Essa Dirandeh; Mohammad Kazemi Fard; Tannaz Saberifar
Volume 24, Issue 2 , July 2022, , Pages 227-235
Abstract
The occurrence and spread of inflammation can affect the quantity and quality of eggs in laying hens. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of soy Gensitein (GEN)on systemic inflammatory status and performances of laying hens post-peak. The research was performed in a completely ...
Read More
The occurrence and spread of inflammation can affect the quantity and quality of eggs in laying hens. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of soy Gensitein (GEN)on systemic inflammatory status and performances of laying hens post-peak. The research was performed in a completely randomized design, during a period of about 8 weeks, using 80 laying hens of High Line W-36 strains (older than 43 weeks). Experimental treatments were control group (basal diet) and genistein group (basal diet+ 20mg GEN/kg of diet). At the end of experiment, five hens from each treatment were laughter and 50 g of liver sample were taken for gene expression of IL-1, IL-2, TNF-α, COX-1 and COX-2. Results showed that soy GEN decreased gene expression of IL-1 (245 fold), IL-2 (3.53 fold), IL-6 (2.68 fold), TNF-α (4.83 fold), COX-1 (3.92 fold) and COX-2 (1.73 fold) compared to the control group. Laying hens fed GEN diets had higher feed intake and better conversion ratio and had higher egg production rates than the control group.The results of this study showed that soy GEN could reduce inflammation in the liver of laying hens post-peak and improve production performances.
Hossein Mohebodini; amin ashayerizadeh; vahid jazi
Volume 23, Issue 1 , March 2021, , Pages 83-95
Abstract
The effects of feeding fermented cottonseed meal on performance, egg quality characteristics, gastrointestinal microbial population, and blood serum parameters were studied in a completely randomized design with nine treatments, six replicates, and 12 birds per replication using 648 Hy-Line W-36 laying ...
Read More
The effects of feeding fermented cottonseed meal on performance, egg quality characteristics, gastrointestinal microbial population, and blood serum parameters were studied in a completely randomized design with nine treatments, six replicates, and 12 birds per replication using 648 Hy-Line W-36 laying hens. Raw cottonseed meal was fermented with a liquid mixed culture containing Lactobacillus plantarum, Bacillus subtilis, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae with a ratio of one to 1.2. The experimental treatments included replacing 7.5, 15, 22.5, and 30 percent of the raw or fermented cottonseed meal with soybean meal in the diet. After seven days of fermentation, free gossypol content of cottonseed meal was reduced from 985 to 107 mg/kg (P<0.05). The use of different levels of fermented cottonseed meal in the diet increased egg production percentage and egg mass and decreased feed conversion ratio compared to raw cottonseed meal (P <0.05). The eggshell strength in hens fed diets containing fermented cottonseed meal was higher than control birds and chickens receiving diets containing raw cottonseed (P <0.05). Feeding the diets containing different levels of fermented cottonseed meal significantly increased lactic acid bacteria population in crop and cecal of laying hens (P <0.05). Blood cholesterol concentration was lower in birds receiving diets containing fermented cottonseed meal than in other birds (P <0.05). The results of this research showed that replacing fermented cotton meal up to 30% with soybean meal in the diet of laying hens improves the parameters of eggshell quality, microbial flora in the gastrointestinal tract, and blood cholesterol of laying hens without negatively affecting performance.
Seyd Ahmad Sahaf; Heydar Zarghi; َAbolghasem Golian
Volume 20, Issue 1 , May 2018, , Pages 131-143
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of raw and/or autoclaved grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) seed in diet on performance and egg quality of laying hens. Three hundred and thirty-six Leghorn laying hens strain W-36 at 87 week of age were assigned in a completely randomize designed (CRD) ...
Read More
This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of raw and/or autoclaved grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) seed in diet on performance and egg quality of laying hens. Three hundred and thirty-six Leghorn laying hens strain W-36 at 87 week of age were assigned in a completely randomize designed (CRD) experiment with 7 treatments, 6 replicates and 8 birds each. The experimental treatments included; corn-soybean meal (control) diet, and 8, 16 and 24% dietary levels of either raw or autoclaved grass pea grain. The experiment lasted for 12 weeks. Feed consumption, egg production percentage and egg mass of hens fed diets containing different levels of raw and autoclaved grass pea grain were significantly lower and their feed conversion ratio was significantly higher than those fed control diet. The autoclaving of grass pea grain resulted in significant increase in performance and eggshell quality indices in birds fed diets containing 16 and 24% grass pea grain. Although autoclaving of grass pea grain reduced the negative effect of its replacement in the diet on performance and egg characteristics, however, it could not compensate the reduction in performance. According to the results of this experiment, the utilization of raw grass pea grain is not recommended in laying hen diets. Also, autoclaving process alone can’t destroy the anti-nutritional factors present in grass pea grain.
