تأثیر پری‌بیوتیک مانان ‌الیگوساکارید بر عملکرد، جمعیت میکروبی ایلئوم روده، صفات ایمنی و قابلیت هضم ایلئومی مواد مغذی در مرغ‌های تخم‌گذار تغذیه شده با جیره‌های حاوی سطوح مختلف پروتئین خام

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه علوم دام و طیور - پردیس ابوریحان - تخصص:‌تغذیه طیور

2 دانشجوی فارغ التحصیل

3 استادیار دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان دانشکده کشاورزی گروه علوم دامی

4 کارشناس آزمایشگاه ژنتیک دام

چکیده
این مطالعه به منظور بررسی تأثیر پری­بیوتیک مانان­الیگوساکارید برعملکرد، کیفیت تخم­مرغ، پاسخ ایمنی،جمعیتمیکروبی ایلئوم رودهوقابلیت هضمایلئومیموادمغذیدرمرغ­های تخم­گذار تغذیه شده با سطوح مختلف پروتئین خام انجام گرفت. از تعداد 150 قطعه مرغ تخم­گذار سویه های ­لاین W-36در قالب یک طرح کاملاً تصادفی با آزمایش فاکتوریل 2×3 استفاده شد. جیره­های آزمایشی شامل سه سطح پروتئین خام (سطح توصیه شده سویه، 95 و 90 درصد سطح توصیه شده) و دو سطح مانان­الیگوساکارید (صفر و 1/0 درصد جیره) بودند. کاهش 10 درصدی سطح پروتئین خام جیره سبب کاهش وزن تخم­مرغ، درصد تخم­گذاری، توده تخم­مرغ و نامناسب شدن ضریب تبدیل خوراک شد (01/0P<). افزودن مکمل مانان­الیگوساکارید به جیره، درصد تخم­گذاری و توده تخم­مرغ را بهبود داد (05/0P<).غلظت پادتن علیه نیوکاسل، پاسخ اولیه و ثانویه غلظت پادتن علیه گلبول قرمز گوسفندی در اثر مصرف مانان­الیگوساکارید در جیره افزایش یافتند (05/0P<). کاهش پنج درصدی سطح پروتئین خام جیره سبب کاهش مقدار تری­گلیسرید سرم خون شد (05/0P<). کاهش پنج و 10 درصدی پروتئین خام قابلیت هضم خاکستر کل را بهبود و کاهش 10 درصدی پروتئین خام قابلیت هضم چربی خام را کاهش داد (05/0P<). افزودن مانان­الیگوساکارید به جیره، قابلیت هضم چربی خام را بهبود و جمعیت میکروبی اشریشیاکلی را در ایلئوم روده کاهش داد (05/0P<).بنابراین، افزودن مکمل مانان­الیگوساکارید به میزان 1/0 درصد جیره موجب بهبود فاکتورهای ایمنی و فلور میکروبی ایلئوم روده شد. همچنین، سطح 68/15 درصد پروتئین خام جیره از سن 47 تا 57 هفتگی فراسنجه­های عملکردی مرغ­های تخم­گذار را کاهش نداد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله English

Effect of mannan-oligosaccharide prebiotic on performance, intestine ileum microflora, immune traits and ileum nutrient digestibility in laying hens fed diets with different crude protein levels

