was carried out using 400 Japanese quails in a completely randomized design with 10 experimental ...
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In order to evaluate the effects of different levels of mineral salts, chelates and nano iron resources supplementation to diet on performance, tissue iron reserves and meat quality of Japanese quails, an experiment was carried out using 400 Japanese quails in a completely randomized design with 10 experimental treatments and 4 replicates. The experimental treatments consisted of one basal diet without iron supplement (control) and basal diets supplemented with levels of 60, 90 and 120 mg/kg of sulfate, chelate and nano iron. Birds fed 120 mg chelate of iron had more weight gain than control, 60 and 120 mg sulfate (P<0.05). Nutrition of 90 and 120 mg Nano iron improved feed conversion ratio compared to controls, sulfate and 60 mg chelate iron. Birds fed with diet containing 90 and 120 mg chelate and 120 mg nano iron had more iron accumulation in breast meat than sulfate and control groups (P<0.05). The group of 120 mg chelate iron had higher water holding capacity than control, 60 mg and 90 mg sulfate, 60 mg chelate and 90 mg nano iron treatments, and lower amount of malondialdehyde than control and 60 mg sulfate iron groups. The group of 120 mg nano iron had higher iron in the liver and blood serum, and lower cooking loss compared to the control (P<0.05). Effect of experimental treatments on feed cost were not significant. In this study, various forms and levels of iron had a variable effect on the studied parameters.
Seyd Ahmad Sahaf; Heydar Zarghi; َAbolghasem Golian
Volume 20, Issue 1 , May 2018, , Pages 131-143
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of raw and/or autoclaved grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) seed in diet on performance and egg quality of laying hens. Three hundred and thirty-six Leghorn laying hens strain W-36 at 87 week of age were assigned in a completely randomize designed (CRD) ...
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This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of raw and/or autoclaved grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) seed in diet on performance and egg quality of laying hens. Three hundred and thirty-six Leghorn laying hens strain W-36 at 87 week of age were assigned in a completely randomize designed (CRD) experiment with 7 treatments, 6 replicates and 8 birds each. The experimental treatments included; corn-soybean meal (control) diet, and 8, 16 and 24% dietary levels of either raw or autoclaved grass pea grain. The experiment lasted for 12 weeks. Feed consumption, egg production percentage and egg mass of hens fed diets containing different levels of raw and autoclaved grass pea grain were significantly lower and their feed conversion ratio was significantly higher than those fed control diet. The autoclaving of grass pea grain resulted in significant increase in performance and eggshell quality indices in birds fed diets containing 16 and 24% grass pea grain. Although autoclaving of grass pea grain reduced the negative effect of its replacement in the diet on performance and egg characteristics, however, it could not compensate the reduction in performance. According to the results of this experiment, the utilization of raw grass pea grain is not recommended in laying hen diets. Also, autoclaving process alone can’t destroy the anti-nutritional factors present in grass pea grain.
mohammad Bojarpour; Akbar Yaghoobfar; somayeh salari
Volume 19, Issue 1 , May 2017, , Pages 159-174
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of physical form, barley variety and enzyme addition on Ileal digestibility, apparent metabolizable energy (AME) and energy efficiency of broiler chickens.The experiment was carried using a factorial experiment with a completely randomized desiegn. ...
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This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of physical form, barley variety and enzyme addition on Ileal digestibility, apparent metabolizable energy (AME) and energy efficiency of broiler chickens.The experiment was carried using a factorial experiment with a completely randomized desiegn. Factors were barley varity (Fajr, Reyhaneh, and Yosef), diet form (mash or pellet) and enzyme level (0 and 0/05 g/kg dry matter). Here 927 one day-old Ross 308 broiler chickens were assigned to 12 treatments, 3 replicates and 27 chickens in each replicate. The results of experiment indicated that the digestibility of nutrients, AME, apparent metabolizable energy corrected to zero nitrogen retention (AMEn) and energy efficiencies (NE/AMEn) affected by barley variety (p <0/05). Net Energy (NE) affected by main and interaction effects (P < 005). Diets containing Ryhaneh barley variety in comparison with other varietys, increased Ileal Digestibel Protein (IDP), Ileal Digestibel fat (IDF), NE, AME and AMEn (P <0/05). Although pelleting decreased Ileal Digestibility of nutrients (p>005), NE, AME and AMEn (p <0/05), addition of enzyme to diet increased this indicators (P <0/050). According to these results, the use of pellet diet containing Ryhaneh variety with enzyme improved digestibility and energy efficiency and thus it's recommended to be used in poultry nutrition.
Kazem Karimi
Volume 23, Issue 2 , July 2021, , Pages 269-279
Abstract
In order to investigate the effects of the Tarragon byproducts on the growth performance, carcass traits, cellular and humoral immunoresponse of broilers, one-day- old one hundred sixty-eight Ross 308 chicks were randomly allocated in to four treatment groups in 24 cages (6 replicates per treatment) ...
