Hoshang Lotfollahian; hossein manafi rasi; Abbas Najmabadi
Volume 25, Issue 4 , December 2023, , Pages 445-459
Abstract
To investigate the effects of using fennel root powder in the diet on the productive performance, immune responses, and meat quality of Arian broiler day-old chicks, an experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design with six treatments, four replicates and 20 (male and female) in each, ...
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To investigate the effects of using fennel root powder in the diet on the productive performance, immune responses, and meat quality of Arian broiler day-old chicks, an experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design with six treatments, four replicates and 20 (male and female) in each, for 42 days. The experimental groups include: 1- basic diet (control) 2- basic diet + 2 g/kg fennel root powder 3- basic diet + 4 g/kg fennel root powder 4- basic diet + 6 g/kg fennel root powder 5- basic diet + 250 mg/kg antibiotic and 6- basic diet + 200 mg/kg probiotic. The live weight , livability percentage , the production index and carcass characteristics were not affected by the experimental treatments during the whole period. In contrast, the average feed consumption in the whole period was affected by the treatments containing fennel and antibiotics (P<0.05). The antibodies against sheep red blood cells (SRBC) and immunoglobulin G were higher in the treatments using fennel root powder compared to the control treatment (P<0.05). The use of fennel root powder at all levels, reduced MDA after seven days of keeping meat in the refrigerator at 4 degrees Celsius (P<0.05). In conclution, regarding the positive effects of using fennel root powder on the immune responses and meat preservation of broilers, it is recommended to use it at the rate of 2 grams per kilogram of diets.
Mohsen Zaker_Jafari; Mehrdad Mohammadi; Maziar Mohiti-Asli
Volume 24, Issue 4 , December 2022, , Pages 477-488
Abstract
The effect of chick initial body weight and dietary nutrients density on growth performance and immune response were investigated using 360 Ross 308 one-day-old straight run chicks (mixed sex) in a completely randomized design with 2×3 factorial arrangement of treatments, four replicates and 15 ...
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The effect of chick initial body weight and dietary nutrients density on growth performance and immune response were investigated using 360 Ross 308 one-day-old straight run chicks (mixed sex) in a completely randomized design with 2×3 factorial arrangement of treatments, four replicates and 15 birds per replicate. The initial body weight of chicks was grouped as 42±1 g (standard weight); 38±1 g (light weight; 10% under standard weight); 46±1 g (heavy weight; 10% over standard weight) while the nutrients density of the diet was either 5% lower than the nutritional recommendation of Ross 308 (typical commercial diet in Iran), or as recommended by Ross 308 manual (high-density diet). Chickens fed the high-density diet had higher daily weight gain and lower conversion ratio than chickens fed the typical diets (P<0.05). The effect of dietary density and initial body weight of chicks on carcass components and weight of internal organs were not significant except for heart. Broilers fed the high-density diet and heavy weight had higher antibody titers to sheep red blood cell (P<0.05). Light chicks fed the high-density diets had greater total anti sheep red blood cell and immunoglobulin G titers than light chicks fed the typical diets (P<0.05). Results indicate that feeding light chicks with high-density diets increases their growth rate compared to the chicks with standard or heavy weights. Moreover, feeding diets with a high density of nutrients to light chicks can improve immune responses.
Zahra Karimi Banrivand; Mansour Rezaei; Mohammad Kazemi Fard; Mohammad Ali Tajick Ghanbari
Volume 24, Issue 4 , December 2022, , Pages 489-500
Abstract
This research was carried out to evaluate the effect of sunflower seed meal fermented with Aspergillus niger and Saccharomyces cerevisiae on performance, nutrient digestibility, immune response, some blood parameters in 200 male Ross 308 broiler chicks in a completely randomized design. with five treatments. ...