نویسنده English

shokoufe ghazanfari 1
چکیده English

This study was carried out toinvestigate the effect ofmannan-oligosaccharide prebioticonperformance,egg quality, immune response, intestine ileum microflora and nutrient digestibility in laying hens fed various levels of crude protein. A total of 150 Hy-Line W-36 layinghens were assigned to a 2×3 factorial arrangement of treatments. Experimental diets consisted of 3 levels of crude protein (recommended level for strain, 90 and 95% of recommended level) and 2 levels of mannan-oligosaccharides (0 and 0.1% of diet). Reduction of crude protein to 10% of basal diet resulted in decrease of egg weight, egg production, egg mass and feed conversion ratio (P<0.01). Supplementation of mannan-oligosaccharide into the diet improved egg production and egg mass (P<0.05). Newcastle antibody titer, primary and second antibody response against sheep red blood cell increased by supplementation of mannan-oligosaccharides (P<0.05). Reduction of crude protein to 5% reduced blood serum triglycerides concentration (P<0.05). Reduction of crude protein to 5 and 10 % of diet caused increases in digestibility coefficients of organic matter and Reduction of crude protein to 10 % caused decline of crude fat digestibility (P<0.05). Dietary supplementation mannan-oligosaccharides increased crude fat digestibility and decreased ileal E. coli count (P<0.05). So, supplementation of mannan-oligosaccharide at levels of 0.1% of diet improved immune parameters and intestinal ileum microflora. Similarly, crude protein at levels of 15.68% of diet did not reduced performance parameters of layinghens from age 47 to 57 weeks.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

