Seyyed Ahmad Hosseini; Mohammad Hassan Fathi Nasri; Homayoon farhangfar; masood didarkhah
Volume 22, Issue 4 , December 2020, , Pages 560-569
Abstract
In this study, the nutritional value of four camel rangeland plants, including Alhaghi Sp (AS), Haloxylon persicum (HP), Seidlitzia rosmarinous (SR) and Tamarix Gallica (TG) in different phenological growth stages including vegetating, flowering and seeding were evaluated. Rangeland species were ...
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In this study, the nutritional value of four camel rangeland plants, including Alhaghi Sp (AS), Haloxylon persicum (HP), Seidlitzia rosmarinous (SR) and Tamarix Gallica (TG) in different phenological growth stages including vegetating, flowering and seeding were evaluated. Rangeland species were randomly sampled and their chemical composition were measured. Rumen digestibility of dry matter was assessed using a fistulated camel. The results showed that the amount of crude protein of AS and SR was higher than that of other species, Also, the lowest levels of natural detergent fibers, acid detergent fibers and tannins were observed in SR (P <0/05). Slowly degradable fraction, degradation rate and effective degradability of SR was significantly higher than other species (P <0/05). Results of this study showed that SR was better than other rangeland species due to its high crude protein content and lower acid detergent fiber and phenolic compounds, so it was used instead of alfalfa at three levels of zero, 50 and %100 in camel’s diet. Feeding SR did not affect milk yield and its components including fat, lactose and total solids. Dry matter intake of dairy camels decreased with increasing of SR in diet, but milk protein and urea nitrogen increased (P <0/05). The results of this study indicated that replacement of alfalfa hay with SR in feeding dairy camels while maintaining camel production performance, reduce the cost of feeding camel and made it more economical to rear this valuable livestock.
Mohammad Reza Ghorbani; tahereh mohammadabadi; Hadis Mirzaei
Volume 22, Issue 3 , September 2020, , Pages 417-429
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of processed date pit on broiler performance. In this experiment, 280 broiler chicks were used in a completely randomized design with seven treatments and four replicates. The experimental treatments were: 1- control (diet without date pit), 2- ...
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This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of processed date pit on broiler performance. In this experiment, 280 broiler chicks were used in a completely randomized design with seven treatments and four replicates. The experimental treatments were: 1- control (diet without date pit), 2- 10 percent raw date pit, and treatments 3 to 7- were 10 percent date pit that processed with steam pressure, NaOH, and fermented with Lactobacillus fermentum, Bacillus subtilis, and Aspergillus niger respectively. The crude protein content of processed date pit was higher, and the ether extract content was lower (exept NaOH) than raw date pit (p < 0.05). The feed intake, body weight gain, feed conversion ratio and cecal microbial population of broiler chickens were not affected by experimental treatments. The small intestine length of birds that fed diets containing processeddate pit with steam pressure and NaoH was significantly reduced in comparison with birds resived diets containing fermented date pit with Aspergillus niger and without date pit (p < 0.05). The highest amount of litter dry matter and lowest amount of excreta ash was observed in groups fed diet containing raw date pit (p < 0.05). According to the results of this study, the processing methods of date pit has no effect on broiler performance and cecal microbial population. Therefore, due to the high cost of processing, and the favorable effects of feeding raw date pit on broiler litter quality, the use of raw date pit in broilers diet is recommended.
Abbas Rajaei Rad; Mohsen Sari; Mohammad javad Zamiri; Morteza Chaji; Somayeh Salari
Volume 18, Issue 3 , October 2016, , Pages 431-445
Abstract
Palm date leaves were processed with lime in a processing reactor in a factorial arrangement of treatments (3 × 3) with 3 levels of temperatures (40, 80 and 100°C) and time periods (80, 160, and 240 minutes) in a completely randomized design. Fermentation parameters measured using gas production ...
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Palm date leaves were processed with lime in a processing reactor in a factorial arrangement of treatments (3 × 3) with 3 levels of temperatures (40, 80 and 100°C) and time periods (80, 160, and 240 minutes) in a completely randomized design. Fermentation parameters measured using gas production technique. With increasing pretreatment time and temperature lignin content reduced from 13.0 percent in untreated leaves to 6.0 percent in leaves treated in 100°C for 240 min. Increasing time and temperature of the processing decreased ash content (P<0.01). Calcium concentration was increased from 0.58 percent in untreated leaves to 0.94 in the processed biomass at a temperature of 40°C for 80 min (P<0.01). Interaction was significant among pretreatment time and temperature on cell wall, dry matter loss, gas production from fermentable fraction and gas production (P<0.01). Gas production at the end of 72 h incubation increased from 76.2 ml per gram of dry matter in untreated samples to 189.8 ml per gram of dry matter in the treatment of 100°C for 240 min. Organic matter digestibility increased with increasing severity of pretreatment from 26.5 percent in the treatment of 40°C for 80 min to 36.4 percent in the treatment of 100°C for 240 min. The images of scanning electron microscopy showed more pores and holes in pretreated samples with increasing temperature and processing time compared to untreated sample. Results indicated that lime pretreatment with heat can remove lignin and improve in vitro digestibility of date leaves.
Mohammad Mehdi Moeini; Mojgan Azari Torbat; hamid Amanlou
Volume 12, Issue 2 , October 2010, , Pages 51-59
Abstract
15 Holstein cows (1st lactation, 554 ± 57 Kg) randomly divided into three groups. Cows fed Vicia ervilia seed at the rate of 0%, 7% and 14%, DM of dietary, which replaced with Soya been meal and barely. Vicia ervilia (VE) contain approximately: 93.93% DM, 22.8% CP, 5.95% Ash, 3.02% EE, 63% NFE, ...
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15 Holstein cows (1st lactation, 554 ± 57 Kg) randomly divided into three groups. Cows fed Vicia ervilia seed at the rate of 0%, 7% and 14%, DM of dietary, which replaced with Soya been meal and barely. Vicia ervilia (VE) contain approximately: 93.93% DM, 22.8% CP, 5.95% Ash, 3.02% EE, 63% NFE, 5.23% CF, 15.01% NDF and 6.13% ADF. The effective ruminal degradability of CP and DM of VE amounted to 74.76% and 70.57% respectively. Milk production increased in 14% group compared with control (P< 0.05). The values of urea nitrogen in treated cows were significantly increased (P< 0.05). The result of this study indicated that the Vicia ervilia can be used as a protein source replaced with Soya been at the 14% level in dairy cows ration during lactation period after partition.