Hamidreza Moslehi; Bahman navidshad; seyed davood sharifi; Farzad Mirzaei Aghjeh-Gheshlagh
Volume 20, Issue 1 , May 2018, , Pages 159-175
Abstract
The effect of different sources of Se, together with flaxseed on performance, egg physical qualities and some serum biochemical parameters in laying hens was investigated. In a completely randomized design, 384 "Hy-Line W36" hens (50 wks of age) were assigned to a 3×4 factorial arrangement comprising ...
Read More
The effect of different sources of Se, together with flaxseed on performance, egg physical qualities and some serum biochemical parameters in laying hens was investigated. In a completely randomized design, 384 "Hy-Line W36" hens (50 wks of age) were assigned to a 3×4 factorial arrangement comprising four replicates of eight for ten weeks. Birds received three basal diets containing 0, 5% and 10% of flaxseed, supplemented with no Se and one mg/kg of Se from sodium selenite, Se-enriched yeast and seleno-hydroxy-methionine(Selisseo). Inclusion of flaxseed decreased egg weight and egg mass(P
shokoufe ghazanfari
Volume 19, Issue 3 , November 2017, , Pages 627-643
Abstract
This study was carried out toinvestigate the effect ofmannan-oligosaccharide prebioticonperformance,egg quality, immune response, intestine ileum microflora and nutrient digestibility in laying hens fed various levels of crude protein. A total of 150 Hy-Line W-36 layinghens were assigned to a 2×3 ...
Read More
This study was carried out toinvestigate the effect ofmannan-oligosaccharide prebioticonperformance,egg quality, immune response, intestine ileum microflora and nutrient digestibility in laying hens fed various levels of crude protein. A total of 150 Hy-Line W-36 layinghens were assigned to a 2×3 factorial arrangement of treatments. Experimental diets consisted of 3 levels of crude protein (recommended level for strain, 90 and 95% of recommended level) and 2 levels of mannan-oligosaccharides (0 and 0.1% of diet). Reduction of crude protein to 10% of basal diet resulted in decrease of egg weight, egg production, egg mass and feed conversion ratio (P<0.01). Supplementation of mannan-oligosaccharide into the diet improved egg production and egg mass (P<0.05). Newcastle antibody titer, primary and second antibody response against sheep red blood cell increased by supplementation of mannan-oligosaccharides (P<0.05). Reduction of crude protein to 5% reduced blood serum triglycerides concentration (P<0.05). Reduction of crude protein to 5 and 10 % of diet caused increases in digestibility coefficients of organic matter and Reduction of crude protein to 10 % caused decline of crude fat digestibility (P<0.05). Dietary supplementation mannan-oligosaccharides increased crude fat digestibility and decreased ileal E. coli count (P<0.05). So, supplementation of mannan-oligosaccharide at levels of 0.1% of diet improved immune parameters and intestinal ileum microflora. Similarly, crude protein at levels of 15.68% of diet did not reduced performance parameters of layinghens from age 47 to 57 weeks.
Razieh Badiefar; Farid Shariatmadari
Volume 18, Issue 4 , December 2016, , Pages 789-799
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of whole barley with GalyZym poly enzymesupplementation on performance and nutrient digestibility in laying hens. In this study 105 laying hens (w-36) at the age of 40 to 52 weeks were distributed randomly in 5 treatments, with 7 replication, and ...
Read More
The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of whole barley with GalyZym poly enzymesupplementation on performance and nutrient digestibility in laying hens. In this study 105 laying hens (w-36) at the age of 40 to 52 weeks were distributed randomly in 5 treatments, with 7 replication, and 3 birds in each. The experimental treatments included control diet, diets containing barley seed without enzyme, diets containing barley and Galyzym enzyme supplementation,diet containing chopped oatmeal without enzyme, diet containing chopped oatmeal and Galyzym enzyme supplementation. Effects of treatments on production and egg weight was not significant, But laying hens that fed a diet containing barley seeds (with or without enzyme supplementation), had more daily feed intake compared to the control birds (P<0.05). Effects of treatments on egg quality characteristics were not significant. Addition of Galyzym enzyme to the diets containing barley had no effect on apparent metabolizable energy of the diet, dry matter and Organic matter digestibility as well. When enzyme was added to the diets containing oatmeal,an increase of protein digestibility were observed.According toresults of this study, 50 percent of corn in corn and soybean meal based diets on can be replaced with barley grain supplemented with enzyme, without decreasing the performances and digestibility of the nutrients.
Volume 18, Issue 4 , December 2016, , Pages 801-810
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of replacing soybean meal with hempseed meal in diet on performance, egg quality and blood parameters in laying hens. A total of 200 Hy-line 102 wks laying hens were randomly allotted to 25 cages in 5 dietary treatments with 5 replicates (8 birds each ...