crude protein
laying hens
nutrient digestibility
Prebiotic
production performance
1.      Alzueta C, Rodríguez ML, Ortiz LT, Rebolé A and Treviño J (2010) Effects of inulin on growth performance, nutrient digestibility and metabolisable energy in broiler chickens. British Poultry Science. 51(3):393-398.
2.      Angelovicova M (1994) Economic use of a low-protein feed mixture in layer diet. Zivocisna Vyroba-UZPI (Czech Republic). 39: 1048-1062.
3.      Berry WD and Lui P (2000) Egg production, egg shell quality and bone parameters in broiler breeder hens receiving Bio-Mos and Eggshell ]9. Poultry Science. 79: 124 (Abstract).
4.      Bedford MR (1995) Mechanism of action and potential environmental benefits from the use of feed enzymes. Animal Feed Science and Technology. 53(2): 145-155.
5.      Biggs P, Parsons CM and Fahey GC (2007) The effects of several oligosaccharides on growth performance, nutrient digestibilities, and cecal microbial populations in young chicks. Poultry Science. 86(11): 2327-2336.
6.      Bunchasak C, Poosuwan K, Nukraew R, Markvichitr K and Choothesa A (2005) Effect of dietary protein on egg production and immunity responses of laying hens during peak production period. International Journal of Poultry Science. 4(9): 701-708.
7.      Chen TT, Tsay SM, Yu CY, Weng BC and Chen KL (2006) Effects of dietary β-glucan supplementation against Eimeria tenella infection and immune parameter in male Leghorn chicks. Journal of the Chinese Society of Animal Science. 35: 101-108.
8.      Doeschate RAHM and Kenyon S (1999) Alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters: mannanoligosaccharides and organic acids. In: L.G. Cavalchini, D. Baroli (Editors). Proceedings of XIV European Symposium on the Quality of Poultry Meat. Bologna (Italy). Worldʼs Poultry Science Journal. pp. 203-207
9.      El-Samee LD, El-Wardany I, Ali NG and Abo-El-Azab OM (2012) Egg quality, fertility and hatchability of laying quails fed diets supplemented with organic zinc, chromium yeast or mannan oligosaccharides. International Journal of Poultry Science. 11(3): 221-224.
10.   Finuance MC, Dawson KA, Spring P and Newman KE (1999) The effect of mannan oligosaccharide on the composition of the microflora in turkey poults. Poultry Science. 78(1): 77-80.
11.   Ghiyasi M, Rezaei M, Sayyahzadeh H, Firouzbakhsh F and Attar A (2010) Effects of prebiotic (Fermacto) in low protein diet on some blood parameters and intestinal microbiota of broiler chicks. Italian Journal of Animal Science. 7(3): 313-320.
12.   Haghighi HR, Gong J, Gyles CL, Hayes MA, Sanei B, Parvizi P, Gisavi H, Chambers JR and Sharif S (2005) Modulation of antibody-mediated immune response by brobiotics in chickens. Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology. 12: 1387-1392.
13.   Hassan HA and Ragab MS (2007) Single and combined effects of mannan oligosaccharide (mos) and dietary protein on the performance and immunity response of laying hens. Egyptian Poultry Science. 27: 969-987.
14.   Hy-Line International (2007). Hy-Line W-36 Commercial Management Guide. Hy-Line International, West Des Moines, IA, USA.
15.   Kashani S, Mohebbifar A, Habibian M and Torki M (2014) Effects of phytase supplementation of low protein diets on performance, egg quality traits and blood biochemical parameters of laying hens. Annual Research and Review in Biology. 4(4): 684-698.
16.   Keshavarz K and Austic RE (2004) The use of low-protein, low-phosphorus, amino acid-and phytase-supplemented diets on laying hen performance and nitrogen and phosphorus excretion. Poultry Science. 83(1): 75-83.
17.   McCarthy JF, Aherene FX and Okai DB (1974) Use of HCl insoluble ash as an index material for determining apparent digestibility with pigs. Canadian Journal of Animal Science. 54: 107–109.
18.   Meng QW, Yan L, Ao X, Jang HD, Cho JH and Kim IH (2010) Effects of chito-oligosaccharide supplementation on egg production, nutrient digestibility, egg quality and blood profiles in laying hens. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences. 23(11): 1476-1481.
19.   Mızrak C, Yenice E, Kahraman Z, Tunca M, Yıldırım U and Ceylan N (2014) Effects of dietary sepiolite and mannanoligosaccharide supplementation on the performance, egg quality, blood and digestion characteristics of laying hens receiving aflatoxin in their feed. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi. 61: 65-71.
20.   Radu-Rusu CG, Pop IM and Simeanu D (2010) Effect of a synbiotic feed additive supplementation on laying hens performance and eggs quality. Lucrări Ştiinţifice, Seria Zootehnie. 53: 89-93.
21.   Sadeghi AA, Mohammadi A, Shawrang P and Aminafshar M (2013) Immune responses to dietary inclusion of prebiotic-based mannan-oligosaccharide and β-glucan in broiler chicks challenged with salmonella enteritidis. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Science. 37(2): 206-213.
22.   SAS )2005) SAS User′s guideStatistics. Version 8. SAS Inst. Inc., Cary, NC, USA.
23.   Shashidhara RG and Devegowda G (2003) Effect of dietary mannan oligosaccharide on broiler breeder production traits and immunity. Poultry Science. 82(8): 1319-1325.
24.   Spring P, Wenk C, Dawson KA and Newman KE (2000) The effects of dietary mannaoligosaccharides on cecal parameters and the concentrations of enteric bacteria in the ceca of salmonella-challenged broiler chicks. Poultry Science. 79(2): 205-11.
25.   Toghyani M, Gheiasari A, Ghalamkari G and Eghbalsaied SH (2011) Evaluation of cinnamon and garlic as antibiotic growth promoter substitutions on performance, immune responses, serum biochemical and haematological parameters in broiler chicks. Livestock Science. 138: 167-173.
26.   Wasilewska E, Ratowska J, Bielecka M, Zduńczyk Z and Jankowski J (2010) Mannanoligosaccharides or flavomycin in turkeys diets: effect on mucosa-associated microflora and growth performance. Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences. 19: 559-612
27.   Zaghini A, Martelli G, Roncada P, Simioli M and Rizzi L (2005) Mannanoligosaccharides and aflatoxin B1 in feed for laying hens: effects on egg quality, aflatoxins B1 and M1 residues in eggs, and aflatoxin B1 levels in liver. Poultry Science. 84(6): 825-32.
28.   Zdunczyk Z, Juskiewicz J, Jankowski J, Biedrzycka E and Koncicki A (2005) Metabolic response of the gastrointestinal tract of turkeys to diets with different levels of mannan-oligosaccharide. Poultry Science. 84(6): 903-909.