Hossein Mohammadi; Amir Hossein khaltabadi farahani; Mhammad hossein Moradi; Abouzar Najafi
Volume 23, Issue 4 , January 2022, Pages 481-490
Abstract
Understanding the genetic control of temperament as a complex trait and correlated with economic traits is one of the breeding goals in beef cattle industry. The aim of the current study was genome wide association studies (GWAS) based on Gene set enrichment analysis for detecting the loci associated ...
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Understanding the genetic control of temperament as a complex trait and correlated with economic traits is one of the breeding goals in beef cattle industry. The aim of the current study was genome wide association studies (GWAS) based on Gene set enrichment analysis for detecting the loci associated with temperament traits in Brahman cattle breed. Therefore, 1370 Brahman cattle and phenotype records associated with temperament traits including Exit velocity, Pen Score, and Temperament Score were used. The evaluation of genome-wide association was carried out using PLINK package 1.90. The gene enrichment analysis was performed by the goseq R package for identifying biological pathways of nearby genes in selected candidate regions and finally, GO, Metacyc, KEEG, Reactome and panther databases were applied for bioinformatics analysis. By Gene set enrichment analysis, the biological pathways and candidate genes of neurotransmitter secretion (NRXN3 and CACNG3), Dopamine Neurotransmitter Release Cycle (PPFIA2), regulation of neuron projection development (GRID2), neuron projection (SLC8A1 and KCNQ2), Axonal growth inhibition (RTN4R), Neurotrophin signaling pathway (MAP2K2, MAP3K5 and PSEN1) and Focal adhesion (TLN2) were identified. The detected candidate genes played an important role in differentiation of synapse, neurotransmitters, neurological diseases and disorders, oxidative and environmental stresses, hormone receptors and glucose homeostasis. Considering the confirmation of the previous region of genome wide association and the identification of new genomic regions, the findings of this study can be useful in the genetic selection of higher production cattle through calm animals.
Noorolahe SHahroodi; Mohammad Rokouei; Hadi Faraji- Arough; Ali Maghsoudi; Morteza Kykha Saber
Volume 23, Issue 4 , January 2022, Pages 491-500
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to fit different nonlinear models to describe growth curve and selection the best model to describe a growth curve for calves of Sistani calves. Body weight records of 241 calves (118 males and 123 females) collected by the Sistani Dairy Cattle Research Station of Zahak ...
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The purpose of this study was to fit different nonlinear models to describe growth curve and selection the best model to describe a growth curve for calves of Sistani calves. Body weight records of 241 calves (118 males and 123 females) collected by the Sistani Dairy Cattle Research Station of Zahak from year 2010 to 2017 were used. Four nonlinear models (Gompertz, Logistic, Richards, and Weibull) were fitted to the body weight records and the best model was selected by the goodness-of-fit criteria (Mean square error, Bayesian information criterion, Akaike information criterion and corrected coefficient of determination). According to goodness-of-fit criteria, Richards model was the most appropriate model to describe the growth curve in male and female calves. The effect of sex on curve parameters was significant in many functions (P <0.05). Logistic and Richards models had the highest and the lowest initial weight parameter, respectively. Male calves reached to the inflection point in a higher age and weight compared to female calves. According to the results of this study, a proper model can be used to study the growth pattern of this breed in order to better nutritional management and selection for rapid growth with high accuracy.
Maryam Karami; Karim Hasanpur; Jamal Fayazi; Arash Javanmard; Hamid Varnaseri
Volume 23, Issue 4 , January 2022, Pages 501-514
Abstract
The aim of present study was to investigate the effect of selection against ascites syndrome on different traits body growth, internal organs, and blood parameters in a broiler line. Therefore, by classifying different families based on the frequency of ascites under intense ascites inducing condition ...