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This research was carried out to evaluate the effect of sunflower seed meal fermented with Aspergillus niger and Saccharomyces cerevisiae on performance, nutrient digestibility, immune response, some blood parameters in 200 male Ross 308 broiler chicks in a completely randomized design. with five treatments. Experimental treatments were: 1- Diet containing sunflower seed meal fermented by Aspergillus niger 2- Diet containing sunflower seed meal fermented by Saccharomyces cerevisiae 3- Diet containing sunflower seed meal fermented by both Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus niger 4- Diet containing sunflower seed meal without processing 5-Control diet based on corn and soybean meal. Feed intake in control and treatment 1 were higher than the other treatments in starter and finisher periods of the experiment (P<0.05). Daily Feed intake in control group was higher than the other treatments in whole period of the experiment (P<0.05). Daily weight gain in control and treatment 1 were higher than the other group in starter and grower periods of the experiment (P<0.05). Feed conversion ratio in treatment 1 was better in finisher phase. In whole period of the experiment, feed conversion ratio in control and treatment 1 was better than the other treatments (P<0.05). Dry matter, crude protein, crude fat digestibility in the control group was higher than the other treatments (P<0.05). In conclusion, inclusion of sunflower seed meal fermented with Aspergillus niger, in broiler diet showed similar feed conversion ratio in compared to control group in whole period of the experiment and also lowered abdominal fat percentage.
hamide nuri sadegh; ali maghsoudi; mohammad rokoei; Hadi Faraji Arogh; mehdi jahantigh
Volume 24, Issue 1 , April 2022, , Pages 13-21
Abstract
The aim of this research was to investigate the immune system responses against sheep red blood cells (SRBC) and Newcastle disease virus (NDV) in two sexes of both wild and Italian speckled quails. To compare phenotypic differences of two sexes for humoral immune responses a one-way analysis was applied, ...
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The aim of this research was to investigate the immune system responses against sheep red blood cells (SRBC) and Newcastle disease virus (NDV) in two sexes of both wild and Italian speckled quails. To compare phenotypic differences of two sexes for humoral immune responses a one-way analysis was applied, and a simple animal model using the MCMCglmm package of R software was used for genetic analysis, assuming variance components between the two sexes are different. Phenotypic comparison between males and females did not show a significant difference in any of the strains. In both strains, heritability of humoral immunity in males was higher than females. Results indicated that heritability of IgT in males (0.187), and IgY in females (0.177) were higher than other estimates in wild strain. The highest heritability was related to the NDV, which was estimated to be 0.214 and 0.268 in males and females, respectively. Therefore, genetic selection for IgN can be expected to improve the performance of the birds’ humoral immune system. Likewise, according to the higher estimates of immune responses in males, genetic selection of humoral immune responses for IgN, leads to higher genetic progression.
Hamideh Nouri Sadegh; Ali Maghsoudi; Mohammad Rokouei; Hadi Faraju-Arough; Mehdi Jahantigh
Volume 24, Issue 1 , April 2022, , Pages 13-21
Abstract
In the current research, immune system responses against sheep red blood cells (SRBC) and Newcastle disease virus (NDV) in two sexes of both wild and Italian speckled quails were investigated. To compare phenotypic differences of two sexes for humoral immune responses a one-way analysis was applied, ...
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In the current research, immune system responses against sheep red blood cells (SRBC) and Newcastle disease virus (NDV) in two sexes of both wild and Italian speckled quails were investigated. To compare phenotypic differences of two sexes for humoral immune responses a one-way analysis was applied, and a simple animal model using the MCMCglmm package of R software was used for genetic analysis, assuming variance components between the two sexes are different. Phenotypic comparison between males and females did not show a significant difference in any of the strains. In both strains, heritability of humoral immunity in males was higher than females. Results showed, in wild strain, heritability of IgT in males (0.187), and IgY in females (0.177) were higher than other estimates. The highest heritability was related to the NDV, which was estimated to be 0.214 and 0.268 in males and females, respectively. Therefore, genetic selection for IgN can be expected to improve the performance of the birds’ humoral immune system. Likewise, according to the higher estimates of immune responses in males, genetic selection of humoral immune responses for IgN, leads to higher genetic progression.
