Hossein Mohammadi; Amir Hossein khalababdi farahani; Mohammad Hossein Moradi
Volume 24, Issue 2 , July 2022, , Pages 117-126
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the genetic architecture, genomic regions and candidate genes associated with body weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio in Japanese quails. For detection the informative genomic windows, genotyping data on 920 quails was used in a single-step ...
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The aim of the present study was to evaluate the genetic architecture, genomic regions and candidate genes associated with body weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio in Japanese quails. For detection the informative genomic windows, genotyping data on 920 quails was used in a single-step genome-wide association study. The BLUPf90 family software was used to perform related analyses. Theresults was calculated based on the proportion of additive genetic variance (agv) explained by genomic region with an average size of 1.5-Mb of adjacent SNPs. Windows with accounting for more than 1% of the agv were used to identify genomic regions and to search for candidate genes. A total of 13 significant windows over 8 chromosomes were explained 23% of the agv for the body weight gain and including SMYD1, ADGRG6 and CFL2 candidate genes. A peak on CJA2 explained the largest proportion of variance. For feed intake, we identified 20 informative windows across 8 chromosomes and including ACSL, PPA2, FGF2 and RBL2 candidate genes. These regions explained 38% of the agv and a peak on CJA4 explained of agv. Also, for the feed conversion ratio, 12 significant windows were identified on 7 chromosomes and explained 23.7% of agv, contained ATRNL1 and PTPN4 candidate genes. Four genomic regions had a pleiotropic effect. Considering the identification of new genome regions and the key role of the mentioned genes related to feed intake, the single step method can be validated for GWAS in feed efficiency traits.
Vahideh Sabaghi-Darmiyan; Mehran Mehri; Farzad Bagherzadeh Kasmani; Mohammad Rokouei
Volume 23, Issue 2 , July 2021, , Pages 281-292
Abstract
The experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of tryptophan, melatonin and dimethylglycine on the growth performance and meat quality of Japanese quails fed diets contaminated with aflatoxin B1 toxin. In this experiment, 680 Japanese quail from 7 to 35 days of age were allotted to 17 ...
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The experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of tryptophan, melatonin and dimethylglycine on the growth performance and meat quality of Japanese quails fed diets contaminated with aflatoxin B1 toxin. In this experiment, 680 Japanese quail from 7 to 35 days of age were allotted to 17 treatments and 4 replicates (10 birds per replication), and trial performed using a central composite design. The performance of birds was calculated on a weekly basis and at the end of the experiment; and the amount of malondialdehyde in meat was determined. Results showed that tryptophan increase weight gain and melatonin had an increased effect on feed intake (P < 0.05). The effect of tryptophan and as well as the interaction of tryptophan and dimethylglycine reduced the amount of malondialdehyde in meat (P < 0.05). The results obtained from this research state that dietary supplementation with tryptophan and methyl group donors have good antioxidant capacity to reduce aflatoxin B1 poisoning on growth performance and malondialdehyde content of meat, and the use of these supplements in the diet of Japanese quails seems desirable.
Ashraf Mortezayi; Morteza Mamouei; Naeem Erfani Majd; Mohammad Reza Ghorbani
Volume 22, Issue 1 , March 2020, , Pages 143-151
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of using hydroalcoholic sage extract after experimental copper poisoning on performance and blood metabolites of Japanese quail, in a completely randomized design with 320 one-day old Japanese quails in 4 treatments with4 replicates and ...
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This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of using hydroalcoholic sage extract after experimental copper poisoning on performance and blood metabolites of Japanese quail, in a completely randomized design with 320 one-day old Japanese quails in 4 treatments with4 replicates and 20 birds per each replicate. Experimental treatments were: 1) control (basal diet), 2) basal diet + 750 mg/kg copper sulfate, 3) basal diet + 10 g/kg sage extract and 4) basal diet with 750 mg/kg copper sulfate and 10 g/kg of sage extract. The feed intake (FI), body weight gain (BWG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were measured weekly and calculated for starter, grower and whole periods. The results of this experiment showed that in starter period, FI was highest in control group compared to other treatments (P <0.05). In the starter and total periods, the average BWG of birds that received diet contained copper was significantly lower than birds in control and the birds that received diets supplemented with sage extract (P <0.05). In the starter period, the FCR was improved when diets supplemented with sage extract in comparison with the birds that received copper (P <0.05). Higher levels of blood glucose and triglyceride and lower levels of HDL and LDL were observed in birds receiving copper in their diet (P <0.05). The results of this experiment showed that supplementation Japanese quail’s diet with sage extract can improve BWG and FCR in starter period, and it may alleviate harmful effect of copper poisoning.
