نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد تغذیه دام، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران
2 استادیار تغذیه نشخوارکنندگان، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس
3 استاد، گروه علوم دامی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تخصص: تغذیه نشخوارکنندگان
چکیده
مطالعه حاضر به‌منظور تعیین ترکیب شیمیایی خوشاریزه (گونه sibthorpiana) و پولیکاریا (گونه dysenterica)، و تأثیر گنجاندن گیاهان مذکور در جیره بر فراسنجه‌های تخمیر شکمبه و قابلیت هضم با روش برون‌تنی انجام شد. ترکیب شیمیایی گیاهان مورد مطالعه با روش‌های استاندارد اندازه‌گیری، و سطوح مختلف هر گیاه در جیره گنجانده شد. آزمون تولید گاز برون‌تنی با هفت تیمار (جیره شاهد، جیره‌های حاوی 15، 30 یا 45 درصد خوشاریزه، و جیره‌های حاوی 15، 30 یا 45 درصد پولیکاریا) و سه تکرار انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که میزان پروتئین خام و قابلیت هضم ماده آلی خوشاریزه (به‌ترتیب 10/4 و 61/8 درصد) بیشتر از پولیکاریا (به‌ترتیب 7/85و 52/5 درصد) بود (0/05>P). گنجاندن خوشاریزه در جیره، قابلیت هضم ماده آلی و انرژی قابل سوخت و ساز را افزایش داد، در صورتی که مصرف پولیکاریا فراسنجه‌های مذکور را کاهش داد (0/05>P). غلظت آمونیاک شکمبه‌ای با مصرف خوشاریزه در جیره کاهش یافت (0/05>P)، اما تحت تأثیر پولیکاریا قرار نگرفت. گنجاندن خوشاریزه و پولیکاریا در جیره، جمعیت پروتوزوا و تولید متان را کاهش داد (0/05>P). ظرفیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی شیرابه شکمبه با وارد نمودن خوشاریزه و پولیکاریا در جیره افزایش یافت (0/05>P). بر اساس نتایج حاصل، استفاده از خوشاریزه تا 45 درصد، و پولیکاریا تا 30 درصد ماده خشک در جیره نشخوارکنندگان قابل توصیه است. به هر حال، در زمان تغذیه پولیکاریا در دام‌های پر تولید، نسبت علوفه به کنسانتره باید کاهش داده شود. از سوی دیگر، مصرف خوشاریزه و پولیکاریا موجب بهبود ظرفیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی شکمبه و کاهش آزادسازی متان به محیط زیست می‌شود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Chemical composition and effect of Echinophora sibthorpiana and Pulicaria dysenterica on in vitro ruminal fermentation parameters, methane and antioxidant capacity
نویسندگان [English]
- Sayyed Mohsen Hosseini 1
- Javad Rezaei 2
- Yousef Rouzbehan 3
1 Former M.Sc. Student of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran
2 Faculty member, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University
3 Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran
چکیده [English]
The present study was conducted to determine the chemical composition of Echinophora sibthorpiana and Pulicaria dysenterica and the effect of dietary inclusions of these plants on in vitro ruminal fermentation parameters and digestibility. Chemical composition of the experimental plants was determined using standard methods and different levels of each plant were included in the diet. In vitro gas production technique was performed with seven treatments (control diet, diets containing 15, 30 or 45 percentage of Echinophora and diets containing 15, 30 or 45 percentage of Pulicaria) and three replicates. Results indicated that crude protein and organic matter digestibility (OMD) of Echinophora (10.4 and 61.8 percentage, respectively) were higher than Pulicaria (7.85 and 52.5 percentage, respectively) (P<0.05). Inclusion of Echinophora in the diet increased OMD and metabolizable energy, while using Pulicaria reduced these parameters (P<0.05). Ruminal ammonia decreased with inclusion of Echinophora in the diet (P<0.05), but it was not affected by Pulicaria. Dietary inclusions of Echinophora and Pulicaria decreased protozoa population and methane production (P<0.05). The ruminal antioxidant capacity was improved by inclusions of Echinophora and Pulicaria in the diet (P<0.05). Based on the results, the
use of Echinophora up to 45 percentage and Pulicaria up to 30 percentage of diet dry matter is recommended in ruminants. However, the forage to concentrate ratio should be reduced when feeding Pulicaria in high-performance animals. On the other hand, using Echinophora and Pulicaria improves ruminal antioxidant capacity and reduces methane release to the environment.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- antioxidant capacity
- digestibility
- Gas production
- Methanogenesis
- Pasture fodder
- Protozoa
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