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The aim of present study was to investigate the effect of selection against ascites syndrome on different traits body growth, internal organs, and blood parameters in a broiler line. Therefore, by classifying different families based on the frequency of ascites under intense ascites inducing condition (AIC), 10 susceptible families (SUS) and 10 resistant families (RES) to ascites were selected and another set of offspring from the same families were bred under normal commercial condition (NCC). This process of selection and cross validation was carried out twice in the two distinct generations. The genetic relationship of different traits, the difference in the frequency of ascites between AIC and NCC, and the difference between different traits in SUS and RES were performed by correlation statistics, Chi-square test, and GLM procedure of SAS software (version 9.1), respectively. The correlation between ascites susceptibility in different families indicated that families that showed more ascites under AIC also had more ascites under NCC. Comparative study of different traits in susceptible and resistant groups showed that in SUS, body weight, growth rate and respiratory capacity were significantly lower and blood partial pressure of carbon dioxide was significantly higher than RES (P<0.05). In the present study it was shown that selection against this syndrome not only does not reduce growth rate in the investigated broiler line, but also improves growth traits and resistance to this syndrome in the mentioned line.
aref kord; Arash Kheradmand; Alireza Rocky; Majid Khaldari
Volume 23, Issue 4 , January 2022, Pages 515-524
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the changes of some blood biochemical parameters in Lori-Bakhtiari ewes during different months of pregnancy and the influence of fetus numbers on these parameters. For this purpose, 20 ewes of Lori Bakhtiari breed were selected and mated with fertile rams. One ...
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The aim of this study was to investigate the changes of some blood biochemical parameters in Lori-Bakhtiari ewes during different months of pregnancy and the influence of fetus numbers on these parameters. For this purpose, 20 ewes of Lori Bakhtiari breed were selected and mated with fertile rams. One month before mating and in the first to fifth months of pregnancy blood samples were collected from ewes and biochemical and enzymatic parameters including calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, urea, creatinine, total bilirubin, AST, ALP and GGT were measured. The concentration of calcium and AST activity were constant at the times of the study, but they increased in the last month of pregnancy (P<0.05). Magnesium concentration increased in second month of pregnancy (P<0.05) and phosphorus concentration was decreased during pregnancy compared to the month before mating (P<0.05). Creatinine concentration decreased in the second and third months of pregnancy compared to other months of pregnancy (P<0.05). Total bilirubin and urea concentrations increased during fourth month and the second half of pregnancy, respectively (P<0.05). GGT activity was almost stable during study period but decreased in the fourth month of pregnancy (P<0.05), and ALP enzyme activity showed increasing trend during pregnancy period (P<0.05). The mean concentration of the studied parameters in singleton ewes was not significantly different from twins (P <0.05). Based on the results of this study, blood biochemical changes in Lori Bakhtiari ewes can be used to assess their physiological status during pregnancy.
Seyed Hamed Mousavi Alamdardehi; Zarbakht Ansari Pirsaraei; Essa Dirandeh; Mohammad Kazemi Fard
Volume 23, Issue 4 , January 2022, Pages 525-533
Abstract
Effect of Basil powder and extract on yield and carcass characteristics, relative expression of heat shock protein gene (HSP70) and some blood parameters of broiler chickens under heat stress using 160 Ross 308 one-day-old broiler chicks in a completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 4 replications ...
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Effect of Basil powder and extract on yield and carcass characteristics, relative expression of heat shock protein gene (HSP70) and some blood parameters of broiler chickens under heat stress using 160 Ross 308 one-day-old broiler chicks in a completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 4 replications (8 chickens per replication), was evaluated for 42 days. Treatments included: 1- Basic diet (control), 2- Basic diet+ Vitamin C (250 mg per kg of grain), 3- Basic diet + 25 mg of Basil powder (per kg of grain), 4- Basic diet +50 mg of Basil powder (per kg of grain), 5- The use of Basil extract (1 ml/liter water). Feed intake, body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, carcass characteristics, blood parameters and relative expression of HSP70 gene in blood were measured. The effects of treatments on blood parameters and carcass characteristics were not significant. Relative expression of the HSP70 gene in the blood was significantly reduced in all treatments compared to the control (P<0.05). Based on the results, basil powder and extract reduce the negative effects of heat stress in broilers, so their use in broiler diets is recommended to prevent heat stress.
Reza Salahi Moghaddam; Mohammad Hossein Shahir
Volume 23, Issue 4 , January 2022, Pages 535-548
Abstract
In order to evaluate the response of broiler chicks to different levels of dietary ideal protein (Ross 308 strain recommendation and 10% less) and digestible valine to lysine ratio (71, 74, 77, 80, and 83%) in the starter period (one to 10 days of age), a study was performed using 500-day-old male broilers ...