mansor saravani; Kamal Shojaeian; mehran mehri; Farzad Bagherzadeh Kasmani
Volume 21, Issue 1 , April 2019, , Pages 139-150
Abstract
In order to study the effect of different levels of dietary electrolyte balance (DEB) and calcium on performance, bone composition and carcass characteristics of Japanese quail, a total of 720 quail chicks were used in a 3×3 factorial arrangement with completely randomized design including three ...
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In order to study the effect of different levels of dietary electrolyte balance (DEB) and calcium on performance, bone composition and carcass characteristics of Japanese quail, a total of 720 quail chicks were used in a 3×3 factorial arrangement with completely randomized design including three levels of DEB (150, 250 and 350 mEq/kg) and three levels of dietary calcium (0.4, 0.8, and 1.6%) in 9 treatments, 5 replications and 16 birds per each replicate from 14 to 35 days of age. The results showed that the birds fed diet containing 0.4% calcium and 250 mEq/kg DEB had the highest feed intake (P<0.05). Experimental treatments had no effect on feed conversion ratio. At both 0.4 and 0.8% of dietary calcium level, the highest bone calcium content was observed at 150 mEq/kg DEB (P<0.05). The minimum kidney weight was observed in treatment containing 1.6% calcium and 150 mEg/kg DEB and the maximum thigh and breast relative weights were observed in treatment containing 0.8% calcium and 150 mEq/kg DEB (P<0.05). In conclusion, the interaction of dietary calcium and DEB could be considered as an important limitation in the feed formulation of growing Japanese quail.
Sharifeh Ghavidel Heydari; Farzad Bagherzadeh Kasmani; Mehran Mehri
Volume 20, Issue 4 , February 2019, , Pages 601-611
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to assess the effect of safflower meal (SFM) containing microbial and enzyme supplementations on performance, meat quality and humoral immunity of Japanese quail. A total of 300 seven-days-old Japanese quails were assigned in a completely randomized design to five treatments, ...
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This experiment was conducted to assess the effect of safflower meal (SFM) containing microbial and enzyme supplementations on performance, meat quality and humoral immunity of Japanese quail. A total of 300 seven-days-old Japanese quails were assigned in a completely randomized design to five treatments, four replications and 15 chicks in each replication. The experimental treatments included 1) a corn and soybean meal based diet (control) 2) diet containing 20% SFM 3) diet containing 20% Fermented SFM 4) diet containing 20% SFM + Calsporin® probiotic at a rate of 50 mg/kg feed and 5) diet containing 20% SFM+ Endo-Power® enzyme to the amount of 125 mg/kg feed. The results of this study showed that the use of fermented SFM, Calsporin® probiotic and enzyme treatments improved weight gain and feed intake of chicks when compared to control group (P<0.05). The feed conversion ratio for the chicks in control group and quails receiving diets containing fermented SFM and SFM+ Endo-Power® enzyme was lower than that of other experimental groups (P<0.05). Birds fed with SFM had lower meat cooking loss (P<0.05). The meat water holding capacity and also antibody titer against sheep red blood cell (SRBC) were higher in treatment receiving fermented SFM when compared to control group (P<0.05). According to the positive effects of nutrition with fermented SFM and containing probiotic and enzyme supplements on performance, meat quality and immunity system of Japanese quail, this accessible and inexpensive source of protein could be used in quail diet.