Nazar Akbarizadeh; Ali Khatibjoo; Saifali Varmaghany; Hoshang Jafari; Alinaghi Shokri
Volume 22, Issue 2 , June 2020, , Pages 289-299
Abstract
In this experiment, the effects of Hyssopus officinalis powder, Virginiamycine antibiotic and Aspirine on performance, immunity and ascites indexes of broiler chickens which subjected to cold stress were studied. In a completely randomized design, 500 male Ross-308 broiler chickens were allocated ...
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In this experiment, the effects of Hyssopus officinalis powder, Virginiamycine antibiotic and Aspirine on performance, immunity and ascites indexes of broiler chickens which subjected to cold stress were studied. In a completely randomized design, 500 male Ross-308 broiler chickens were allocated to 5 treatments with 5 replicates and 20 birds in each. The dietary treatments consisted of: 1) basal diet with no additive (control), 2 and 3) basal diet plus 300 g/tone Virginiamycine or Aspirine respectively and 4 and 5) basal diet containing 0.5 or 1 percent Hyssopus officinalis powder, respectively. As compared to control group, inclusion of 0.5 or 1 percent Hyssopus officinalis powder significantly increased feed intake, body weight gain and EPEF and improved FCR of broiler chickens. Feeding broiler chickens with diet containing Hyssopus officinalis powder or Aspirine decreased ascitic mortality, heamatocrite percentage and ascites indexe (relative weight of right ventricle to total weight of ventricles) at 42d of age. Dietary treatmens had no effect on antibody titer against New-Castle and influenza virus and relative weight of tymous, spleen and Burce of Fabrecoius of broiler chickens at 42d of age. Regards to the results of present experiment, addition of Hyssopus officinalis powder or Aspirine decreased ascytic incidence and its related mortality in broiler chickens under cold condition.
mehrdad nafisi; Mansour Rezaei; sayed abdoullah hosseini; mohamad kazemifard
Volume 21, Issue 1 , April 2019, , Pages 113-125
Abstract
In order to determine effect of various sources of manganese, zinc and copper (Sulfate, foreign and Internal organic) and requirement levels (100, 50% requirement) on performance and immune response of broilers, an expriment was conducted using 480 commercial CAB 500 hybrid broilers in a 2×3 factorial ...
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In order to determine effect of various sources of manganese, zinc and copper (Sulfate, foreign and Internal organic) and requirement levels (100, 50% requirement) on performance and immune response of broilers, an expriment was conducted using 480 commercial CAB 500 hybrid broilers in a 2×3 factorial arrangement with completely randomized design. During the experiment, live body weight (LBW), feed intake (FI) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were measured. At the end of the experiment, blood sampling was done and total antibody titer against sheep's red blood cell (SRBC), antibody titer against Newcastle Disease virus (ND) and differential count of white blood cells (WBC) were measured. The results showed that mineral sources did not affect the performance of broilers. The sources of minerals had a significant effect on livability percentage (P<0.05) and the highest livability was observed for organic (foreign and local) treatments. Usage of local organic manganese, zinc and copper caused a better response to sheep's red blood cell (SRBC) (P<0.05) relative to foreign form. Moreover, there was significant difference among the treatments in terms of weight (P<0.05), feed conversion (P<0.05) and production index (P<0.05) and treatment with 100% requirement level had maximum impact. The birds fed with 50 % requirement showed a better response to SRBC (P<0.05). According to the results of this experiment, the organic forms of the three manganese, zinc and copper produced in Iran can simultaneously, meet the needs of broilers and can be replaced with inorganic and the foreign sources. In addition, the 100 % requirement level of manganese, zinc and copper, regardless of source, is recommended to achieve the maximum growth performance and 50 % requirement level is recommended for better immune function.