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In order to evaluate the response of broiler chicks to different levels of dietary ideal protein (Ross 308 strain recommendation and 10% less) and digestible valine to lysine ratio (71, 74, 77, 80, and 83%) in the starter period (one to 10 days of age), a study was performed using 500-day-old male broilers in a 2×5 factorial arrangements based on a completely randomized design including 10 treatments and 5 replications. The results showed that reducing dietary ideal protein level increased body weight, feed intake and improved feed conversion ratio (P<0.01). The percentage of bone ash and calcium content also increased significantly with decreasing dietary ideal protein (P <0.05). The reduction of the dietary ideal protein level decreased the concentrations of serum cholesterol, glucose, total protein, albumin, globulin, calcium, and phosphorus (P<0.05). The highest average body weight at 10 day of age, weight gain, carcass and breast percentages and the lowest feed conversion ratio were observed at 74% of digestible valine to lysine ratio (P<0.05); while the highest average feed intake, thigh percentage, bone ash and calcium percentage were obtained at 77% of digestible valine to lysine ratio (P<0.05). No significant interaction was observed between the two experimental factors except for the carcass percentage traits (P<0.05) and serum phosphorus concentration (P<0.01). In conclusion, based on the results of this study, a 10% reduction in dietary ideal protein levels is possible by maintaining ideal ratios of essential amino acids. The proper ratio of digestible valine to lysine is recommended to be 74% based on performance indices and carcass traits, and 77% based on bone traits.
Mohammad Hossein nemati; Mustafa Hajilou; sayed abdoullah hosseini; seyyed saeid mousavi
Volume 23, Issue 4 , January 2022, Pages 549-559
Abstract
In this research the effect of Bioplus B2 probiotic and galactooligosaccharide prebiotic (GOS) on performance, egg quality, and some blood parameters of commercial laying hens were investigated in a sample of 216 hy-line laying hens (w36) with the same average weight aging 50 to 62 weeks for a period ...
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In this research the effect of Bioplus B2 probiotic and galactooligosaccharide prebiotic (GOS) on performance, egg quality, and some blood parameters of commercial laying hens were investigated in a sample of 216 hy-line laying hens (w36) with the same average weight aging 50 to 62 weeks for a period of 12 weeks in a completely randomized design with 6 treatments, 6 replications and 6 hens per each replication in the cage system. Experimental treatments included 1) without additives (as control), 2) diets containing 0.1% Bioplus B2 probiotic, 3) to 6) diets; containing, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15 and 0.20 % of galactooligosaccharides prebiotic, respectively. The results indicated that both egg weight and mass was increased significantly (P<0.05) in the Bioplus B2 probiotic treatment. Egg production percentage, feed intake and feed conversion ratio were not significantly influenced by treatments. Using galactooligosaccharide at the levels of 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2 percent improved dry eggshell weight significantly while the levels of 0.05, 0.15 and 0.2 percent increased eggshell weight per unit area compared to the control (P<0.05). Total protein and albumin of serum increased in the Bioplus B2 treatment (P<0.05). Using Bioplus B2 probiotic and 0.15% galactooligosaccharide significantly decreased blood cholesterol level (P<0.05). In general, the results showed that the using of prebiotic galactooligosaccharide at the level of 0.15 % increases the weight of eggshell per unit area, decreases the blood serum cholesterol, and improves some performance traits compared to control group, therefore it can be used instead of probiotic Bioplus B2.
shokoufe ghazanfari; mohammad ahmadpanah; seyed davood sharifi
Volume 23, Issue 4 , January 2022, Pages 561-571
Abstract
The effects of different sources of copper supplementation on growth performance, some blood biochemical and immune parameters, microbial population of small intestine and meat quality were investigated with using of 240 male broiler chicks in a completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 4 replicates ...