Sahar Mohammadzadeh; Tohid Vahdatpour; Yahya Ebrahimnezhad
Volume 20, Issue 3 , November 2018, , Pages 477-486
Abstract
Effects of vitamins K1 and K3 addition to a low calcium diet on the structure of tibia bone and performance of Japanese quail were evaluated by using 192 birds in a completely randomized design with four treatments, four replicates and 12 birds per each. The treatments included: diet containing the recommended ...
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Effects of vitamins K1 and K3 addition to a low calcium diet on the structure of tibia bone and performance of Japanese quail were evaluated by using 192 birds in a completely randomized design with four treatments, four replicates and 12 birds per each. The treatments included: diet containing the recommended level of calcium (control), low calcium diet (70% of recommended level), low calcium + vitamin K1, and low calcium diet + vitamin K3. The quails consumed a greater amount of calcium deficiency diet (P<0.05). Feed intake decreased by supplementing diets by vitamin K1. The live weight of birds fed low calcium diet was lower than control birds (P<0.05). The live body weight and FCR improved by supplementing low calcium diet with K1 or K3 (P<0.05). Maximum diameter of diaphysis increased in birds fed on diet containing K3, but the minimum diameter of diaphysis increased by feeding diets containing K1 or K3 (P<0.05). The bone middle canal increased in birds fed low calcium diet (P<0.05). There had no difference in bone middle canal between birds fed on diet containing K1and control diet. In birds fed K1 supplemented diet the bone ash weight was lower and length of bone was higher than those fed on diets containing K3 (P<0.05).According to the these results, addition vitamin K1 to low calcium diet improves the growth performance and bone physical properties in female quails.
mohamad yazarloo
Volume 19, Issue 1 , May 2017, , Pages 145-157
Abstract
In order to study the impact of different levels of dietary metabolizable energy and crude protein on performance and nitrogen and energy metabolism of Japanese quail during growth period, 360 day-old Japanese quails were used in a 3×3 factorial experiment with three levels of metabolizable energy ...
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In order to study the impact of different levels of dietary metabolizable energy and crude protein on performance and nitrogen and energy metabolism of Japanese quail during growth period, 360 day-old Japanese quails were used in a 3×3 factorial experiment with three levels of metabolizable energy (2750, 2850 and 2950 Kcal/kg) and three levels of crude protein (24, 26 and 28 percent) in a completely randomized design with four replicates and 10 birds in each replicate. The feed intake and body weight gain were measured weekly and feed conversion ratio was calculated. The nitrogen intake, excretion and retention as gram per bird per day, percent of nitrogen intake and gram nitrogen per kilocalorie per metabolizable energy consumed and dietary apparent metabolizable energy content were measured during 26 to 28 days of age period. The results of this study showed that birds fed diet containing 2850 kcal/kg metabolizable energy and 26 percent crude protein had significantly (P< 0.05) higher daily weight gain and higher nitrogen retention per each unit of metabolizable energy consumed and better feed conversion ratio. According to the results of this experiment, it seems that the best growth rate, the maximum nitrogen retention and the best feed efficiency of growing Japanese quail are achieved by feeding diets containing 2850 kcal/kg metabolizable energy and 26 percent crude protein. Therefore, these values can be recommended as metabolizable energy and crude protein requirements of Japanese quail growing diet.
Asghar Sedaghat; Mohammad Amir Karimi Torshizi; Shaban Rahimi
Volume 18, Issue 2 , June 2016, , Pages 273-286
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of camphor levels on performance, organ weight, testosterone and thyroid hormones, intestinal selective bacteria, and meat peroxidation of Japanese quail. Two-hundred 1-d chicks were allocated in 20 cages with five treatments and four replicates (10 chicks ...
