Document Type : Research Paper

Author

University of Tabriz

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of different level of garlic powder on the performance, egg quality traits and blood parameters in commercial laying hens. A total of one hundred and twenty eight 58-wk-old Lohmann lite (LSL) hens were allotted into 4 dietary treatment groups replicated 4 times with 8 hens per replicate in a completely randomized design. Experimental diets included of control diet (no supplemented garlic powder) and 3 levels of garlic powder, (1, 2 and 3% of diet). Laying performance traits and egg quality parameters were recorded by replicate at 61 and 63 wk-old. Blood and egg yolk parameters were measured at the end of the trial. Results indicated that egg production percent, egg mass, feed intakeand feed conversion rate were not affected by experimental treatments. However, egg weight was increased by 3% garlic powder compared with the control diet (P<0.05). Haugh unit of eggs increased by 4.25 units, at 3% garlic powder over the control diet (P<0.05). Garlic powder supplementation of laying hen diets at 3% level lead to decreases in serum and egg yolk cholesterol (P<0.05). Blood parameters including high density lipoproteins, triglycerideand liver aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase were not affected by treatments. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of garlic powder improved egg weight and albumen quality of eggs and has also lowering effect on cholesterol content of egg yolk.

Keywords

1.     رحیمی ش، رفیعی آ، لطف الهیان ه و افشار نادری ا(1387)تاثیرمصرف توام پودر سیر و مس در کاهش غلظت کلسترول زرده تخم­مرغ در مرغان تخم­گذار. مجله تحقیقات دامپزشکی دانشگاه تهران. 63(2): 1- 6.
    2. Al Aqil AA (2016) Effects of adding different dietary levels of garlic (Allium sativum) powder on productive performance and egg quality of laying hens. International Journal of Poultry Science 15(4): 151-155.
  3. Behnamifar A, Rahimi S, Karimi Torshizi M A, Hasanpor S and Mohamadzade Z (2015) Effect of thyme, garlic and caraway herbal extracts on blood parameters, productivity, egg quality, hatchability and intestinal bacterial population of laying Japanese quail. Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 9(3): 179-187.
  4. Birrenkott G, Brockenfelt G, Owens M and Halpin E (2000) Yolk and blood cholesterol levels and organoleptic assessment of eggs from hens fed a garlic-supplemented diet. Poultry Science  79(Suppl 1): 75 (Abstract).
  5. Bölükbasi SC, Erhan MK and Ürüsan H (2010) The effects of supplementation of bergamot oil (Citrus bergamia) on egg production, egg quality, fatty acid composition of egg yolk in laying hens. The Journal of Poultry Science 47(2): 163-169.
  6. Chowdhury S and Smith T (2002) Effects of dietary garlic on cholesterol metabolism in laying hens. Poultry Science 81(12): 1856-1862.
  7. Coutts JA and Wilson GC (1991) Egg quality handbook: Queensland Department of Primary Industries.
  8. Edens F (2002) Practical applications for selenomethionine: broiler breeder reproduction. Paper presented at the Nutritional biotechnology in the feed and food industries. Proceedings of 18th alltech’s Annual Symposium. Nottingham University Press. Nottingham, UK. Pages.
  9. FAO (2014) FAOSTAT Statistics Division. (www.Fao.org/corp/statistics/en
  10. Haugh R (1937) The Haugh unit for measuring egg quality.
  11. Horn NL, Ruch F, Miller G, Ajuwon KM and Adeola O (2016) Determination of the adequate dose of garlic diallyl disulfide and diallyl trisulfide for effecting changes in growth performance, total-tract nutrient and energy digestibility, ileal characteristics, and serum immune parameters in broiler chickens. Poultry Science 0: 1-6.
  12. Jiang Z, Fenton M and Sim JS (1991) Comparison of four different methods for egg cholesterol determination. Poultry Science 70(4): 1015-1019.
  13. Lee KW, Everts H, Kappert H, Frehner M, Losa R and Beynen A (2003) Effects of dietary essential oil components on growth performance, digestive enzymes and lipid metabolism in female broiler chickens. British Poultry Science 44(3): 450-457.
  14. Lohmann Tierzucht (2007) Management guide for laying hens: Lohmann white-classic Lohmann Tierzucht GmbH, Cuxhaven Germany.
  15. Nogueira G and Bragagnolo N (2002) Assessment of methodology for the enzymatic assay of cholesterol in egg noodles. Food Chemistry 79(2): 267-270.
  16. Olobatoke R and Mulugeta S (2011) Effect of dietary garlic powder on layer performance, fecal bacterial load, and egg quality. Poultry Science 90(3): 665-670.
  17. Olukosi O and Dono N (2014) Modification of digesta pH and intestinal morphology with the use of benzoic acid or phytobiotics and the effects on broiler chicken growth performance and energy and nutrient utilization. Journal of Animal Science 92(9): 3945-3953.
  18. Peinado M, Ruiz R, Echávarri A, Aranda-Olmedo I and Rubio L (2013) Garlic derivative PTS-O modulates intestinal microbiota composition and improves digestibility in growing broiler chickens. Animal Feed Science and Technology 181(1): 87-92.
  19. Qureshi AA, Abuirmeileh N, Din ZZ, Elson CE and Burger WC (1983) Suppression of avian hepatic lipid metabolism by solvent extracts of garlic: Impact on serum lipids. Journal of Nutrition 113: 1746-1755.
  20. Ramiah SK, Zulkifli I, Rahim NAA, Ebrahimi M and Meng GY (2014) Effects of two herbal extracts and virginiamycin supplementation on growth performance, intestinal microflora population and fatty acid composition in broiler chickens. Asian-Australasian journal of animal sciences 27(3: 375-382
  21. SAS S and Guide S U s (2009) Version 9.2. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC.
  22. Shen L, Van Dyck K, Luten J and Deelstra H (1997) Diffusibility of selenate, selenite, seleno-methionine, and seleno-cystine during simulated gastrointestinal digestion. Biological Trace Element Research 58(1): 55-63.
  23. Steiner T (2006) Managing gut health: natural growth promoters as a key to animal performance. Nottingham university press.
  24. Toussant MJ and Latshaw JD (1999) Ovomucin content and composition in chicken eggs with different interior quality. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 79(12): 1666-1670.
  25. Windisch W, Schedle K, Plitzner C and Kroismayr A (2008) Use of phytogenic products as feed additives for swine and poultry. Journal of Animal Science 86(14_suppl): E140-E148.
  26. Yalcın S, Onbaşılar EE, Reisli Z and Yalcın S (2006) Effect of garlic powder on the performance, egg traits and blood parameters of laying hens. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 86(9): 1336-1339.
  27. Yalçın S, Onbaşılar İ, Şehu A and Yalçın S (2007) The effects of dietary garlic powder on the performance, egg traits and blood serum cholesterol of laying quails. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Science 20: 944-947.