Essa Dirandeh; Mohammad Kazemi Fard; Tannaz Saberifar
Volume 24, Issue 3 , October 2022, , Pages 373-382
Abstract
To investigate the effect of fatty liver on insulin resistance in the liver of laying hens, an experiment using 80 laying hens of commercial line strains (w-36) after peak production (age 43 weeks) for eight weeks were performedin a completely randomized design with two treatments. The experimental treatments ...
Read More
To investigate the effect of fatty liver on insulin resistance in the liver of laying hens, an experiment using 80 laying hens of commercial line strains (w-36) after peak production (age 43 weeks) for eight weeks were performedin a completely randomized design with two treatments. The experimental treatments included control group (no injection) and the estradiol group (injection of two mg estradiol benzoate per kg body weight). In order to induce fatty liver disease, the injection of 17-beta estradiol started from the third week of experiment (age 46), and was performed three times a week for 21 days. Blood samples were taken to evaluate the concentration of triglycerides, cholesterol and liver enzymes (aspartate transaminase (AST), alanin transaminase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) at the end of the experiment using 20 hens from each treatment. At the end of experiment, five hens of each treatment were selected and sacrificed, then 50 g of liver tissue was removed to study gene expression of insulin receptor (InR), glucose transporter1 (Glut1), sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP1), Ribosomal S6 kinase1 (S6K1), Target of Rapamycin (TOR) and Forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1). The results showed that the injection of estradiol induced fatty liver and increased plasma concentrations of cholesterol and triglyceride as well as activity of AST, ALT and ALP. In hens with fatty liver, expression of FOXO1 (4.1-fold), TOR (3.9-fold), S6K1 (3.3-fold) genes increased, and conversely, expression of InR (4.6-fold), Glut1 (7.5-fold) decreased. In conclusion results of the present study showed that the fatty liver induction in laying hens increased expression of insulin resistance-related genes.
Mohammad Hossein nemati; Mustafa Hajilou; sayed abdoullah hosseini; seyyed saeid mousavi
Volume 23, Issue 4 , January 2022, , Pages 549-559
Abstract
In this research the effect of Bioplus B2 probiotic and galactooligosaccharide prebiotic (GOS) on performance, egg quality, and some blood parameters of commercial laying hens were investigated in a sample of 216 hy-line laying hens (w36) with the same average weight aging 50 to 62 weeks for a period ...
Read More
In this research the effect of Bioplus B2 probiotic and galactooligosaccharide prebiotic (GOS) on performance, egg quality, and some blood parameters of commercial laying hens were investigated in a sample of 216 hy-line laying hens (w36) with the same average weight aging 50 to 62 weeks for a period of 12 weeks in a completely randomized design with 6 treatments, 6 replications and 6 hens per each replication in the cage system. Experimental treatments included 1) without additives (as control), 2) diets containing 0.1% Bioplus B2 probiotic, 3) to 6) diets; containing, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15 and 0.20 % of galactooligosaccharides prebiotic, respectively. The results indicated that both egg weight and mass was increased significantly (P<0.05) in the Bioplus B2 probiotic treatment. Egg production percentage, feed intake and feed conversion ratio were not significantly influenced by treatments. Using galactooligosaccharide at the levels of 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2 percent improved dry eggshell weight significantly while the levels of 0.05, 0.15 and 0.2 percent increased eggshell weight per unit area compared to the control (P<0.05). Total protein and albumin of serum increased in the Bioplus B2 treatment (P<0.05). Using Bioplus B2 probiotic and 0.15% galactooligosaccharide significantly decreased blood cholesterol level (P<0.05). In general, the results showed that the using of prebiotic galactooligosaccharide at the level of 0.15 % increases the weight of eggshell per unit area, decreases the blood serum cholesterol, and improves some performance traits compared to control group, therefore it can be used instead of probiotic Bioplus B2.
Zahra Bakhtiari; Mohamad Salarmoini; Mohsen Afsharmanesh
Volume 23, Issue 3 , September 2021, , Pages 459-469
Abstract
In order to investigate the applicability of using male Leghorn chicken powder for laying hens, the experiment was performed with two hundred 50 weeks old Bovans laying hens during three periods of 28 days in a completely randomized design, with 5 treatments, 5 replications, and 8 laying hen per each ...
