Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1 MSc students, Department of Animal and Poultry Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
2 Department of Animal and Poultry Nutrition, , Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Animal and Poultry Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
4 PhD students, Department of Animal and Poultry Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
Abstract
The effect of different levels of Oji plant powder on performance, nutrient digestibility, rumination behavior, blood and rumen parameters of Dalagh ewes, using 18 ewes with an average weight of 38±3.5 kg in a completely randomized design with three treatments and six Repetition was investigated. The treatments included 1- control (without Oji powder), 2- 25 gr of Oji powder per day and 3- 50 gr of Oji powder per day. Different levels of Oji powder in ewes had no effect on the weight at the end of the period, daily weight gain, cholesterol, glucose, total protein, albumin, globulin and blood albumin/globulin ratio. Feeding ewes with different levels of Oji powder decreased the apparent digestibility of dry matter, increased nutritional consumption behavior and rumination activity, and increased blood urea and triglyceride levels(P<0.05). Feeding ewes with different levels of Oji powder caused a significant decrease in protozoan population three hours after feeding and an increase in rumen pH three hours after morning feeding(P<0.05). Ruminal ammonia concentration in ewes that received 50 gr of Oji powder per day was higher than other treatments(P<0.05). According to the results of this research, adding the powder of Oji plant up to the level of 50 gr per day to the ration of Dalagh ewes does not have a significant effect on the functional traits of the animal, and it also shows a positive effect on the protozoan population and rumen pH.
Keywords
- Ababakri R, Riasi A, Fath MH, Naeemipoor H and Khorsandi S (2012) The effect of spearmint sativum essence added to starter diet on ruminal fermentation, weaning age and performance of Holstein calves. Iranian Journal of Animal Science Research, 22(4): 57-68. (In Persian).
- AOAC (2000) Official methods of analysis, 17th ed. Association of official analytical chemists, Arlington, VA.
- Ando S, Nishida T, Ishida M, Hosoda K and Bayaru E (2003) Effect of peppermint feeding on the digestibility, ruminal fermentation and protozoa. Livestock Production Science, 82: 245-248.
- Araujo RC, Pires AV, Susin I, Mendes CQ, Rodrigues GH, Packer IU and Eastridge ML (2008) Milk yield, milk composition, eating behavior, and lamb performance of ewes fed diets containing soybean hulls replacing coastcross (Cynodon species) hay. Journal of Animal Science, 86: 3511-3521.
- Bampidis VA, Christodoulou V, Florou-Paneri P, Christaki E, Spais AB and Chatzopoulou PS (2005) Effect of dietary dried oregano leaves supplementation on performance and carcass characteristics of growing lambs. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 121: 285-295.
- Benchaar C, Hristov AN and Greathead H (2009) Essential oils as feed additives in animal nutrition. Pages 111-146 in Phytogenics in Animal Nutrition. T. Steiner, ed. Nottingham University Press, Nottingham, UK.
- Busquet M, Calsamiglia S Ferret A and Kamel C (2005b) Screening for the effects of natural plant extracts and secondary plant metabolites on rumen microbial fermentation in continuous culture. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 124: 597-613.
- Calsamiglia S, Busquet M, Cardozo P, Castillejos L and Ferret A (2007) Essential oils as modifiers of rumen microbial fer-mentation: a review. Journal of Dairy Science, 90: 2580-2595.
- Chaves AV, Stanford K, Gibson LL, McAllister TA and Benchaar C (2008b) Effects of carvacrol and cinnamaldehyde on intake, rumen fermentation, growth performance, and carcass characteristics of growing lambs. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 145: 396-408.
- Dehority BA and Males JR (1984) Rumen Fluid Osmolality: Evaluation of influence upon the occurrence and numbers of holotrich protozoa in sheep. Journal Animal Science, 38: 865-870.
- Ghahhari N, Ghoorchi T and Vakili SA (2016) Effect of adding herbs (Ziziphora clinopodioides, Mentha spicata and Mentha pulegium) in milk on performance, blood metabolites and fecal microbial population on Holstein calves. Iranian Journal of animal Science, 8(1): 57-71. (In Persian).
- Gumus R, Serkan H, Halit I and Mesut H (2017) The Effects of the Supplementation of Lamb Rations with Oregano Essential Oil on the Performance, Some Blood Parameters and Antioxidant Metabolism in Meat and Liver Tissues. Kafkas Universitesi Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 23(3): 395-401.
- Hosoda K, Kuramoto K, Eruden B, Nishida T and Shioya S (2006) The Effects of Three Herbs as Feed Supplements on Blood Metabolites, Hormones, Antioxidant Activity, IgG Concentration, and Ruminal Fermentation in Holstein Steers. Journal of Animal Science, 19(1): 35-41.
- Hosoda K, Nishida T, Park WY and Eruden B (2005) Influence of Mentha×piperita (peppermint) supplementation on nutrient digestibility and energy metabolism in lactating dairy cows. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 18: 1721-1726.
- Hristov AN, Lee C, Cassidy T, Heyler K, Tekippe JA, Varga GA, Corl B and Brandt RC (2013) Effect of Origanum vulgare leaves on rumen fermentation, production, and milk fatty acid composition in lactating dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 96: 1189-1202.
- Khamisabadi H, Kafilzadeh F and Charaein B (2015) Effect of Addition of Peppermint (Mentha peppirta) or Thymus (Thymus vulgaris L.) on Meat quality characteristics of Sanjabi finishing lambs. Journal of Ruminant Research, 3(1): 103-121.
- Kohneshin Z, Kiani A, Azarfar A and Khosravinia H (2015) Effect of feeding dried de-oiled savory (Satureja khuzestanica) on blood lipoproteins and cholesterol concentrations of fattening lambs. Animal Sciences Journal, 28(108): 65-72. (In Persian).
- Kolling GJ, Stivanin SCB, Gabbi AM, Machado FS Ferreira AL, Campos MM, Tomich TR, Cunha CS, Dill SW, Pereira LGR and Fischer V (2018) Performance and methane emissions in dairy cows fed oregano and green tea extracts as feed additives. Journal of Dairy Science, 101: 4221-4234.
- Mahboubi M and Haghi G (2008) Antimicrobial activity and chemical composition of Mentha pulegium Essential oil. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 119: 325- 327.
- National Research Council (2007) Nutrient Requirements of Small Ruminants: Sheep, Goats, Cervide and New York Camelids. National Academy of Science, Washington, DC.
- Salamat A, Ghorchi T, Ghanbari F and Ashayerizadeh O (2015) Determination of degradability and the effect of Ziziphora tenuior on dry matter digestibility rumen microbial population and blood parameters of Dalaq sheep. International Journal of Livestock Research, 4(3): 23-24. (In Persian).
- SAS (2019) Users Guide: Statistics, version 9.4. Cary, NC, USA: SAS Institute, Inc.
- Tekippe JA, Hristov AN, Heyler KS, Cassidy TW, Zheljazkov VD, Ferreira JFS, Karnati SK and Varga GA (2011) Rumen fermentation and production effects of Origanum vulgare leaves in lactating dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 94: 5065-5079.
- Toghdory A, Asadi M and Ghoorchi T (2022) Effect of adding different levels Ziziphora tenuior on performance, blood parameters and fecal score of Sistani neonatal kids. Iranian Journal of Animal Science Research, 14(2): 175-187. (In Persian).
)