Mansoor Agharkakoli; zahra taraz; Shahriar Maghsoudlou; farid moslemipur
Volume 23, Issue 1 , March 2021, , Pages 121-129
Abstract
The effects of chicory root powder on performance, digestibility, immune system and carcass characteristics of broilers were investigated using 360 pieces of Ross 308 strain day-old broiler chicks (male and female), in a completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 5 replicates and in a growth ...
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The effects of chicory root powder on performance, digestibility, immune system and carcass characteristics of broilers were investigated using 360 pieces of Ross 308 strain day-old broiler chicks (male and female), in a completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 5 replicates and in a growth period of 1-42 days of age. The experimental treatments were consisted of a basal diet and diets containing the levels of 0.25, 0.50, and 0.75 percentages ofchicory root powder. Feed intake and weight of birds were measured periodically and body weight gain and feed conversion ratio were calculated. Nutrient digestibilities were measured at 33-36 days of age. The use of chicory root powder in the feed of broilers caused an improvement in feed conversion ratio at 1-14 and 28-42 days of age (P<0.05), but had no significant effect on perfomance traits in the whole of experimental period. The digestibility of protein and fat in broilers fed with 0.75% chicory root powder were higher than the other diets (P<0.05). The relative weight of liver decreased in broilers fed with chicory root powder (P<0.05). Feeding of broiler chickens with 0.25 percent dietary chicory root powder increased the number of lymphocytes and decreased the number of heterophils (P<0.05). According to the results of this experiment, the use of 0.25, 0.50 and 0.75% chicory root powder in broiler ration does not have significant effect on production performance of broiler chickens but improves the immune system activity of broilers.
ehsan shahrami; mohammad jabbari rad; seyed abdollah hosseini; mehdi eftekhari
Volume 22, Issue 4 , December 2020, , Pages 609-618
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different levels of dill powder on growth performance, hormonal immune system and cecal microbial population of broiler chickens using 420 mail broiler Ross 308 strain in a completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 6 replicates. The ...
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This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different levels of dill powder on growth performance, hormonal immune system and cecal microbial population of broiler chickens using 420 mail broiler Ross 308 strain in a completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 6 replicates. The treatments were including control diet, diets containing 0.2, 0.5 and 1 percent dill powder and a diet that contained 200 mg/kg flavomycin antibiotic. Body weight gain and feed conversion ratio were higher in chickens fed with flavomycin and dill powder at the levels of 0.5 and 1% in diet (P<0.05). Abdominal fat was lower in birds received 1% dill powder than those administrated by antibiotic and control group (P<0.05). The Escherichia coli and lactobacilli count in birds fed dill powder containing diets were lower and higher than birds fed control and antibiotic containing diets, respectively (P<0.05). Second antibody titer against SRBC was higher in birds fed by 1% dill powder in diet compared to birds fed the control diet (P<0.05). In challenge with NDV and influenza viruses, birds fed dill powder had higher antibody titer compared to those fed control and antibiotic containing diet (P<0.05). According to results of the present experiment, using 0.5 or 1% dill powder in diet improves performance, immune responses and intestinal microbial environment of broiler chickens and can be used as a good replacement for antibiotic growth promoters.
amir karamzadeh-dehaghani; Armin towhidi; mahdi Zhandi; Naheed Mojgani
Volume 22, Issue 4 , December 2020, , Pages 659-688
Abstract
To investigate the effect of oral administration of prepared specific egg yolk antibody (IgY) against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K99 on growth performance, health, the prevalence of diarrhea of neonatal calves, an experiment was conducted using 60 newborn calves in a completely randomized design ...
