Journal of Animal Production, Print ISSN: 2008-6776., Online ISSN: 2382-994X

The Effect of Different Levels of Dietary Metabolizable Energy and Crude Protein on Performance and Nitrogen and Energy Metabolism in Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica)

Document Type : Research Paper

Author

mohamad yazarloo
https://doi.org/10.22059/jap.2017.60104
Abstract
In order to study the impact of different levels of dietary metabolizable energy and crude protein on performance and nitrogen and energy metabolism of Japanese quail during growth period, 360 day-old Japanese quails were used in a 3×3 factorial experiment with three levels of metabolizable energy (2750, 2850 and 2950 Kcal/kg) and three levels of crude protein (24, 26 and 28 percent) in a completely randomized design with four replicates and 10 birds in each replicate. The feed intake and body weight gain were measured weekly and feed conversion ratio was calculated. The nitrogen intake, excretion and retention as gram per bird per day, percent of nitrogen intake and gram nitrogen per kilocalorie per metabolizable energy consumed and dietary apparent metabolizable energy content were measured during 26 to 28 days of age period. The results of this study showed that birds fed diet containing 2850 kcal/kg metabolizable energy and 26 percent crude protein had significantly (P< 0.05) higher daily weight gain and higher nitrogen retention per each unit of metabolizable energy consumed and better feed conversion ratio. According to the results of this experiment, it seems that the best growth rate, the maximum nitrogen retention and the best feed efficiency of growing Japanese quail are achieved by feeding diets containing 2850 kcal/kg metabolizable energy and 26 percent crude protein. Therefore, these values can be recommended as metabolizable energy and crude protein requirements of Japanese quail growing diet.

Keywords

crude protein
Japanese quail
Metabolizable energy
Nitrogen Retention
performance
  1. Abdel MMA (2005) Effect of dietary energy on some productive and physiological traits in Japanese quail. M. Sc. Thesis, Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Al­Azhar University.
  2. Angulo EJ Brufau A Miquel and Garcia E (1993) Effect of diet density and pelleting on productive parameters of Japanese quail. Poultry Science 72: 607­610.
  3. AOAC International (2005) Official methods of analysis of AOAC International. 18th ed. AOAC Int. Gaithersburg, MD.
  4. Begin JJ (1968) A comparison of the ability of the Japanese quail and light breed chicken tometabolize and utilize energy. Poultry Science 47: 1278­1281.
  5. D’Mello JPF (1994) Amino acids in farm animal nutrition. First edition, CAB international, Wallingford, UK, pp. 37-98, 188-245.
  6. Dozier WA, Kidd MT and Corz A (2007) Dietary amino acid responses of broiler chickens. Journal of Applied Poultry Research 17:157–167.
  7. Farrell DJ Atmamihardja SI and Pym RAE (1982) Calorimetric measurements of the energy and nitrogen metabolism of Japanese quail. British Poultry Science 23: 375­382.
  8. Fenton TW and Fenton M (1979) An improved procedure for the determination of chromic oxide in feed and feces. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 59: 631-634.
  9. Freitas AC Fuentes MF Freitas ER Sucupira FS Oliveira BCM and Espíndola GB (2006) Dietary crude protein and metabolizable energy levels for meat quails. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 35: 1705-1710.
  10. Furlan RL Faria DE Rosa PS and Macari M (2004) Doe's low-protein diet improve broiler performance under stress conditions. Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science 6: 71-79.
  11. Golian A Aami Azghadi M and Pilevar M (2010) Influence of various levels of energy and protein on performance and humoral immune responses in broiler chicks. Global Veterinaria 4: 434-440.
  12. Hassan HAA Abd-elsamee MO El-sherbiny AE Samy A and mohamad AM (2011) Effect of protein level and avizyme supplemented on performance, carcass characteristics and nitration excretion of broiler chicks. Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Science. 10 (4):551-560.
  13. Holsheimer JP and Veerkam CH (1992) Effect of dietary energy, protein and lysine content on performance and yields of two strains of male broiler chicks. Poultry Science 71:872-879.
  14. Kaur S Mandal AB Singh KB and Kadam MM (2007) the response of Japanese quails (heavy body weight line) to dietary energy levels and graded essential amino acid levels on growth performance and immuno-competence. Livestock Science 117:255-262.
  15. Kermanshahi H Ziaei N and Pilevar 1M (2011) effect of dietary crude protein fluctuation on performance, blood parametersand nutrients retention in broiler chicken during starter period. Global Veterinaria 6: 162-167.
  16. Lee TK and Shim KF (1977) Protein requirement of growing Japanese quail in the tropics. Singapore Journal of Primary Industries 5: 70.
  17. Leeson S and Summers JD (2008) Commercial Poultry Nutrition. 3rd ed. public university. Books, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
  18. Morris TR (1968) the effect of dietary energy level on the voluntary calorie intake of laying hens. British Poultry Science 9: 285–295.
  19. Nahashon SN Adefope N Amenyenu A and Wright D (2005) Effects of dietary metabolizable energy and crude protein concentrations on growth performance and carcass characteristics of French guinea broilers. Poultry Science 84: 337–344.
  20. National Research Council (1994) Nutrient requirement of poultry.  9 th   review edition.  National Academy Press. Washington. D.C
  21. Rajini RA and Narahhari D (1998) Dietary protein and protein requirements of growing Japanese quails in the tropics. Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 68: 1082­1086.
  22. SAS Institute (2002) SAS statistics user’s guide. Version 9.1. SAS Institute Inc. Cary, NC, USA.
  23. Schneitz C Kiiskinen T Toivonen V and Nasi M (1998) Effect of broil cat on the physicochemical conditions and nutrient digestibility in the gastrointestinal tract of broilers. Poultry Science 77: 426-432.
  24. Scott ML Neshim MC and Young RJ (1982) Nutrition of the chicken. Ithaca New York.
  25. Shoukry HMS Mohammed FA and Sobri H (1993) Energy cost of egg production in Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica). Al­Azhar Journal of Agriculture Research. 18:1­14.
  26. Shrivastava AK and Panda B (1999) A review of quail nutrition. Research in India. Worlds Poultry Science 55: 73–8.
  27. Velu JG Baker DH and Scott M (1971) Protein and energy utilization by chicks fed graded levels of a balanced mixture of crystalline amino acids. Journal of Nutrition 101: 1249- 1256.

Journal of Animal Production, Print ISSN: 2008-6776., Online ISSN: 2382-994X
Volume 19, Issue 1
Spring 2017
Pages 145-157

Home

Guide for Authors

Submit Manuscript

Reviewers

Contact Us