Abstract
The present experiment conducted to investigate the effect of processing broiler litter with different levels of tannin extracted from pomegranate peel on in vitro rumen digestion and fermentation, rumen fungi and bacteria growth using completely randomized design in Ramin Agriculture and Natural Resources ...
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The present experiment conducted to investigate the effect of processing broiler litter with different levels of tannin extracted from pomegranate peel on in vitro rumen digestion and fermentation, rumen fungi and bacteria growth using completely randomized design in Ramin Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan. Dietary treatments were adding pomegranate peel extract to broiler litter at levels 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 percent of dietary dry matter (DM). The gas and potential of gas production were constant with increasing level of pomegranate peel extract up to 20 and 15 percent, respectively. Rate of gas production was similar between treatments, except for diets containing 20 and 35 percent of pomegranate peel extract which decreased significantly (P<0.05). Increasing the level of pomegranate peel extract decreased rumen ammonia nitrogen concentration, but increased partitioning factor, microbial protein production and efficiency of microbial protein compared to control diet (P<0.05). Highest and lowest two-step crude protein digestibility was observed in diets containing 15 and 35 percentage pomegranate peel extract, respectively (P<0.05). After three days incubation of diets in specific rumen bacteria medium with increasing level of pomegranate peel extract, DM digestibility and ammonia nitrogen concentration decreased (P<0.05). Dry matter digestibility in all of investigated times were constant by incubation of treatments containing pomegranate peel extract in specific rumen fungi medium. According to the results, processing of broiler litter with pomegranate peel extract up to 25 percent of dry matter has potential to improve nitrogen metabolism in ruminants without any negative effects on nutrients digestibility.
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the effect of glycogenic and/or lipogenic diets fed in Baluchi ewes treated with an estrus synchronization method to reduce delivery distance and improving reproductive parameters. Ninety heads of Baluchi ewes selected and randomly placed into three parallel groups. ...
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The aim of this study was to compare the effect of glycogenic and/or lipogenic diets fed in Baluchi ewes treated with an estrus synchronization method to reduce delivery distance and improving reproductive parameters. Ninety heads of Baluchi ewes selected and randomly placed into three parallel groups. Each ewe of group was fed in with three different diets based on the fat and starch sources. In order to do the estrus synchronization, all ewes were put CIDR in 30 day of the trial. After 14 days, they were removed, then four hundred IU eCG hormone were injected. As soon as estrus signals was observed, ewes were inseminated. Ultrasonography was done to observe the number of dominant follicle, CL and pregnancy diagnosis. After parturition, reproductive parameters like lambing and twining rate were analyzed. The most of examined ewes showed clearly estrus signals. The consequence of ovary sonography did not indicate significant effect in average of dominant follicles numbers among the experimental diets. The number of dominant follicles was increased significantly from time of estrus to artificial insemination. Ovulation, pregnancy and twining rate were considerably (P< 0.05) higher in glycogenic and glycogenic+lipogenic rations compared with lipogenic ration. Generally, the feeding of starch source alone and or along with low proportion of fat sources might improve the effect of estrus synchronization on reproductive performance of Baluchi ewes.