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In order to investigate the effects of the Tarragon byproducts on the growth performance, carcass traits, cellular and humoral immunoresponse of broilers, one-day- old one hundred sixty-eight Ross 308 chicks were randomly allocated in to four treatment groups in 24 cages (6 replicates per treatment) and 7 chicks per replicate. The treatments were included: 1) basal diet (control), 2) basal diet + 500 μl/lit Hydro alcoholic extract of tarragon in drinking water, 3) basal diet + 1% dietary tarragon powder and 4) basal diet + 1% dietary tarragon powder + 500 μl/lit of tarragon extract in drinking water. Results indicated that at the starter, grower, finisher and total periods of time, the birds that were recived 1% dietary tarragon powder had a better growth performance rather than other birds, so that, feed intake and weight gain were significantly increased (P ≤ 0.05) and feed conversion ratio was improved. In these birds, the relative weights of carcass and bursa of Fabresious was also greater than other birds (P ≤ 0.05). No significant differences were observed in the cellular immunity response (change in foot membrane thickness in response to Phytohemagglutinin injection) and humoral imiunity response (antibody response to Newcastle virus and antibody response to injected SRBC) due to treatments. Based on the results, the use of one percent tarragon powder in the diet of broilers is recommended to improve the growth efficiency and carcass yield.
Faezeh Abdinezhad; Mehrdad Mohammadi
Volume 17, Issue 2 , October 2015, , Pages 281-290
Abstract
Effect of adding Melissa officinalis aqueous extract was studied on immune response and performance in 200 Ross 308 broiler chicks in a completely randomized design with five treatments and four replicates and 10 observations per replicate. The amounts of 0 (control), 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 ml/L Lemon balm ...
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Effect of adding Melissa officinalis aqueous extract was studied on immune response and performance in 200 Ross 308 broiler chicks in a completely randomized design with five treatments and four replicates and 10 observations per replicate. The amounts of 0 (control), 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 ml/L Lemon balm extract were added in drinking water for 42 days. Humoral immunity was evaluated by injection of 0.1 ml sheep red blood cell (SRBC) 25 percent on days eight and 22 of age and measurement of serum antibody levels produced in response to SRBC on days 21, 28, 35 and 42. Cellular immunity was assessed by injection of phytohemagglutinin intradermally on day 16. The consumption of Lemon balm extract had no effect on daily feed intake and daily body weight gain (P>0.05). The birds that received 1.5 and 2 ml Lemon balm extract in drinking water had lower feed conversion ratio in grower and whole period (P<0.05). The birds that received Lemon balm aqueous extract in drinking water had higher total Anti-SRBC titer than control birds on days 28, 35 and 42 (P<0.05). IgG titer of birds that received Lemon balm extract was higher than control group on day 28 (P<0.05). IgM titer of birds that received 1, 1.5 and 2 ml of Lemon balm extract was higher on days 28 and 35 (P<0.05). It is concluded that inclusion of 1.5 ml Lemon balm extract in drinking water decreased feed conversion ratio and improved humoral immunity in broilers.
Mohammad Razagh nia; Borhan Shokrollahi
Volume 21, Issue 2 , July 2019, , Pages 301-308
Abstract
In the current study, immunohistochemical localization of Ghrelin was investigated in placenta tissue of Holstein cows. In order to localization of Ghrelin, pregnancy content of 5 cows were collected in abattoir and transferred to the laboratory. After, placenta separation, paraffin blocks were prepared. ...
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In the current study, immunohistochemical localization of Ghrelin was investigated in placenta tissue of Holstein cows. In order to localization of Ghrelin, pregnancy content of 5 cows were collected in abattoir and transferred to the laboratory. After, placenta separation, paraffin blocks were prepared. Mouse monoclonal anti-ghrelin antibody as the primary antibody and donkey anti-rabbit IgG (HRP) Polyclonal antibody as the secondary antibody were used to localise ghrelin in bovine placenta immunohistochemically. In the present study, to set up the immunohistochemistry test, the ram's testicular sample that existence of ghrelin had previously been confirmed in it,, was used as a positive control. The results indicated that immunoprooxidase reaction was performed in positive control. Also, the serum of rabbit was used as negative control instead of primary antibody. The results demonstrated that the antibody was specific for ghrelin and no immunoprooxidase reaction was observed in negative control. The results showed that ghrelin is expressed in mono and syncytium multinuclear trophoblast cells of bovine placenta, so that the immuno-peroxidase reaction was observed in mono and syncytium multinuclear trophoblast cells in bovine placenta. In general, according to the results of the current study, it can be concluded that ghrelin is expressed in the bovine placenta tissue; however, future studies should focus on the precise role of the hormone in the placenta during pregnancy.