Vajiheh Nikoofard; Akbar Yaghobfar; Shahab Ghazi Harsini; Ali Asghar Saki
Volume 20, Issue 3 , November 2018, , Pages 463-476
Abstract
The effect of diet with different protein quality andsupplemented with crystalline amino acids on performance, immune response, enzyme activity in the intestinal tissue and litter characteristics, using 576 Ross 308 (mixed sex) broiler chickens,in a 2 × 4 factorial experiment with two experimental ...
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The effect of diet with different protein quality andsupplemented with crystalline amino acids on performance, immune response, enzyme activity in the intestinal tissue and litter characteristics, using 576 Ross 308 (mixed sex) broiler chickens,in a 2 × 4 factorial experiment with two experimental diets (high and low protein quality) and four levels of crystalline amino acids (recommended levels, without supplemented crystalline amino acids, 10 and 15% higher than the recommended levels)in a completely randomized design with eight treatments, six replicates and 12 chicks per replicate was investigated.The results of this study showed that, adding crystalline amino acids at levels of 10 and 15% higher than the recommended level to diets containing canola meal and wheat (as low quality protein source) caused an increase in performance (P<0.0001), the number of heterophile and heterophile to lymphocyte ratio (P<0.001) and decreased the number of lymphocyte (P<0.01). The treatments with crystalline amino acids hadn’t significant effect on the enzyme activity aminopeptidase and specific activity of the enzyme in jejunum. Also, adding crystalline amino acids at levels of 10 and 15% higher than the recommended level ina low-quality diet were not significantly affected dry matter, nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen in the litter. According to these results, the use ofcrystalline amino acids higher than the recommended levels in the diets with high quality (as maize-soybean meal) has no effect on the performance of broiler chickens and is not recommended.
Rasoul Vaez Torshizi
Volume 19, Issue 2 , August 2017, , Pages 265-280
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the performance of immune system in Arian, Native, Arian × native crosses, native × Arian crosses and Ross chickens. Through artificial insemination, a total number of 298 birds produced and reared with 100 Ross strain chickens. Thereafter, 15 to 20 percent ...
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The aim of this study was to compare the performance of immune system in Arian, Native, Arian × native crosses, native × Arian crosses and Ross chickens. Through artificial insemination, a total number of 298 birds produced and reared with 100 Ross strain chickens. Thereafter, 15 to 20 percent of chickens were randomly chosen for immune system performance and some of blood parameters comparison. The studied traits were humoral, cell-mediated and innate immunity responses, plasma protein concentrations and relative weight of lymph organs. Data were analyzed using GLM procedure and means were compared using Tukey method. The highest titer of total antibody was in Arian strain and the lowest was in Ross strain. There was no significant difference between sexes and strains for cell-mediated immunity. Responses in crossbred chickens for humoral and cell-mediated immunity were not significantly different from Ross strain. No significant difference was observed for hematocrit percent between crossbred chickens and commercial strains. In crossbred chickens, the percentage of plasma albumin was significantly higher than the other strains (P<0.05). While, the lysozyme activity of crossbred chickens was significantly lower than Arian strain (p<0.05), it did not indicate any difference with Ross strain. The relative weight of all organs in crossbred chickens was lower than native and higher than commercial chickens. The results of current study indicated that the performance of immune system in crossbred chickens was favorable and in some cases better than the other strains. Therefore, it is possible to create resistance birds with suitable growth performance from crosses of native and commercial strains.
Volume 19, Issue 2 , August 2017, , Pages 427-439
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary supplemented with zinc oxide (0, 40, 80, 120 and 160 mg /kg of diet) and vitamin E (Vit E; α-tocopherol acetate; 0 and 40 IU/kg of diet) on fertility and hatchability of Japanese quails, and growth performance and immune response of ...