Read More
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of replacing soybean meal with hempseed meal in diet on performance, egg quality and blood parameters in laying hens. A total of 200 Hy-line 102 wks laying hens were randomly allotted to 25 cages in 5 dietary treatments with 5 replicates (8 birds each replicate). This experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with 5 treatments involved different ratio of soybean meal to hempseed meal protein source including 1) ratio of 100: 0 protein of soybean meal to hempseed meal (control); 2) ratio of 75: 25 protein of soybean meal to hempseed meal; 3) ratio of 50: 50 protein of soybean meal to hempseed meal; 4) ratio of 25: 75 protein of soybean meal to hempseed meal; and 5) ratio of 0: 100 protein of soybean meal to hempseed meal. Egg production, egg mean weight and feed intake in the birds fed diet contained ratio of 0: 100 protein of soybean meal to hempseed meal were higher than control diet (P<0.05). Albumin height (Haugh unit), yolk color index, yolk weight percentage and shell weight percentage were ameliorated when hens fed diets the highest protein ratio of hempseed meal compared with the control group. Using hempseed meal in diets decreased (P<0.05) the cholesterol, triglycerides and lipoprotein with low density as compared with the control group. It can be concluded that replacing of 75 % and 100% of hempseed meal to soybean meal may improve the performance, egg quality of post molting layer and decrease the serum LDL and cholesterol of laying hens.
Seyede Asma Mousavi; Seyed Amir Hossein Mahdavi; Ahmad Riasi; Ali Sadeghi-Sefidmazgi
Volume 17, Issue 2 , October 2015, , Pages 321-333
Abstract
The effects of dietary inclusion of medicinal plants’ by-product mixture on performance, the relative internal organ weight, ileal microbial counts, and small intestinal and liver morphologic alterations in laying hens receiving different omega-6 to omega-3 ratios as a 2×3 factorial arrangements ...
Read More
The effects of dietary inclusion of medicinal plants’ by-product mixture on performance, the relative internal organ weight, ileal microbial counts, and small intestinal and liver morphologic alterations in laying hens receiving different omega-6 to omega-3 ratios as a 2×3 factorial arrangements with three levels of plants’ by-product (zero, 2.5 and five percent) and two omega-6 to omega-3 ratios based on completely randomized design containing six treatments with four replicates of five birds each. Feeding low dietary omega-6 to omega-3 ratio to hens led to a significant increase in the relative spleen weight, the number and diameter of lamina propria lymphoid follicles and middle egg production percentage (P=0.05), and a reduction in the relative liver weight and hepatic fat percentage (P<0.05). Furthermore, dietary inclusion of plants’ by-product mixture improved villi height, the numbers and diameter of lamina propria lymphoid follicles, the number of goblet cells (P<0.05) as well as feed conversion ratio (P=0.08). Hepatic malondialdehyde concentration and ileal Escherichia coli population was decreased (P<0.01) in hens given plants’ by-product mixture. Therefore, our findings indicated that low dietary omega-6 to omega-3 ratio could improve egg production slightly, and administration of five percent of medicinal plants’ by-product mixture as a result of synergistic effect expressions could improve intestinal and hepatic health indices as well as feed conversion ratio in laying hens.
Mohammad Zarei; Mohammad Ehsani; Mehran Torki
Volume 13, Issue 2 , March 2012, , Pages 61-71
Abstract
To evaluate effects of adding two probiotics (Thepax and Yeasturer) and two prebiotics (Fermacto and A-Max), and one synbiotic (Biomin) to iso-caloric and iso-nitrogenous diet (ME = 2720 kcal/kg and CP =145 g/kg) on performance of laying hens and egg quality traits, 216 Lohmann LSL-Lite 76-wk old laying ...
Read More
To evaluate effects of adding two probiotics (Thepax and Yeasturer) and two prebiotics (Fermacto and A-Max), and one synbiotic (Biomin) to iso-caloric and iso-nitrogenous diet (ME = 2720 kcal/kg and CP =145 g/kg) on performance of laying hens and egg quality traits, 216 Lohmann LSL-Lite 76-wk old laying hens were divided in 36 cages (n = 6). Productive performance of hens was recorded for six weeks and egg quality characteristics were measured on the last week of trial. Feed additives did not have significant effect on EP, FCR, FI and EM in the present study. Including diets with feed additives in the present experiment significantly increased EW. Egg shell weight and shell thickness were increased in the hens fed additive-included diets compared to hens fed the control diet. In conclusion, feed additives used in this investigation did have beneficial effects on egg quality characteristics in terms of egg shell weight and shell thickness, with no beneficial effects on hens' productive performance.