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This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of camphor levels on performance, organ weight, testosterone and thyroid hormones, intestinal selective bacteria, and meat peroxidation of Japanese quail. Two-hundred 1-d chicks were allocated in 20 cages with five treatments and four replicates (10 chicks per each cage) using complete randomized block design. Treatments were including: 0, 62.5, 125, 250, and 500 ppm camphor which dissolved in soybean oil. Blood sample was taken then quails were slaughtered at 42-d of age. Results revealed camphor unaffected the carcass and organs weight. Also feed conversion ratio, feed intake, live body weight, and thyroid hormones unaffected by using camphor supplementation in the diet. Results showed that camphor could enhance libido by increasing the production and secretion of testosterone (P< 0.05). Dietary camphor had a significant effect on the intestinal microbial population, so that could reduce the aerobic bacteria and coliforms, whereas increased the lactic acid bacteria and spore former bacteria (P< 0.05). Meat malondialdehyde level has been also changed significantly in both sexes by camphor dietary supplementation, which increased by using 62.5, 125, and 250 ppm camphor (P< 0.05). According to the current results, using camphor is recommendable for successfully reproduction in male birds.
Jalil Noori Raygani; Mohammad Amir Karimi Torshizi; Shaban Rahimi; Omid Madadgar
Volume 17, Issue 2 , October 2015, , Pages 199-209
Abstract
Three experiments were carried out for isolation of bacteriophage against growth reducing Enterococcus faecalis and evaluation of its efficacy to control Enterococci colonization in intestine of Japanese quails. In experiment one, 60 Enterococci spp were isolated from gastrointestinal contents of adult ...
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Three experiments were carried out for isolation of bacteriophage against growth reducing Enterococcus faecalis and evaluation of its efficacy to control Enterococci colonization in intestine of Japanese quails. In experiment one, 60 Enterococci spp were isolated from gastrointestinal contents of adult quails, which among them seven isolates were selected based on preliminary tests. In experiment two, effect of oral challenge by the seven selected isolates along with Enterococcus faecalis ATCC51299- as positive control on growth performance of growing quails was evaluated. In experiment three, lytic bacteriophage was screened against Enterococcus faecalis using quails excreta and poultry house swage as a sources of phage. Finally, efficiency of bacteriophage therapy (104 pfu/mL) in biocontrol of enterococcal colonization of intestine was evaluated in quails orally challenged by Enterococcus faecalis (107 cfu/mL). Among seven isolates from the first experiment, an isolate which reduced the growth of growing quails and had the minimum mortality in comparison to negative control group (P<0.05) was final selected and identified at the species level using biochemical tests based of carbohydrates fermentation profile as Enterococcus faecalis. Oral administration of isolated bacteriophage against Enterococcus faecalis was able to reduce the intestinal enterococci colonization to a level comparable to negative control group (P<0.05). In conclusion, isolated bacteriophage against Enterococcus faecalis effectively reduced enterococci colonization in intestinal content of quails and in this way, a growth reducing factor in poultry could be biocontrolled.
Morteza Alemi; Firooz Samadi; Saba Samadi
Volume 16, Issue 2 , October 2015, , Pages 147-155
Abstract
In order to investigate the effects of Artichoke leaf powder and vitamin Eon performance, internal organs relative weight and some blood parameters, 240 day-old quails were assigned to four treatments including, basal diet (control), basal diet supplemented with levels of 1.5 and 3 percent of Artichoke ...
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In order to investigate the effects of Artichoke leaf powder and vitamin Eon performance, internal organs relative weight and some blood parameters, 240 day-old quails were assigned to four treatments including, basal diet (control), basal diet supplemented with levels of 1.5 and 3 percent of Artichoke leaf powder and basal diet supplemented with 300 mg/Kg diet vitamin E with four replicates and 15 birds in each in a completely randomized design. Birds receiving diet supplemented with vitamin E showed greater body weight gain than other treatments (P<0.05). No significant different was observed in body weight gain between birds receiving diets supplemented with Artichoke leaf powder and those birds received control diet, throughout the experiment. Birds treated with diet containing three percent Artichoke leaf powder had higher feed conversion rate (P<0.05). The concentrations of albumin and HDL were greater in blood serum of birds fed diet containing 1.5 percent Artichoke leaf powder compare to other treatments (P<0.05). According to the results of this study, using Artichoke leaf powder till three percent has no negative effect on feed intake and weight gain throughout the study (1-42 d). Inclusion of 300 mg/kg vitamin E in the diet of Japanese quail improves growth performance during the first three weeks of study.