Seyyed Majid Azarm; Somayyeh Salari; Mohsen Sari; Mohammad Reza Ghorbani; Mohammad Hojjati
Volume 22, Issue 2 , June 2020, , Pages 301-312
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of Thyme essential oil on performance and some physiological parameters of broiler chickens fed diets containing wheat in a completely randomized design with a 2×3 factorial arrangement using 264 broilers (Ross 308) in ground floor. Treatments ...
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This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of Thyme essential oil on performance and some physiological parameters of broiler chickens fed diets containing wheat in a completely randomized design with a 2×3 factorial arrangement using 264 broilers (Ross 308) in ground floor. Treatments consisted of 2 levels of wheat (0 and 50% of the diet) and 3 levels of essential oil of Thyme (0, 200 and 400 ppm). Performance parameters were recorded weekly. Determination of micro-flora, carcass characteristics, and blood parameters were done on day 42. The results showed that adding the Thyme essential oil to the diet containing 50% wheat increased feed intake at the all period of experiment. Body weight gain was increased significantly in the birds that consumed 50% wheat with 400 ppm essence compared to the birds consumed the diet without wheat or without essence at the starter period. The birds consumed the diet without wheat with essence had lower blood concentration of LDL. Although, adding essence at the level of 400 ppm to the diet without wheat increased significantly blood concentration of HDL. The diet contained 50% wheat without essence had higher abdominal fat compared to the diet with 200 and 400 ppm of essence without wheat and also the diet contained 50% wheat with 400 ppm essence. Overall, the use of Thyme essence at the level of 400 ppm in wheat-based diet is recommended for increasing feed intake and improving some physiological parameters of broiler chickens.
Ali Akbar Salari; Ahmad Hassanabadi; Hassan Nassiri Moghaddam; Gholamali Kalidari
Volume 18, Issue 2 , June 2016, , Pages 323-334
Abstract
The aim of this experiment was to study the effects of hydrochloric and butyric acids addition to broiler diets on performance, carcass characteristics, intestinal microbial population and intestinal histology. Two hundred eighty Ross 308 one-day old female broiler chicks were assigned to 7 dietary treatments ...
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The aim of this experiment was to study the effects of hydrochloric and butyric acids addition to broiler diets on performance, carcass characteristics, intestinal microbial population and intestinal histology. Two hundred eighty Ross 308 one-day old female broiler chicks were assigned to 7 dietary treatments and 4 replicates of 10 chicks in a completely randomized design. Experimental treatments consisted of dietary addition of 2 levels of hydrochloric acid (1.5 and 3 percent), 2 levels of butyric acid (0.2 and 0.4 percent) and 2 levels of the acids mixture (1.5 + 0.4 and 3 + 0.2 percent) and a treatment with no acid supplementation as control group. Dietary hydrochloric and butyric acids during grower period decreased average body weight, significantly (P<0.05) in compare to control group. Supplemented acids, decreased feed intake and increased feed conversion ratio in the grower period in compare to control group, significantly (P<0.05). Acid treatments had no significant effect on carcass characteristics, microbial count of ileum and histology of the small intestine of broiler chickens in compare to control group. It could be concluded that using of hydrochloric and butyric acids in broiler diets have no positive effect on growth performance, carcass characteristics and morphology of the small intestine of broiler chickens.
Amirhossein Nasiri; Armin Towhidi; Malek Shakeri; Mehdi Zhandi; Mehdi Dehghan banadaky
Volume 20, Issue 2 , August 2018, , Pages 329-337
Abstract
The insulin resistance and glucose, insulin, IGF-1 metabolism (somatotropic axis performance) were investigated in cows to receive (4 g yeast/d/head) (Probio-Sacc®, BioChem, GmbH, Germany) or not receive live yeast supplement from 21 d before expected date of calving under the hot months of summer ...
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The insulin resistance and glucose, insulin, IGF-1 metabolism (somatotropic axis performance) were investigated in cows to receive (4 g yeast/d/head) (Probio-Sacc®, BioChem, GmbH, Germany) or not receive live yeast supplement from 21 d before expected date of calving under the hot months of summer (THI = 82). Two groups of 6 periparturient Holstein cows were fed a diet without or with 4 g yeast/d/head (15*109 CFU/g) starting 21 d prepartum through 8 weeks postpartum to investigate the changes of blood concentrations of glucose, insulin, IGF-1 and glucose tolerance test (GTT). On d 60 postpartum, greater blood levels of glucose, insulin and insulin-like growth factor I were found in cows receiving yeast supplement than those receiving no yeast (P<0/05). Probiotic had not significant effect on GTT test. Overall, it appears that Probiotics would beneficially improve the blood concentrations of glucose, insulin, IGF-1 in day 60 postpartum (on DFS day) and improve somatotropic axis of dairy cows during the heat stress. Probiosac probiotic had positive effects on somatotropic axis and animal performance. It’s can be a good solution to increase dairy cow’s performance in heat stress condition.