Mahnaz Salehi; Ali Maghsoudi
Volume 20, Issue 1 , May 2018, , Pages 121-130
Abstract
This research was conducted in Animal Science Research Institute of Iran for determination of the effects of tanning method of ostrich skin on chemical characteristics of the leather. A total number of 12 pieces of ostrich hide prepared and each 4 skin pieces assigned to each of chrome, vegetable and ...
Read More
This research was conducted in Animal Science Research Institute of Iran for determination of the effects of tanning method of ostrich skin on chemical characteristics of the leather. A total number of 12 pieces of ostrich hide prepared and each 4 skin pieces assigned to each of chrome, vegetable and alum tanning methods. Chemical characteristics of the leathers included fat content, water-soluble matter, water-soluble organic matter, sulphated water-insoluble ash, minerals, nitrogen, protein and pH were determined. Amount of fat in vegetable leathers was higher than chrome and alum leathers but water-soluble material, water-soluble organic material and sulphated water-insoluble ash in alum and vegetable leathers were same and higher than chrome leathers. In addition, higher amounts of nitrogen, protein and pH measured in chrome, alum and vegetable leathers, respectively. Six and four percent increase of fat and decrease in nitrogen, protein and pH in vegetable leathers is considerable compared with alum and chrome leathers. Significant positive correlation among fat with water soluble material, sulphated water-insoluble ash and negative correlation with nitrogen and protein in different leathers were achieved. There was higher correlation between mineral of the leather with all of the chemical characters other than pH. Due to some different chemical characters of the leather for vegetable tanning method practical evaluations are imperative using effective material and optimization of the method. Moreover, in spite of probable risks for the environment and tanning workers, the chrome method is the most appropriate method of ostrich skin tanning yet.
Razieh Badiefar; Farid Shariatmadari
Volume 18, Issue 4 , December 2016, , Pages 789-799
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of whole barley with GalyZym poly enzymesupplementation on performance and nutrient digestibility in laying hens. In this study 105 laying hens (w-36) at the age of 40 to 52 weeks were distributed randomly in 5 treatments, with 7 replication, and ...
Read More
The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of whole barley with GalyZym poly enzymesupplementation on performance and nutrient digestibility in laying hens. In this study 105 laying hens (w-36) at the age of 40 to 52 weeks were distributed randomly in 5 treatments, with 7 replication, and 3 birds in each. The experimental treatments included control diet, diets containing barley seed without enzyme, diets containing barley and Galyzym enzyme supplementation,diet containing chopped oatmeal without enzyme, diet containing chopped oatmeal and Galyzym enzyme supplementation. Effects of treatments on production and egg weight was not significant, But laying hens that fed a diet containing barley seeds (with or without enzyme supplementation), had more daily feed intake compared to the control birds (P<0.05). Effects of treatments on egg quality characteristics were not significant. Addition of Galyzym enzyme to the diets containing barley had no effect on apparent metabolizable energy of the diet, dry matter and Organic matter digestibility as well. When enzyme was added to the diets containing oatmeal,an increase of protein digestibility were observed.According toresults of this study, 50 percent of corn in corn and soybean meal based diets on can be replaced with barley grain supplemented with enzyme, without decreasing the performances and digestibility of the nutrients.
Behrouz Dastar; mohsen rajabzadeh nesvan; Mahmoud Shams Shargh; Mokhtar Mohajer
Volume 18, Issue 3 , October 2016, , Pages 553-562
Abstract
The effect of feeding different protein profiles on growth performance, carcass components and nitrogen content of litter in Cobb 500 broiler strain was evaluated using 800 chicks in a completely randomized design with four treatments, five replicates groups of 40 birds per each treatment. The treatments ...
Read More
The effect of feeding different protein profiles on growth performance, carcass components and nitrogen content of litter in Cobb 500 broiler strain was evaluated using 800 chicks in a completely randomized design with four treatments, five replicates groups of 40 birds per each treatment. The treatments were consisted of four protein feeding profiles (based on Cobb strain nutrition guide, recommendation by NRC, 90% protein recommended by NRC and phase feeding). The effect of different treatments on body weight gain, feed intake, energy consumption, protein efficiency ratio and carcass components were not significant. The birds were fed based on Cobb strain guide had a better feed conversion ratio (P< 0.05). Energy efficiency ratio in broilers fed base on protein profile of Cobb strain guide was higher than other treatments (P< 0.05). The amount of litter nitrogen in broilers fed with base on Cobb strain guide, 90% protein recommended by NRC and phase feeding were lower than those fed base on protein profile of NRC recommendation (P< 0.05). Based on the results of this experiment, the use of protein profile base on Cobb strain is more suitable for feeding Cobb broiler chickens than other profiles.
Mohammad Yazarloo; Seyed Davood Sharifi; Farid Shariatmadari; Abdolreza Salehi
Volume 15, Issue 1 , July 2014, , Pages 1-10
Abstract
In order to determine the optimal levels of energy and protein in grower diet of Japanese quail, 360 dayold Japanese quails were used in a 3×3 factorial arrangement of dietary treatments that comprised threelevels of metabolisable energy (2750, 2850, and 2950 Kcal/kg) and three levels of crude ...
Read More
In order to determine the optimal levels of energy and protein in grower diet of Japanese quail, 360 dayold Japanese quails were used in a 3×3 factorial arrangement of dietary treatments that comprised threelevels of metabolisable energy (2750, 2850, and 2950 Kcal/kg) and three levels of crude protein (24, 26and 28 percent) with four replicates per treatment in a completely randomized design. Feed intake andbody weight were measured weekly and feed conversion ratio was calculated. At 35 d of age, four birds(from both sexes) from each replicate were randomly selected and killed following blood sampling toevaluate carcass traits. The blood samples were assayed for the sera concentrations of growth hormone.Results indicated that birds fed on diets containing 2850 kcal/kg metabolisable energy and 26 percentprotein had higher daily weight gain and better feed conversion ratio and carcass yield (P<0.05). The seraconcentration of growth hormone was higher in birds fed on diet containing 2750 kcal/kg metabolisableenergy (P<0.05). This study indicated that Japanese quails can grow faster and more efficiently on dietcontaining 2850 kcal/kg metabolisable energy and 26 percent protein. Therefore, the diet containing 2850kcal/kg metabolisable energy and 26 percent protein could be recommended as dietary metabolisableenergy and protein requirements for growing Japanese quails.