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To investigate the effect of oral administration of prepared specific egg yolk antibody (IgY) against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K99 on growth performance, health, the prevalence of diarrhea of neonatal calves, an experiment was conducted using 60 newborn calves in a completely randomized design with two treatments. Calves were kept individually. Calves in the control group received only milk or colostrum for 30 days and calves in the treatment group received milk or colostrum with IgY against inactivated K99. During the experiment, health parameters and the prevalence of diarrhea were recorded daily, and growth performance was evaluated weekly. The results showed that average daily gain, starter dry matter intake and feed and milk efficiency were higher in the IgY group than the control group (P<0.05). The general health score in the IgY group was higher than control group and fecal and ear scores in this group were significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05). The count of fecal coliforms in the IgY group was decreased by approximately one log compared to the control group (P<0.05). The results of the present study showed that oral administration of IgY against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K99 has beneficial effects on health and average daily gain of suckling Holstein calves and It can be a good way to replace antibiotics.
Vahab Azimzadeh; Mehdi Dehghan banadaky; armin tohidi; ali assadi-alamouti
Volume 22, Issue 1 , March 2020, , Pages 47-54
Abstract
Effect of different processing methods of corn grain were investigated in 36 Holstein suckling female calves (body weight = 38.2 ± 1.20 kg) on performance and blood and ruminal parameters. Treatments were whole corn, ground corn, cracked corn and steam-flaked corn. Starter diets were ...
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Effect of different processing methods of corn grain were investigated in 36 Holstein suckling female calves (body weight = 38.2 ± 1.20 kg) on performance and blood and ruminal parameters. Treatments were whole corn, ground corn, cracked corn and steam-flaked corn. Starter diets were mixed five percent of the chopped wheat straw and offered to calves from day 4. Milk was fed in a gradual step-up step-down method to all calves. Calves weaned at 71 days and total intake of starter and body weight of calves were measured until 84 days. Starter intake and ADG were significantly higher for cracked corn and steam-flaked corn than for ground corn and whole corn treatments in pre- and post-weaning and overall period (P≤0.01). At weaning and day 84, the average body weight of calves fed cracked corn and steam-flaked corn were significantly higher than those fed whole corn and ground corn treatments (P≤0.01). Treatments also affected serum protein of calves (P<0.05). According results of this study, feeding calves with cracked corn or steam-flaked corn increased feed intake and improved ADG and body weight through pre- and post-weaning periods.
adel mohammadi; shokoufe ghazanfari; seyed davood sharifi
Volume 22, Issue 1 , March 2020, , Pages 67-78
Abstract
The effects of different sources of selenium supplementation and rosemary essential oil on growth performance, microflora population and intestinal morphology in broiler chicken with using of 480 male broiler chicks in a factorial arrangement (2x5) with 10 treatments and 4 replicates were investigated. ...
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The effects of different sources of selenium supplementation and rosemary essential oil on growth performance, microflora population and intestinal morphology in broiler chicken with using of 480 male broiler chicks in a factorial arrangement (2x5) with 10 treatments and 4 replicates were investigated. Two experimental factors consisted of different sources of selenium (level of 0.3 mg/kg of diet from selenomethionine, nanoselenomethionine, selenitsodium, nano selenium bonza and without selenium) and rosemary essential oil (0 and 300 mg/kg of diet). Results showed that broilers received diet of without Se and rosemary essential oil had lower weight gain and feed intake.Broilers received diet of nano selenium bonza with rosemary essential oil had lower feed conversion ratio as compared to the other broilers (P<0.05). Broilers fed on diets of nanoselenomethionine with rosemary essential oil and nano selenium bonza with rosemary essential oil were increased villus height in jejunum (P<0.05). The crypt depth of intestinal in birds which received nanoselenium was more than the birds that consumed other sources of selenium in the diet (P<0.05). Crypt diameter nano selenium bonza with rosemary essential oil treatment was higher as compared to other treatments (P<0.01). Selenomethionine and nanoselenomethionine alone and in combination with rosemary essential oil treatments had high lactobacillus population and lactobacillus population to total microbial population ratio of ileum as compared to without Se and rosemary essential oil treatment (P<0.05). Based on the results, inclusion nanoselenium (0.3 mg/kg) supplement with rosemary essential oil (300 mg/kg) into the diet of broiler chicken can improve performance, gut morphology and microflora.
