Journal of Animal Production, Print ISSN: 2008-6776., Online ISSN: 2382-994X

Investigation of Relationship between some productive and reproductive factors with calf sex in dairy cattle

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

MOHAMMAD AMIN BARADAR
Kazem Karimi
Seyed Hosein Tabatabaie

ISLAMIC AZAD UNIVERSITY Varamin-Pishva Branch

https://doi.org/10.22059/jap.2018.257341.623277
Abstract
This study was carried out in order to evaluate the relationship between some productive and reproductive factors with calf sex (CS), in Shahryar city from 2017 to 2018. Synchronization and pregnancy detection were performed by a veterinarian. Heat detected cows were inseminated by artificial insemination (AI) or mated by bull cow based on their reproductive history. Implantation of fetus in left-side or right-side of uterine horn was determined by sonography. The CS of newborn calves was also registered immediately after calving in order to analyze the sex ratio. Results showed that the intervals between calving and first insemination service had no significant effect on CS. In addition, CS was not affected by age of cow and type of insemination. However, implantation of fetus in the rightside compared to the left-side uterine horn resulted in a greater ratio of female than the male calves(P>0.05). The ratio of female calves in the dairy cows with high milk production (45%) was higher than those with low milk production (25%, P<0.05). The primiparous cows significantly produced (P<0.05) higher ratios of female calves (60%) rather than multiparous cows (47%, 46% and 47% in the second, third and fourth parturition, respectively). It can be concluded that, the uterine horn side implantation, level of milk production and primiparous or multiparous cows’ statement are effective factors on CS. Therefore, it is possible to convey the sex ratio of new born calves to a desired ratio by manipulating some parameters in dairy cows before the birth. 
 

Keywords

calf sex
calving interval
level of milk production
parturition time
uterine horn side
 
1.     Berry DP and Cromie AR (2007) Artificial insemination increases the probability of a male calf in dairy and beef cattle. Theriogenology. 67: 346-352.
2.     Clark MM, Jr GBG and Vom Saal FS (1991) Nonrandom sex composition of gerbil, mouse, and hamster litters before and after birth. Developmental Psychobiology. 24: 81-90.
3.     Demiral O, Ün M, Abay M and Bekyürek T (2007) The effect of artificial insemination timing on the sex ratio of offspring and fertility in dairy cows. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences. 31: 21-24.
4.     Gao QH, Han CM, Ma MT, Cheng R, Du HZ, Zhang ZG and Li XM (2013) Evaluation of Embryonic Sex Ratio in the Left and Right Uterine Horns of Super Ovulated GoatsJournal of Fertilization: In Vitro-IVF-Worldwide, Reproductive Medicine, Genetics & Stem Cell Biology. 5: 31-42
5.      Gharagozlou F,  Vojgani M, Akbarinejad V, Niasari-Naslaji A, Hemmati M and  Youssefi R (2013) Parallel distribution of sexes within left and right uterine horns in Holstein dairy cows: Evidence that the effect of side of pregnancy on sex ratio could be breed-specific in cattle.Animal Reproduction Science. 30: 142-144.
6.     Hinde K, Carpenter AJ, Clay JS and Bradford BJ (2014) Holsteins favor heifers, not bulls: biased milk production programmed during pregnancy as a function of fetal sex. PLOS ONE. 9(2): 1-7.
7.     Hylan D, Giraldo AM, Carter JA, Jr GTG, Bondioli KR and Godke RA, (2009) Sex ratio of bovine embryos and calves originating from the left and right ovaries. Biology of Reproduction. 81: 933-938.
8.     Ijaz Khan M, Jalali S, Shahid B, and Aslam Shami S (2015) Effect of artificial insemination and natural Service on Calf Sex Ratio in Dairy Cattle. Proceedings of the Pakistan Academy of Sciences. 52: 63-66.
9.     Kaygisiz A, Vanli Y and Cakmak L (2003) Estimates of genetic and phenotypic parameters of sex ratio in Holstein cattle. GAP III. Agricultural Congress, Sanliurfa, Turkey.
10.   Khan S, Qureshi MS, Chand N, Sultan A, Khan RI, Ihsanullah Tanweer AJ, Sohail SM, Hussain M, Akhtar A and Khan D (2012) Effect of breeding method on calf sex and postpartum reproductive performance of cattle and buffaloes. Sarhad Journal of Agriculture 28: 479-476.
11.   Lass A, Croucher C, Lawrie H, Margara R and Winston RML (1997) Right or left ovary – which one is better? Human Reproduction. 12: 1730-1731.
12.   O WS and Chow PH (1987) Asymmetry in the ovary and uterus of the golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 80: 21-23.
13.   Rosenfeld CS and Roberts RM (2004) Maternal diet and other factors affecting offspring sex ratio: a review. Biology of Reproduction. 71: 1063-1070.
14.   Sawa A, Jankowska M and Głowska M (2014) Effect of some factors on sex of the calf born, and of sex calf on performance of dairy cows. Acta Science Poland Zootechnica. 13: 75-84.
15.   Wiebold JL and Becker WC (1987) Inequality in function of the right and left ovaries and uterine horns of the mouse. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 79: 125-134.
16.   Yilmaz I, Eyduran E and Kaygisiz A (2010) Determination of some environmental factors related to sex ratio brown swiss calves. The Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences. 20:164-169.
Journal of Animal Production, Print ISSN: 2008-6776., Online ISSN: 2382-994X
Volume 20, Issue 4
Winter 2019
Pages 641-648

Home

Guide for Authors

Submit Manuscript

Reviewers

Contact Us