Journal of Animal Production, Print ISSN: 2008-6776., Online ISSN: 2382-994X

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Effect of feeding frequency of protein sources on fiber digestibility, feeding behaviors and rumen metabolites of Holstein cows

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran

3 Assistant Professor, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Engineering, College of Agrituclture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

4 Professor, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran

Abstract

Four ruminally-cannulated Holstein cows were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square changeover design within periods of 21 days to evaluate effects of feeding frequency of different sources of rumen degradable nitrogen on total tract digestibility of nutrients, feeding behaviors, rumen and blood metabolites of Holstein cows. Treatments were: 1) control diet which was as total mixed ration (TMR) offered once daily in the morning (08:00), 2) control diet in which a part of its soybean was offered at 19:00, 3) control diet in which a part of its urea was offered at 19:00 and 4) control diet in which a part of its fish meal was offered at 19:00. Rumination time increased in cows fed twice daily with protein sources (P<0.05). Total tract digestibility of dry matter and organic matter were higher in cows received urea at the evening time. Total tract digestibility of neutral detergent fiber increased with feeding all sources of protein at the evening time (P<0.05). Molar proportion of volatile fatty acids, rumen pH and rumen ammonia concentration were not affected by feeding time of protein sources. The results indicated that increasing delivery of rumen degradable nitrogen sources improved dry matter and fiber digestibility and chewing activity of non-lactating Holstein dairy cows.

Keywords

References
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Journal of Animal Production, Print ISSN: 2008-6776., Online ISSN: 2382-994X
Volume 17, Issue 2 - Serial Number 2
Autumn & Winter
October 2015
Pages 347-358
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