Seyed Abdoullah Hosseini; Amir Hossein Alizadeh-Ghamsari; Houshang Lotfollahian; Majid Tavakkoli; Hoda Javaheri Barfourooshi
Volume 22, Issue 1 , March 2020, , Pages 93-103
Abstract
In order to evaluate the effect of different levels of corn gluten feed on performance, immune responses, intestinal morphology and some blood serum biochemical parameters of broiler chickens, an experiment was conducted using 500 male Ross 308 broiler chickens in a completely randomized design ...
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In order to evaluate the effect of different levels of corn gluten feed on performance, immune responses, intestinal morphology and some blood serum biochemical parameters of broiler chickens, an experiment was conducted using 500 male Ross 308 broiler chickens in a completely randomized design with four treatments, five replicates and 25 birds per replication. The experimental treatments included levels of zero (control), 2.5, 5 and 7.5 percent corn gluten feed in the diet which fed to broilers from 15 to 42 days of age. The results showed that dietary inclusion of corn gluten feed up to 7.5 percent had no significant effect on average weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratiocompared to control treatment. Also, jejunal morphological indices and blood biochemical parameters including triglyceride, cholesterol, albumin, phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase concentrations, livability, European broiler index and feed cost per kg of weight gain were not affected by dietary treatments. Antibody titer in response to sheep red blood cell (SRBC) injection was higher in treatment containing 2.5 percent corn gluten feed comparing to other treatments (P<0.05). Based on the obtained results, corn gluten feed can be included in grower and finisher diets of broilers (15 to 42 days of age) up to level of 7.5 percent without any adverse effect on performance.
Mohammad Reza Rezvani; Razieh Iranparast
Volume 22, Issue 1 , March 2020, , Pages 129-142
Abstract
The aim of this research was to study the effect of adding enzyme preparations and ration formulation on performance, nutrient digestibility and intestinal microflora of broilers. Two hundred and fifty six day-old male and female broiler chicks of Ross 308 strain were used in a 2×2×2 ...
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The aim of this research was to study the effect of adding enzyme preparations and ration formulation on performance, nutrient digestibility and intestinal microflora of broilers. Two hundred and fifty six day-old male and female broiler chicks of Ross 308 strain were used in a 2×2×2 factorial experiment consisting of two methods of diet formulation (total and digestible amino acid), two levels of Natuzyme Plus (0 and 0.035%) and two levels of Multi-behzyme (0 and 0.02%) as additives. The factors were arranged as a completely randomized design with eight treatments and four replications. Diet formulation based on total amino acids improved the average daily gain (ADG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) during the grower and finisher and total periods, but decreased daily feed intake during the finisher and total periods (P ≤ 0.05). It also increased dry matter digestibility, dressing percentage and intestinal length, but it decreased fat digestibility (P ≤ 0.05). Natuzyme Plus increased dry matter, crude protein and fat digestibility and decreased the number of E .coli in the cecum. (P ≤ 0.05). Multibehzyme improved ADG during the grower period, FCR during the finisher period and total period and it increased dry matter, crude protein and crude fat digestibility (P ≤ 0.05). It was concluded that Multi- behzyme could be replaced with Natuzyme Plus, and its inclusion in the diets formulated by digestible amino acid and low protein content can improve the negative outcome of low level protein diets.
Ashraf Mortezayi; Morteza Mamouei; Naeem Erfani Majd; Mohammad Reza Ghorbani
Volume 22, Issue 1 , March 2020, , Pages 143-151
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of using hydroalcoholic sage extract after experimental copper poisoning on performance and blood metabolites of Japanese quail, in a completely randomized design with 320 one-day old Japanese quails in 4 treatments with4 replicates and ...
