Seid Mohammad Reza Ijadi; hossein Moravej; Mahmood shivazad; Mohammad Hossein Mohammadi Ghasem Abadi
Volume 20, Issue 4 , February 2019, , Pages 589-599
Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the regression equations based on chemical analyses for predicting apparent metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen retention (AMEn) with nine soybean oil samples available in Iran’s market. Soybean meal AMEn was measured by replacement method with broilers ...
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This study was conducted to determine the regression equations based on chemical analyses for predicting apparent metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen retention (AMEn) with nine soybean oil samples available in Iran’s market. Soybean meal AMEn was measured by replacement method with broilers in starter (seven to d 10), grower (21 to d 24) and finisher (31 to d 34) periods through acid insoluble ash marker. The results of current study demonstrated that there are significant difference between chemical analyses data and also biologically determined AMEn of soybean samples available in Iran’s market. The mean of soybean meal AMEn measured in the starter, grower and finisher periods was 1463, 1871 and 2025 kcal/Kg based on dry matter, respectively. Moreover, the difference between estimated value with NRC equation and biologically determined AMEn, in the starter, grower, finisher and whole periods was 34.2, 15.8, 8.9 and 19.7 percent, respectively. Finally, these equations based on coefficient of determination and standard error of prediction criteria are suggested for the starter: AMEn= 47.873×NFE, grower: AMEn= 60.203×NFE, finisher: AMEn= 65.612×NFE and the whole of periods: AMEn=57.923×NFE. As a result, it seems that the equations of current study with accurate AMEn estimation of soybean meals will cause optimum broiler performance.
Pirouz Shakeri; Hassan Fazaeli; Mojtaba Zahedifar
Volume 20, Issue 2 , August 2018, , Pages 243-255
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different doses of pistachio by-products (PBP) tannin extracts obtained by water, ethanol 70 % and methanol 80 % on the soybean meals protein protection from ruminal degradability. Soybean meal supplemented with 0.5 and 1 % tannins of different ...
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The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different doses of pistachio by-products (PBP) tannin extracts obtained by water, ethanol 70 % and methanol 80 % on the soybean meals protein protection from ruminal degradability. Soybean meal supplemented with 0.5 and 1 % tannins of different tannin extracts of PBP. Ruminal degradability and disappearance of dry matter and crude protein in untreated soybean meal (control) and soybean meal treated by tannin extracts (6 treatments) was determined in an in situ trial (three head of castrated Taleshi male calves) and post ruminal disappearance was measured in DaisyII incubator. Soybean meal supplementation with 1 % tannin from water extract, 0.5 and 1 % tannin from ethanol and methanol extracts decreased the ruminal protein disappearance (P<0.01) without any negative effect on total gastrointestinal disappearance of dry matter and crude protein. Also, the addition of all of tannin extracts to soybean meal reduced (P<0.01) the concentration of rapidly degradable proteins. In conclusion, the results showed that tannins of water, ethanol and methanol of PBP extracts could be effective on soybean meals protein's protection from ruminal degradability; however, the use of tannin from water extract of PBP can be more economical and practical.
Masoud Norozi-ِDeeyarjan; ali assadi-alamouti; Ahmad Afzalzadeh; mohsen danesh mesgaran
Volume 19, Issue 4 , March 2018, , Pages 751-764
Abstract
This study examined the effects of partial replacement of soybean meal (SBM) with heat-treated soybean meal (HSBM) in heat-stressed cows. 32 multiparous Holstein cows (DIM = 110 ± 20; milk yield = 40 ± 4.1 kg) were used in a complete block randomized design with a 2×2 factorial arrangment ...