Sakineh Babaei; Shaban Rahimi; Mohammad Amir Karimi Torshizi; Gholam Hosein Tahmasebi; Seyed Naser Khaleghi Miran
Volume 17, Issue 2 , October 2015, , Pages 311-320
Abstract
The effect of honey, royal jelly and bee pollenon performance, immune system and blood factors of Japanese quail, using 160 quail chicks in a completely randomized design by four treatments ]control (without additives), pollen powder 1 g/kg, royal jelly 125 ppm/L, honey 22 g/L) and four replicates of ...
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The effect of honey, royal jelly and bee pollenon performance, immune system and blood factors of Japanese quail, using 160 quail chicks in a completely randomized design by four treatments ]control (without additives), pollen powder 1 g/kg, royal jelly 125 ppm/L, honey 22 g/L) and four replicates of 10 chicks in each replication for 42 days. The experimental groups had no significant effect on feed intake and mortality rate (P>0.05) in whole period. Birds that received honey in drinking water, the best daily body weight gain and feed conversion ratio had compared to other groups. The experimental groups had no significant effect on the antibody production against sheep red blood cells. The highest antibody titers against Newcastle disease and Avian Influenza viruses were related to honey treatment (P<0.05). Addition of pollen to diet, royal jelly and honey in drinking water were significantly affected spleen weight compared to control group (P<0.01). Honey and pollen showed a better response to cell mediated immunity (P<0.01). The use of honey bee products improved blood factors (P<0.01). The results showed that the honey and royal jelly enhanced immunity and performance of the Japanese quails. Furthermore, they were reduced serum glucose and lipids in these birds. Although bee pollenimproved blood factors but it was less effective in improving the immune system and performance.
Atefeh Berenjian; Seyed Davood Sharifi; Abdollah Mohammadi Sangcheshmeh; Shokoofeh Ghazanfari
Volume 17, Issue 1 , April 2015, , Pages 19-28
Abstract
Effects of chromium nano particles (NanoCr) on performance and meat quality of Japanese quail under physiological stress was determined by using 360 birds in a completely randomized design with six treatments, four replicates and 15 birds per each, during 17- 35 d of age. The tratments were ...
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Effects of chromium nano particles (NanoCr) on performance and meat quality of Japanese quail under physiological stress was determined by using 360 birds in a completely randomized design with six treatments, four replicates and 15 birds per each, during 17- 35 d of age. The tratments were negative control (non-stressed), and five groups under physiological stress which fed on diets supplemented with different levels of NanoCr (0, 200, 400, 800 and 1200 µgkg-1). Dexamethasone (0.6 mgkg-1 BW) was added to diet for induction of physiological stress. Physiological stress reduced feed intake and growth, whereas increased feed conversion ratio (FCR) and thigh and breast muscles malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration (P<0.05). Stressed birds were fed on diets containing increased levels of NanoCr linearly improved weight gain (P< 0.02), and decreaced FCR (P< 0.05), MDA levels in breast (P< 0.04), and thigh muscles (P< 0.006). The results showed that supplementation of diet with NanoCr can alleviate the negative effects of physiological stress on performance and meat quality of quails.
Majid Aftabi; Farzad Bagherzadeh Kasmani; Ghasem Jalilvan; Mehran Mehri; Mohammad Amir Karimi Torshizi
Volume 17, Issue 1 , April 2015, , Pages 131-140
Abstract
Effect of Protexin to diminish negative consequences of feeding aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) contaminated diet on performance, immune response, meat quality and ileal microbial flora were examined using 320 seven-day-old Japanese quails fed four treatments [control diet (without additives), diet containing 2.5 ...