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This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of using hydroalcoholic sage extract after experimental copper poisoning on performance and blood metabolites of Japanese quail, in a completely randomized design with 320 one-day old Japanese quails in 4 treatments with4 replicates and 20 birds per each replicate. Experimental treatments were: 1) control (basal diet), 2) basal diet + 750 mg/kg copper sulfate, 3) basal diet + 10 g/kg sage extract and 4) basal diet with 750 mg/kg copper sulfate and 10 g/kg of sage extract. The feed intake (FI), body weight gain (BWG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were measured weekly and calculated for starter, grower and whole periods. The results of this experiment showed that in starter period, FI was highest in control group compared to other treatments (P <0.05). In the starter and total periods, the average BWG of birds that received diet contained copper was significantly lower than birds in control and the birds that received diets supplemented with sage extract (P <0.05). In the starter period, the FCR was improved when diets supplemented with sage extract in comparison with the birds that received copper (P <0.05). Higher levels of blood glucose and triglyceride and lower levels of HDL and LDL were observed in birds receiving copper in their diet (P <0.05). The results of this experiment showed that supplementation Japanese quail’s diet with sage extract can improve BWG and FCR in starter period, and it may alleviate harmful effect of copper poisoning.
Mahsa Rasa Ezadi; Mohamad Salarmoini; Mohsen Afsharmanesh; Hadi Tavakoli; Mohammad khajeh Bami
Volume 21, Issue 4 , January 2020, , Pages 511-519
Abstract
Effect of different levels of hydroalcoholic extract of Allium hirtifolium and flavophospholipol antibiotic on growth performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality, and immune responses was studied using 200 day-old chickens, Ross 308 broilers with five treatments, four replicates and ...
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Effect of different levels of hydroalcoholic extract of Allium hirtifolium and flavophospholipol antibiotic on growth performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality, and immune responses was studied using 200 day-old chickens, Ross 308 broilers with five treatments, four replicates and 10 chickens per each replicate with completely randomized design. The experimental treatments were included basal diet withno additives (control group), and the basal diet containing hydroalcoholic extract of Allium hirtifolium (150, 300, 450 ml/kg diet) and flavophospholipol antibiotic (500 mg/kg diet). During the experimental period, birds fed with diet containing 450 ml/kg Allium hirtifolium extract had a higher weight gain than control birds (P<0.05). The effect of treatments on carcass characteristics was not significant. Themalondialdehyde value of legs muscles in birds fed with different levels of Allium hirtifolium extract was lower than the control group (p<0.05). The meat water holding capacity and drip loss in chickens fed with diet containing 450 ml per kg of Allium hirtifolium extract were higher and lower than birds receiving antibiotic respectively (p<0.05). The antibody titer against sheep red blood cells in chickens fed withdiet containing 450 ml per kg diet of Allium hirtifolium extract was higher than control birds or birds receiving antibiotic (p<0.05). According to the results of the present experiment, using 450 ml/kg diet of Allium hirtifolium extract could improve performance, meat quality and immune responses of broiler chickens, and can be used as a good replacement for antibiotic growth promoters.
Tahereh Mersadi-Sabet-Kordmahale; Maziar Mohiti-Asli; Hassan Darmani-Kuhi
Volume 21, Issue 4 , January 2020, , Pages 521-531
Abstract
This experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of different inclusion levels of free and microencapsulated essential oil of Ajowan (EOA) herb in broilers diet on growth performance and some ileal bacteria population. A total of 320 one-day-old chicks were distributed in a completely ...
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This experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of different inclusion levels of free and microencapsulated essential oil of Ajowan (EOA) herb in broilers diet on growth performance and some ileal bacteria population. A total of 320 one-day-old chicks were distributed in a completely randomized design with 2×4 factorial arrangement. The dietary factors were 2 different forms of EOA (free and encapsulated) and 4 dietary inclusion levels of EOA (0, 50, 100 and 150 mg/kg). Growth performance parameters were recorded throughout the experiment, and intestinal organs weight and ileal microbial population were measured on 42 day of age. Broilers fed encapsulated EOA in diet had higher body weight gain and lower feed conversion ratio during 1 to 21 day of age than those fed free EOA (P<0.05). Higher relative weight of liver (% of live weight) was achieved in broilers fed diets supplemented with encapsulated EOA (P<0.05). There was a significant interaction between the form and dietary levels of EOA on E. coli count (P<0.05). As a general conclusion, use of encapsulated EOA led to an improvement in body weight gain, FCR, and European Production Index, in the first three weeks of growth and in the whole period of growth phase, respectively.