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This study examined the effects of partial replacement of soybean meal (SBM) with heat-treated soybean meal (HSBM) in heat-stressed cows. 32 multiparous Holstein cows (DIM = 110 ± 20; milk yield = 40 ± 4.1 kg) were used in a complete block randomized design with a 2×2 factorial arrangment of treatments. Treatments included two dietary crude protein levels (i.e. 17 and 15.5%) each combined with HSBM partially replaced for SBM. The experiment was conducted in two periods of 28 days with the last seven days for sampling and collection of data of tempreature, nutrient intake and digestibility and blood variables. Average THI showed that cows were in mild heat stress (70.60 and 71.50 for periods 1 and 2, respectively)(p > 0.05). Diets with 15.5% CP and based on HSBM increased intakes of dry and organic matter (p < 0.05); however, this was not observed in diets with 17% CP. Milk yiled and composition, apparent nutrient digestibility and blood variables were unaffected (p > 0.05). Butyric and isovaleric acid were increased in cows received HSBM (p < 0.05); however, level of CP had no effect. Results showed that feeding HSBM in diets with 15.5% CP could be regarded as a nutritional sterategy for improving DM intake of mild heat-stressed cows.
Volume 18, Issue 4 , December 2016, , Pages 801-810
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of replacing soybean meal with hempseed meal in diet on performance, egg quality and blood parameters in laying hens. A total of 200 Hy-line 102 wks laying hens were randomly allotted to 25 cages in 5 dietary treatments with 5 replicates (8 birds each ...
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This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of replacing soybean meal with hempseed meal in diet on performance, egg quality and blood parameters in laying hens. A total of 200 Hy-line 102 wks laying hens were randomly allotted to 25 cages in 5 dietary treatments with 5 replicates (8 birds each replicate). This experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with 5 treatments involved different ratio of soybean meal to hempseed meal protein source including 1) ratio of 100: 0 protein of soybean meal to hempseed meal (control); 2) ratio of 75: 25 protein of soybean meal to hempseed meal; 3) ratio of 50: 50 protein of soybean meal to hempseed meal; 4) ratio of 25: 75 protein of soybean meal to hempseed meal; and 5) ratio of 0: 100 protein of soybean meal to hempseed meal. Egg production, egg mean weight and feed intake in the birds fed diet contained ratio of 0: 100 protein of soybean meal to hempseed meal were higher than control diet (P<0.05). Albumin height (Haugh unit), yolk color index, yolk weight percentage and shell weight percentage were ameliorated when hens fed diets the highest protein ratio of hempseed meal compared with the control group. Using hempseed meal in diets decreased (P<0.05) the cholesterol, triglycerides and lipoprotein with low density as compared with the control group. It can be concluded that replacing of 75 % and 100% of hempseed meal to soybean meal may improve the performance, egg quality of post molting layer and decrease the serum LDL and cholesterol of laying hens.
Moustafa Hajilou; Hamid Reza Mirzaei Alamouti; Mehdi Ganjkhanlou; Hamid Amanlou
Volume 17, Issue 2 , October 2015, , Pages 347-358
Abstract
Four ruminally-cannulated Holstein cows were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square changeover design within periods of 21 days to evaluate effects of feeding frequency of different sources of rumen degradable nitrogen on total tract digestibility of nutrients, feeding behaviors, rumen and blood metabolites ...
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Four ruminally-cannulated Holstein cows were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square changeover design within periods of 21 days to evaluate effects of feeding frequency of different sources of rumen degradable nitrogen on total tract digestibility of nutrients, feeding behaviors, rumen and blood metabolites of Holstein cows. Treatments were: 1) control diet which was as total mixed ration (TMR) offered once daily in the morning (08:00), 2) control diet in which a part of its soybean was offered at 19:00, 3) control diet in which a part of its urea was offered at 19:00 and 4) control diet in which a part of its fish meal was offered at 19:00. Rumination time increased in cows fed twice daily with protein sources (P<0.05). Total tract digestibility of dry matter and organic matter were higher in cows received urea at the evening time. Total tract digestibility of neutral detergent fiber increased with feeding all sources of protein at the evening time (P<0.05). Molar proportion of volatile fatty acids, rumen pH and rumen ammonia concentration were not affected by feeding time of protein sources. The results indicated that increasing delivery of rumen degradable nitrogen sources improved dry matter and fiber digestibility and chewing activity of non-lactating Holstein dairy cows.