Mahnaz Salehi; Ali Maghsoudi
Volume 20, Issue 1 , Spring 2018, , Pages 121-130
Abstract
This research was conducted in Animal Science Research Institute of Iran for determination of the effects of tanning method of ostrich skin on chemical characteristics of the leather. A total number of 12 pieces of ostrich hide prepared and each 4 skin pieces assigned to each of chrome, vegetable and ...
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This research was conducted in Animal Science Research Institute of Iran for determination of the effects of tanning method of ostrich skin on chemical characteristics of the leather. A total number of 12 pieces of ostrich hide prepared and each 4 skin pieces assigned to each of chrome, vegetable and alum tanning methods. Chemical characteristics of the leathers included fat content, water-soluble matter, water-soluble organic matter, sulphated water-insoluble ash, minerals, nitrogen, protein and pH were determined. Amount of fat in vegetable leathers was higher than chrome and alum leathers but water-soluble material, water-soluble organic material and sulphated water-insoluble ash in alum and vegetable leathers were same and higher than chrome leathers. In addition, higher amounts of nitrogen, protein and pH measured in chrome, alum and vegetable leathers, respectively. Six and four percent increase of fat and decrease in nitrogen, protein and pH in vegetable leathers is considerable compared with alum and chrome leathers. Significant positive correlation among fat with water soluble material, sulphated water-insoluble ash and negative correlation with nitrogen and protein in different leathers were achieved. There was higher correlation between mineral of the leather with all of the chemical characters other than pH. Due to some different chemical characters of the leather for vegetable tanning method practical evaluations are imperative using effective material and optimization of the method. Moreover, in spite of probable risks for the environment and tanning workers, the chrome method is the most appropriate method of ostrich skin tanning yet.
Mahnaz Salehi; Ali Maghsoudi
Volume 18, Issue 3 , Autumn 2016, , Pages 625-633
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the physicochemical performances at three sites on skin, namely the diagonal, neck and leg based on different age groups. Eighteen skins pieces in 6 m, 6 m to 1 yr and 1 yr to 1.5 yr of age were selected to represent means of the respective age groups with ...
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The aim of the present study was to investigate the physicochemical performances at three sites on skin, namely the diagonal, neck and leg based on different age groups. Eighteen skins pieces in 6 m, 6 m to 1 yr and 1 yr to 1.5 yr of age were selected to represent means of the respective age groups with regard to skin area. The skin area were7.4±1.41, 13.5±1.4 and 18.2±1.1 ft2 for the ostriches, respectively. The diagonal region, neck and leg parts were approximately 81.5, 10.1 and 8.4 percent of the skin area. The areas increased with an increased chronological age at all sites. Average skin area increased at a rate of 0.9 ft2 per each months of age. Average and range of thickness of the leather were 1.5±0.1 (0.6 to 3.0) mm, breaking load 22.2±3.3 (4.9 to 49.2) kgf, tensile strength 146.3±17.1 (70.5 to 269.7) kgf/cm2, percentage extension 58.7±4.9 (21.5 to 93.3) % and density were 0.6±0.05 (0.4 to 0.9) g/cm2. It was evident that leather thickness increased with age. A similar tendency was observed for tensile strength (P<0.01). Tensile strength from diagonal, neck and leg parts of the body were 129.0±26.3, 123.4±33.2 and 131.7±41.7 kgf/cm2 respectively which was statistically different (P<0.05). The overall means of ostrich leather for fat, water soluble material, organic soluble materials, non-soluble sulphate ash, minerals, nitrogen, protein and pH were 16.1±1.4, 1.5±0.6, 0.8±0.2, 0.8±0.3, 0.5±0.1, 9.6±0.3, 59.8±1.9 and 3.6±0.1 % resectivelly. The leather from legs had more water soluble material, organic soluble materials, non-soluble sulphate ash and minerals (P<0.05) compared to other regions of body. The amounts of fat in leather of ostrich with 6 month of age in diagonal region, was higher than older ostrich and the other regions of body (P<0.05). Nitrogen and protein was higher in >12 months of age (P<0.05) than the younger ostrich. It does, however, exert an important influence on the quality traits that were considered, and needs to be considered in the marketing of ostrich leather.