Kobra Sookhtehzari; Ali Khatibjoo; Hoshang Jafari; Mohammad Akbari-Gharaei; Kamran Taherpour
Volume 21, Issue 4 , January 2020, , Pages 533-543
Abstract
The effects of high stocking density and threonine (Thr) supplementation on performance and immunity in broiler chickens was evaluated. In this experiment 495 male Ross-308 broiler chickens were allocated to 4 treatments with 5 replicates in a completely randomized design. The dietary treatment ...
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The effects of high stocking density and threonine (Thr) supplementation on performance and immunity in broiler chickens was evaluated. In this experiment 495 male Ross-308 broiler chickens were allocated to 4 treatments with 5 replicates in a completely randomized design. The dietary treatment consisted of: 1) basal diet as control with low density (10 birds/m2), 2) high density group (15 birds/m2 which fed basal diet) and 3 and 4) high density group which fed diet containing 10 and 20 percent Thr higher than requirment, respectively. The results showed that high stocking density decreased feed intake, body weight and feed conversion ratio at different period of production and increased European production efficiency factor (EPEF). Thr supplementation also reduced growth performance parameters (P < 0.05).Dietary treatments deseased antibody titer against NewCastle, but avian influenza virus, cell mediated immunity against phytoheamaglutinin, blood metabolites, blood cell count, and serum spartat aminotransferase and malondialdehyde concentration did noy change significantly. Serum alanine aminotransferase concentration in broiler chickens fed diet containing 20 percent Thr higher than requirment was higher than the others (P < 0.05). In conclusion, under the condition of this study (15 birds/m2), Thr supplementation (both of the levels) did not improved broiler chickens performance and immunity and more research is needed in this subject.
Bashir Ghasempour; Abolghasem Golian; Ahmad hassanabadi
Volume 19, Issue 3 , November 2017, , Pages 711-726
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of varying levels of digestible protein (DP) and dietary electrolyte balances (DEB) during the finisher period on performance, blood parameters and small intestine histology of broiler chickens exposed to heat stress. A total of 500 mixed sex chickens ...
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This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of varying levels of digestible protein (DP) and dietary electrolyte balances (DEB) during the finisher period on performance, blood parameters and small intestine histology of broiler chickens exposed to heat stress. A total of 500 mixed sex chickens (Ross 308) were used in a completely randomized design as a 2×5 factorial arrangement with two levels of DP (%16.5 and %19) and five levels of DEB (150, 200, 250, 300 and 350 meq/kg of diet)with five replicates of 10 birds each during the finisher period. The chicks were exposed to heat stress of 32±2 °C for eight hours/day during 28-42 days of age. Increasing DP levels did not have a significant effect on weight gain under heat stress during the finisher period. Feed intake and feed conversion ratio (FCR) of chickens fed 16.5% DP diet was significantly more than 19% DP fed birds (P<0.05). The highest weight gain and lowest FCR were observed in chickens fed 200 mEq/kg of diet EBD which were significantly different only with 300 and 150 mEq/kg EBD treatments. The highest weight gain was observed in broilers fed diet containing 16.5% DP and 200 mEq EBD. Broilers fed diet containing 19% DP in compare to those fed 16.5% DP had lower plasma triglycerides and higher total protein, creatinine, and uric acid contents. Increasing digestible protein from 16.5% to 19% had no significant effect (P>0.05) on small intestine morphology. Diet containing 250 mEq/kg of diet EBD significantly (P<0.05) increased villi surface of small intestine in chickens suffering heat stress. It is concluded that, feeding of broiler chickens exposed to heat stress during the finishing period with diet containing 16.5% digestible protein and 200 mEq/kg dietary electrolyte balances is recommendable.