Read More
In order to investigate the applicability of using male Leghorn chicken powder for laying hens, the experiment was performed with two hundred 50 weeks old Bovans laying hens during three periods of 28 days in a completely randomized design, with 5 treatments, 5 replications, and 8 laying hen per each replication. The dietary treatments were 0, 4, 8, 12, and 16 percent chicken powder. The results showed that during the whole of the rearing period, egg weight was increased when the hens were fed with 4 percent chicken powder, in comparison to 8 and 16 percent levels (P < 0.05). With increasing the level of chicken powder in the diet from 12 to 16 percent, feed intake significantly decreased during 50-53 weeks period and whole rearing period (P < 0.05). Dietary treatments had no significant effect on feed conversion ratio, hen-day egg production, egg mass and egg shell thickness. The highest yolk color index was observed in hens fed with 12 and 16 percent chicken powder in comparison to the control and 4 percent treatments (P < 0.05). Consumption of 16 percent chicken powder increased shell resistance in comparison to the control (P < 0.05). Using chicken powder, up to 12 percent level, significantly decreased feed cost to produce one Kg egg. In conclusion, chicken powder up to 12 percent level does not seem to have an adverse effect on laying hens performance, but further researches are needed to evaluate the effects of chicken powder at 16 percent level.
Sajedeh Shamsollahei; Leila Hassanvand; bahman parizadian
Volume 20, Issue 3 , November 2018, , Pages 437-450
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary inclusion of peppermint essential oils (PEO) on productive performance and immune response in laying hens imposed to dexamethasone-induced stress. The experiment was performed in a 2×3 factorial arrangement in a randomized complete block ...
Read More
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary inclusion of peppermint essential oils (PEO) on productive performance and immune response in laying hens imposed to dexamethasone-induced stress. The experiment was performed in a 2×3 factorial arrangement in a randomized complete block design with 90 Hy- Line (W36) laying hens in 6 treatments and 5 replicates of 3 birds in each. Peppermint essential oil was included into a basal (control) diet at 200 and 400 mg/kg. Dexamethasone was injected subcutaneously in two levels of 0 and 4 mg per bird/ week. Dexamethasone injection decreased egg production, egg mass and body weight gain while increased feed conversion ratio, eosinophil count and serum total protein concentration compared with control birds (P < 0.05). Egg yolk weight was greater in birds fed with diets containing 200 mg/ kg PEO compared with control birds (P < 0.05). Dexamethasone, peppermint essential oil as well their interaction exhibited no significant effect on antibody titer against Newcastle, Influenza and Gambro viruses (P > 0.05). In conclusion, dexamethasone-induced stress exhibited an adverse impact on feed conversion ratio and egg production in laying hens and inclusion of PEO at 200 mg/ kg modulated, in part, certain negative effects including egg weight of hens.
Mohammad Vahid Kimiaeitalab; Shahab Ghazi; Sara Mirzaie Goudarzi
Volume 15, Issue 1 , July 2014, , Pages 11-20
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of various levels of cichorium intybus andcopper on performance and egg yolk cholesterol. Total of 324 layer hens (Hy-Line W-36) were used in arandomized complete blocks with nine treatments, three replications of 12 birds in each from 38 to 50weeks ...
Read More
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of various levels of cichorium intybus andcopper on performance and egg yolk cholesterol. Total of 324 layer hens (Hy-Line W-36) were used in arandomized complete blocks with nine treatments, three replications of 12 birds in each from 38 to 50weeks of age. Experimental diets include control, four levels of copper (150, 200, 250 and 300 mg/kg)and four levels of cichorium intybus (15, 20, 25 and 30 percent of diet). Different levels of cichoriumintybus and copper significantly decreased serum and yolk cholesterol than control. The level of 300mg/kg copper significantly reduced serum and yolk cholesterol but significantly decreased egg weight,egg production and increased feed conversion ratio compared to control. Levels of 25 and 30 percent ofcichorium intybus significantly decreased egg production than control treatment. Yolk color improved bydifferent levels of cichorium intybus than control and copper levels. In conclusion, the best result forlower yolk cholesterol were achieved by those laying hens fed a diet with 150 mg/kg copper of diet or 15percent of cichorium intybus.