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This study was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary supplemented with zinc oxide (0, 40, 80, 120 and 160 mg /kg of diet) and vitamin E (Vit E; α-tocopherol acetate; 0 and 40 IU/kg of diet) on fertility and hatchability of Japanese quails, and growth performance and immune response of their progenies. A total of 960 Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) 70 d of age were housed in cages and randomly allocated to 10 treatments with 4 replicates of 24 birds in each (sixteen females and eight males). Dietary supplemented zinc and Vit E significantly increased hatchability (P≤0.05). There was a significant effect of Vit E on breeder quails fertility, while zinc supplementation was reduced embryonic mortality at the second stage (10-16 day) (P≤0.05). Supplemental zinc significantly improved feed conversion ratio of offspring in the first three weeks of age, while added Vit E improved feed conversion ratio only in the first week of offspring growth (P≤0.05). Dietary supplementation of Japanese quail’s ration with zinc and Vit E increased immune response of offspring, and enriched Zn content of tibia bone of offspring increased with zinc supplementation. In conclusion, supplementing breeder Japanese quails ration with zinc and Vit E improved hatchability and growth performance and immune response of offspring.
Zeinab Pourazadi; Heshmatollah Khosravinia; Hassan Nourozian
Volume 17, Issue 2 , October 2015, , Pages 247-256
Abstract
Effects of post-hatch fasting (PHF) and subcutaneous injection of Ca-gluconate (Ca-g) on productive performance, immune response and mortality of broiler chicks were investigated using 640 one-day-old Ross 308 chicks in a 5×2 factorial experiment with five PHF levels (zero, 12, 24, 36 and 48 h) ...
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Effects of post-hatch fasting (PHF) and subcutaneous injection of Ca-gluconate (Ca-g) on productive performance, immune response and mortality of broiler chicks were investigated using 640 one-day-old Ross 308 chicks in a 5×2 factorial experiment with five PHF levels (zero, 12, 24, 36 and 48 h) and two Ca-g injection levels (zero and 0.7 ml) in a completely randomized block design in four replicate pens of 16 birds each up to day 28 of age. The extended PFD up to 36 h significantly decreased body weight and percentage of monocytes and increased mortality of the chicks. Injection of Ca-g increased mortality of the birds by six-fold compared with the control birds (P<0.05). The Ca-g injected birds showed greater antibody titer against Newcastle virus at day 15 of age. The mortality rate of the chicks was significantly affected by PHF×Ca-g interaction and the Ca-g injected birds showed greater mortality percent during all PHF periods. It was concluded that PHF greater than 24 h has adverse effect on productive performance and mortality in broiler chicks at day 28 of age. Administration of Ca-g into the neonate fasted chicks as a source of Ca, glucose and water increased mortality but maintained the yolk immunoglobulins and improved early immune response through day 15 of age.
Hassan Safari; Ardeshir Mohit; Maziar Mohiti Asli
Volume 17, Issue 2 , October 2015, , Pages 257-267
Abstract
The effect of different levels of dried purslane powder (DPP) in broiler diets on performance, immune response and some of blood factors was studied with 160 one day old chicken Ross 308 in a completely randomized design with four treatments (diets included with levels zero (control), 2.5, 5 and 7.5 ...
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The effect of different levels of dried purslane powder (DPP) in broiler diets on performance, immune response and some of blood factors was studied with 160 one day old chicken Ross 308 in a completely randomized design with four treatments (diets included with levels zero (control), 2.5, 5 and 7.5 percent DPP), four replicates and 10 chicks in each replication. At 22-42 and 1-42 days different level of DPP resulted in a significant increase in the daily body weight gain and daily feed intake. Birds that were fed with five and 7.5 percent of DPP have a better feed conversion ratio compare with the control group (P<0.05). The minimum content of blood cholesterol and triglyceride was observed in birds that were fed with five and 7.5 percent DDP, respectively. DPP did not affect cellular immune response to PHA-P and antibody response to Newcastle vaccine. The total anti-SRBC titer, IgG and IgM in birds were fed with diet containing five percent DDP was significantly higher than compare with the control group on day 35 (P<0.05). The results of this experiment show that adding five percent DPP in broiler diet led to improve performance and also reduced in cholesterol and triglyceride content and improve the humoral immune.