Seyyed Saeid Mousavi; Hamid Amanlou; Ali Nikkhah; Hamid Reza Mirzaei Alamouti; Ali Moustafa Tehrani
Volume 18, Issue 3 , October 2016, , Pages 413-430
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different metabolizable protein levels in diet during the peri parturition on performance and blood parameters of Afshari ewes and lambs. Thirty two once lambing ewes in the last six weeks of pregnancy and the first six weeks of lactation with diets ...
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The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different metabolizable protein levels in diet during the peri parturition on performance and blood parameters of Afshari ewes and lambs. Thirty two once lambing ewes in the last six weeks of pregnancy and the first six weeks of lactation with diets before and after parturition containing rates of NRC recommended and 20% higher one as low and high amount of metabolizable protein respectively requirements of ewe with two lambs as Factorial experiment in a completely randomized design were fed. Dry matter intake, body weight, body condition score ewes and their changes, weight lamb in the first and third weeks, and daily weight gain of lambs were not affected by treatments. Amount and composition of the colostrum were not affected by the treatments, but milk yield increasing was observed at low metabolizable protein before and after lambing treatment(p=0.007) as compared to other treatments. Urea (P = 0.0001) and cholesterol (P = 0.02) of plasma were significantly higher in high metabolizable protein than the low metabolizable protein in late gestation. Reducing insulin resistance (P = 0.03) and increasing insulin sensitivity (P = 0. 01) were observed in the treatment low metabolizable protein before and after lambing. No significant difference was observed on the numbers of white blood cells, red blood cells and other blood cells between the treatments. The results of this study, the percentage of metabolizable protein by the NRC for Afshari ewes during late gestation and early lactation is advisable.
Asghar Sedaghat; Mohammad Amir Karimi Torshizi; Shaban Rahimi
Volume 18, Issue 2 , June 2016, , Pages 273-286
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of camphor levels on performance, organ weight, testosterone and thyroid hormones, intestinal selective bacteria, and meat peroxidation of Japanese quail. Two-hundred 1-d chicks were allocated in 20 cages with five treatments and four replicates (10 chicks ...
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This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of camphor levels on performance, organ weight, testosterone and thyroid hormones, intestinal selective bacteria, and meat peroxidation of Japanese quail. Two-hundred 1-d chicks were allocated in 20 cages with five treatments and four replicates (10 chicks per each cage) using complete randomized block design. Treatments were including: 0, 62.5, 125, 250, and 500 ppm camphor which dissolved in soybean oil. Blood sample was taken then quails were slaughtered at 42-d of age. Results revealed camphor unaffected the carcass and organs weight. Also feed conversion ratio, feed intake, live body weight, and thyroid hormones unaffected by using camphor supplementation in the diet. Results showed that camphor could enhance libido by increasing the production and secretion of testosterone (P< 0.05). Dietary camphor had a significant effect on the intestinal microbial population, so that could reduce the aerobic bacteria and coliforms, whereas increased the lactic acid bacteria and spore former bacteria (P< 0.05). Meat malondialdehyde level has been also changed significantly in both sexes by camphor dietary supplementation, which increased by using 62.5, 125, and 250 ppm camphor (P< 0.05). According to the current results, using camphor is recommendable for successfully reproduction in male birds.
vahid Jazi; Fathollah Boldaji; Behrouz Dastar; Seyed Reza Hashemi; Amin Ashayerizadeh
Volume 18, Issue 2 , June 2016, , Pages 311-321
Abstract
The effect of feeding fermented cottonseed meal on performance, carcass characteristics and blood serum lipid profile was studied in a completely randomized design with five treatments, five replicates and 12 birds per replication using 300 male Ross 308 broiler chicks. Raw cottonseed meal was fermented ...