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The effects of different sources of copper supplementation on growth performance, some blood biochemical and immune parameters, microbial population of small intestine and meat quality were investigated with using of 240 male broiler chicks in a completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 4 replicates from 1 to 42 days. Treatments consisted of control treatment (basal diet without copper supplement) and four diets containing 16 mg/kg of copper-glycine, copper-sulfate, copper-nanochelate and copper nano-glycinec. The results showed that the use of different sources of copper had no effect on growth performance, some blood biochemical parameters and percentage of heterophil, lymphocyte, white blood cell, antibody titer against Newcastle disease, cholesterol, triglycerides and water holding capacity and pH of meat of broilers. Gastrointestinal relative weight in birds fed with diet containing copper-glycine was lower than the birds receiving copper-nanochelate (P<0.05). The total microbial population of ileum in birds fed diets without copper and copper-sulfate was higher than birds receiving diet containing copper-glycine (P<0.01). Meat malondialdehyde concentration of birds fed with diets containing copper-glycine and copper nano-glycine after 6 day of storage at refrigerator was lower than other birds (P<0.01). According to the results, the use of 16 mg/kg of copper from organic, mineral and nano sources in the diet has no effect on growth performance, immune system and ileal microbiota in broilers, but the use of copper-glycine and copper nano-glycine supplements in the diet reduces the oxidation of meat.
Fatemeh Basiriyan; Omidali Esmaeilipour; Mozhgan Mazhari; Nemat Ziaei
Volume 23, Issue 4 , January 2022, Pages 573-581
Abstract
This experiment was performed to investigate the effects of Ziziphus jujube and Elaeagnus angustifolia powder on growth performance, blood metabolites and meat quality of broiler chickens at high temperature conditions. In this experiment, 160 one-day-old male broiler chickens of Ross 308 were used in ...
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This experiment was performed to investigate the effects of Ziziphus jujube and Elaeagnus angustifolia powder on growth performance, blood metabolites and meat quality of broiler chickens at high temperature conditions. In this experiment, 160 one-day-old male broiler chickens of Ross 308 were used in a completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 4 replicates of 10 birds per each. Experimental treatments were including: 1- control (basal diet), 2- basal diet + 0.75% Ziziphus jujube, 3- basal diet + 0.75% Elaeagnus angustifolia powder, and 4- basal diet + combination of Ziziphus jujube and Elaeagnus angustifolia powder (0.75% of each). At day 25 of age, with the onset of heat stress, the chicks were exposed to 34±2 ° C for eight hours daily from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. The results showed that the effect of treatments on growth performance traits was not significant (P≥0.05). Also, the relative weight of carcasses and internal organs except liver were not affected by experimental treatments. The lowest relative liver weight was observed in the control group (P≤0.05). The addition of Ziziphus jujube and Elaeagnus angustifolia in the diet significantly increased glutathione peroxidase and decreased blood glucose compared to the control group (P≤0.05). The highest amount of water holding capacity and lowest dripping loss and cooking loss were observed in birds fed Ziziphus jujube mill and Elaeagnus angustifolia (P≤0.05). Based on the results of the current experiment, although the inclusion of 0.75% of Ziziphus jujube and Elaeagnus angustifolia had no effect on growth performance of broiler chicken, but improved blood metabolites and meat quality traits.
Abuzar gholampour; Khalil Mirzadeh; Saleh TabatabaeiVakili
Volume 23, Issue 4 , January 2022, Pages 583-592
Abstract
The study aimed to investigate the effect of asparagus extract on quality semen of Arabian rams at different storage times at a temperature of 4 degrees Celsius. Sperm collection was performed from 10 Arab rams with an average age of 2.5 years per week (once a week) for six weeks. After adding 0, 1.5, ...
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The study aimed to investigate the effect of asparagus extract on quality semen of Arabian rams at different storage times at a temperature of 4 degrees Celsius. Sperm collection was performed from 10 Arab rams with an average age of 2.5 years per week (once a week) for six weeks. After adding 0, 1.5, 3 and 4.5% asparagus extract to the semen diluent, sperm quality parameters were evaluated at 0, 24, 48, and 72 hours after storage in liquid condition. At zero hour, sperm viability in diluent had 3% asparagus extract was higher than diluent containing 0 and 4.5% extract (P<0.05). After 24 hours of semen storage, the parameters of total motility, progressive motility, plasma membrane integrity and viability were higher in sperm diluent containing 1.5 and 3% of the extract (P<0.05). Qualitative parameters of sperm in 48 hours after sperm collection and storage in diluent contain 3% of extract had significant and better performance (P<0.05). The highest rate of plasma membrane integrity, progressive motility and total sperm motility was observed in diluent containing 3% extract in 72 hours after sperm storage (P<0.05). According to the results of this study, the use of asparagus extract in the diluent at the rate of 3% improves the sperm quality of Arabian rams after cooling conditions.