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Effect of Protexin to diminish negative consequences of feeding aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) contaminated diet on performance, immune response, meat quality and ileal microbial flora were examined using 320 seven-day-old Japanese quails fed four treatments [control diet (without additives), diet containing 2.5 mg AFB1/kg, diet containing 150 mg Protexin/kg, diet containing 2.5 mg AFB1/kg+150 mg Protexin/kg] with four replicates and 20 birds each in a completely randomized design. Feed intake of birds fed probiotic diet was higher than those birds in control group (P<0.05). Weight gain in birds fed aflatoxin contaminated diet was lower than birds in other treatments (P<0.05). Humoral immunity response in quails related to aflatoxin and probiotic groups was lower and higher than control group, respectively (P<0.05). Skin thickness increase after 48h challenging with dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) in birds fed aflatoxin contaminated diet was lower than the other groups (P<0.05). Concentration of malondialdehyde (after freezing meat for 30 days) in the meat of aflatoxin fed birds was higher than the other birds (P<0.05). Population of E. coli and lactic acid bacteria in birds fed protexin or aflatoxin+protexin was lower and higher than the two other groups, respectively (P<0.05). Based on the result of this research, dietary inclusion of protexin probiotics into aflatoxin contaminated diet could improve immunity response and intestinal microbial population in Japanese quails.
Mohammad Yazarloo; Seyed Davood Sharifi; Farid Shariatmadari; Abdolreza Salehi
Volume 15, Issue 1 , July 2014, , Pages 1-10
Abstract
In order to determine the optimal levels of energy and protein in grower diet of Japanese quail, 360 dayold Japanese quails were used in a 3×3 factorial arrangement of dietary treatments that comprised threelevels of metabolisable energy (2750, 2850, and 2950 Kcal/kg) and three levels of crude ...
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In order to determine the optimal levels of energy and protein in grower diet of Japanese quail, 360 dayold Japanese quails were used in a 3×3 factorial arrangement of dietary treatments that comprised threelevels of metabolisable energy (2750, 2850, and 2950 Kcal/kg) and three levels of crude protein (24, 26and 28 percent) with four replicates per treatment in a completely randomized design. Feed intake andbody weight were measured weekly and feed conversion ratio was calculated. At 35 d of age, four birds(from both sexes) from each replicate were randomly selected and killed following blood sampling toevaluate carcass traits. The blood samples were assayed for the sera concentrations of growth hormone.Results indicated that birds fed on diets containing 2850 kcal/kg metabolisable energy and 26 percentprotein had higher daily weight gain and better feed conversion ratio and carcass yield (P<0.05). The seraconcentration of growth hormone was higher in birds fed on diet containing 2750 kcal/kg metabolisableenergy (P<0.05). This study indicated that Japanese quails can grow faster and more efficiently on dietcontaining 2850 kcal/kg metabolisable energy and 26 percent protein. Therefore, the diet containing 2850kcal/kg metabolisable energy and 26 percent protein could be recommended as dietary metabolisableenergy and protein requirements for growing Japanese quails.
Hasan Moradian; Ali Esmailizadeh; Mohammadreza Mohammadabadi
Volume 15, Issue 2 , October 2013, , Pages 89-99
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify genomic regions of quantitative trait loci (QTL), affectingcarcass traits on chromosome 1 in an F2 population of Japanese quail. For this purpose, a three-generationresource population was developed by using two distinct Japanese quail strains, wild (meat type) ...
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The purpose of this study was to identify genomic regions of quantitative trait loci (QTL), affectingcarcass traits on chromosome 1 in an F2 population of Japanese quail. For this purpose, a three-generationresource population was developed by using two distinct Japanese quail strains, wild (meat type) andwhite (layer type). Eight pairs of white and wild birds were crossed reciprocally and 34 F1 birds wereproduced. The F1 birds were intercrossed to generate 422 F2 offspring. Phenotypic data including weightof carcass parts were collected on F2 birds. All of the animals from three generations (472 birds) weregenotyped for eight microsatellite markers on chromosome 1. QTL analysis was performed with leastsquares interval mapping method fitting three various statistical models. Significant QTL were identifiedfor breast weight, carcass weight, head weight and percentage of breast. There was also evidence forimprinted QTL affecting breast weight, a carcass part of high economic value, on chromosome 1. Theproportion of the F2 phenotypic variation explained by the significant additive, dominance and imprintedQTL effects ranged from 1.8 to 2.3, 1.2 to 3.3 and 0.5 to 2.2 percent, respectively.