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The effect of feeding fermented cottonseed meal on performance, carcass characteristics and blood serum lipid profile was studied in a completely randomized design with five treatments, five replicates and 12 birds per replication using 300 male Ross 308 broiler chicks. Raw cottonseed meal was fermented with a liquid mixed culture containing Bacillus subtilis, Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus oryzae with a ratio of 1:1.2. After seven days of fermentation, free gossypol was reduced from 584.33 to 68 mg/kg. The experimental treatments included replacing 0, 10, and 20 percent of the raw or fermented cottonseed meal by the soybean meal in the diet. The use of fermented cottonseed meal in the diet improved weight gain and feed conversion ratio of broilers compared to the raw cottonseed meal (P<0.05). At 21 and 42 d, weight gain and feed conversion ratio of the birds fed diets containing 10 and 20 percent of fermented cottonseed meal did not have a significant difference with the birds fed by the control diet. Abdominal fat was lower in birds fed diets containing fermented cottonseed meal compared with the others (P<0.05). Serum concentrations of cholesterol and triglyceride were significantly lower for the birds fed by diets containing fermented cottonseed meal, compared with the other groups (P<0.05). Based on the results, the use of fermented cottonseed meal improves the performance and health of broiler chickens compared to the raw cottonseed meal.
Mohammad Reza Rezvani; Shahram Rahimi; Mohammad Dadpasand
Volume 18, Issue 2 , June 2016, , Pages 335-346
Abstract
In order to investigate antioxidant and antimicrobial effects of pomegranate peel powder (PPP), this research was conducted as completely randomized design arranged in a 2 × 2 factorial experiment using pomegranate peel powder (0 and 2 percent) and soybean oil (SO, zero and six percent in growing ...
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In order to investigate antioxidant and antimicrobial effects of pomegranate peel powder (PPP), this research was conducted as completely randomized design arranged in a 2 × 2 factorial experiment using pomegranate peel powder (0 and 2 percent) and soybean oil (SO, zero and six percent in growing period; zero and eight percent in finishing period). One hundred and sixty 11-day-old Ross 308 broiler chickens assigned to four treatments of four replicate each. The results showed that PPP improved the antibody titer in 39-day broilers, increased fat digestibility, improved lactobacillus and decreased E coli micro flora in ileum and cecum significantly (P ≤ 0.05). The SO decreased DM digestibility and lactobacillus micro flora and E coli in ileum and cecum (P ≤ 0.05). As a conclusion adding PPP to the fat containing diets in comparison to control diets; without PPE and SO, improved antibody titer, beneficial gastric micro flora in ileum and cecum and had not any deleterious effect on overall broiler performance.
Mohammad Reza Rezvani; Karim Hoshyar
Volume 18, Issue 2 , June 2016, , Pages 347-357
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the processing methods of sorghum grain and diet formulation on performance and nutrients digestibility in broilers. Three hundred and twenty chicks at eight day of age were allotted into eight groups of four replicate with ten chicks per replicate. This research ...
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The aim of this study was to investigate the processing methods of sorghum grain and diet formulation on performance and nutrients digestibility in broilers. Three hundred and twenty chicks at eight day of age were allotted into eight groups of four replicate with ten chicks per replicate. This research was conducted as completely randomized design arranged in a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial experiment using formulation method (total vs. digestible amino acids), Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP, 0 vs. 1%) and acid treatment (0 vs. 2%, acetic and propionic acid, 60:40 mixture). Main effects of addition of PVP and acid treatment of sorghum and formulation based on digestible amino acids significantly improved feed conversion ratio and average daily gain during the finishing period (22 to 42 d.) and the overall feeding periods (8 to 42 d.; P≤0.05). Also, acid treatment of sorghum and formulation based on digestible amino acid significantly improved nutrients digestibility during the finishing period (22 to 42 d.) and the overall feeding periods (8 to 42 d.) (P≤0.05). Addition of PVP or acid treatment resulted in a decrease in the weight of pancreas (P≤0.05). The interaction effect of PVP, acid and method of diet formulation was not significant on any performance parameters. The data showed that diet formulation based on digestible amino acid can be more advisable in comparison to sorghum grain processing methods. It can be because of no need for additional processing costs and having the same performance results.